Nursing 102 Exam 1
What is "reality shock"?
"a shock reaction that occurs when an individual who has been educated in a nursing education system with one view of nursing encounters a different view of nursing in the practice setting".
What is a hospitalist?
A hospitalist is a generalist who coordinates the patient care, serving as the primary provider while the patient is in the hospital.
What is a meta-analysis?
Author takes the results of several similar studies (that they may or may not have participated in)
What are the characteristics of a profession?
Autonomy, responsibility, and accountability
What is the highest level of evidence to base nursing practice?
Cochrane and other Systematic Reviews
What does a knowledge worker use when serving as a nurse?
Coordination, collaboration, Critical thinking
What was the first war that Florence Nightingale was involved in?
Crimean
What is critical thinking?
Critical thinking is used by nurses as they apply knowledge, evidence, and caring to the nursing process and become competent.
How are quotations that are more than 40 words incorporated into the text?
Display in a double spaced block, indented five spaces from the left, with no quotation marks.
How are quotations that are less than 40 words incorporated into the text?
Enclosed with double quotation marks (" ")
What is patient-centered care?
Exemplified by making the patient the center of care.
What did the Jefferson Street Mission later become named?
Henry Street Settlement
What does describing a hospitals process refer to?
How the organization functions. "how the work gets done"
What does describing a hospital's structure refer to?
How the organization is configured
What three individuals started the Jefferson Street Mission?
Lillian Wald, Mary Brewster, and Lavinia Dock
If so, what contributes to the crisis?
Most of their patients have inadequate or no reimbursement.
What is the NCSBN?
National Council of State Boards of Nursing
Does the U.S. have a universal healthcare system of coverage for all individuals?
No
When evaluating information and literature for writing nursing papers and making clinical decisions, are blogs and informal internet sources permissible?
No
1The NCSBN has set boundaries in the nurse-patient relationship. Whose responsibility is it to delineate and maintain boundaries between the nurse and patient relationship?
Nurses
What do we mean by nurses being knowledge workers?
Nurses are in knowledge-intense working areas such as healthcare organizations.
What is the International Honor Society for Nursing?
Second largest nursing organization in the world
Who was Margaret Sanger?
She helped prevent unwanted pregnancies to reduce the number of abortions. She devoted her life to educating women about birth control.
Who was Linda Richards?
She was America's first trained nurse. First to enroll in New England Hospital in Boston, MA and first one to graduate. She is also known for process improvement. Created first individual patient record.
During Florence Nightingale's time, women typically were involved in what type of work or activity?
Women did not work outside of the home. They worked in the household.
Are advanced practice nurses being used as hospitalists?
Yes
Are data from sites such as World Health Organization, Governmental websites and professional organization's websites good sources of facts and data?
Yes
Are there disparities in the healthcare professions' workforce?
Yes
Are they in a financial crisis?
Yes
Do disparities in the healthcare professions' workforce contribute to health disparities outcomes?
Yes
Should newspapers and magazine articles in the popular press be used?
Yes
Should nurses be more involved?
Yes
Would access to care be improved with a patient-centered care model?
Yes
What role should each nurse take to improve the image of nursing in the community?
Visibility
What is Medicaid?
a program for certain low-income people, children, blind, disabled and those who federally assisted income maintenance programs.
What is Medicare?
a program for people aged 65 and older; disabilities; end-stage renal disease; 41 million beneficiaries and is growing.
What is documentation?
a vital component of safe, ethical and effective nursing practice, regardless of the context of practice or whether the documentation is paper-based or electronic.
What is active listening?
a way of listening and responding to another person that improves mutual understanding
didactic learning?
an effective method used to teach students who are unable to organize their work and depend on the teachers for instructions.
What are some barriers to effective listening?
anxiety and stress, interruptions, too many tasks to do, fatigue and hunger, lack of self-esteem, anger, reaction from the past, and confusing message.
What roles do registered nurses have?
back bone of any acute care hospital, also work in medical records, quality improvement, infusion therapy, case management, some nurses are in the management position and do not provide direct care
What are some barriers to effective coordination?
include failure of team members to understand roles and responsibilities of other team members, lack of a clear interprofessional plan of care, limited leadership, overwork, ineffective communication, lack of inclusion of others in the care process, and competition among team members to control decisions.
What is applied research?
is designed to find a solution to a practical problem
What are insurance deductibles?
part of the bill that the patient must pay before the insurer will pay the bill for the services
What roles do respiratory therapists have?
provide care to patients who have respiratory problems. Oxygen therapy, inhalation therapy, intermittent positive pressure ventilators.
What do we mean by "safety net hospitals"?
public hospitals that serve the populations who have limited or no resources to pay for services.
Describe a bureaucratic organization:
pyramidal command structure, very organized.
What is collaboration?
that all people involved are listened to and that decisions are developed together for a win/win solution.
Who was Mary Mahoney?
the FIRST professional black nurse in America.
What is health literacy?
the ability of the nurses or other providers to communicate the medical terms to the patient and family in a way they can understand through simplistic language or medical trained interpreters.
What is clinical reasoning?
the ability to assess patient problems or needs and analyze data to accurately identify and frame problems within the context of the individual patient's environment.
What is competency?
the ability to do something successfully or efficiently.
Application?
the action of putting something into operation.
Adelaid Nutting?
the first professor of nursing
Copayments?
the fixed amount that the patient may be required to pay per service, amount can vary.
Clara Barton?
the founder of the American Red Cross.
Memorization?
the process of committing something to memory. Not every student that memorizes the material for a quiz or test are learning anything because they cram it in their mind and spit it out on the test and then forget about it after.
Coinsurance?
when patients pay a portion of their insurance.
What roles do dieticians have?
work with patients to help resolve dietary and nutritional needs
What is coordination?
working to see that the pieces/activities fit together and flow as they should and helps to meet desired patient outcomes.
What are the key roles of nurses?
• Care provider • Educator • Counselor • Manager • Researcher • Collaborator • Change Agent (Intrapeuneur) • Entrepreneur • Patient advocate • Leader
What are some elements of effective teams? Effective team leaders?
• Effective teams: SBAR, Team STEPPS, Checklists, Formal team meetings, Meeting setting and new technology • Effective leaders: leading the team, selecting team members, plan of action, resolving conflict when it arises, evaluate outcomes, giving feedback, effective collaboration, coordination, and delegation.
How does informatics impact care?
• Informatics can lead to safe, quality care • Nurses need to take active role • Information sharing and coordination of care
What are the steps in the nursing process?
1) Assessment--- a continuous, multi-step process to collect data about the patient's health status 2) Diagnosis--- occurs as the nurse analyzes and interprets information to determine the patients' needs 3) Planning--- identifies the interventions or actions a nurse may take to manage problems, monitor the patient, decrease risks, provide support, and care. The patient needs to be part of the planning process. 4) Implementation--- plan developed for a patient that includes preparing reports, setting daily priorities, immediate changes, and document progress. 5) Evaluation--- going back and making sure that everything you do is adequate. This step includes reevaluation.
What are the "five rights" of nursing delegation?
1) Task 2) Circumstance 3) Person 4) Direction/Communication 5) Supervision
What are the five core competencies identified by the IOM?
1. Provide patient-centered care 2. Work in interdisciplinary teams 3. Employ evidence-based practice 4.. Apply quality improvement 5. Utilize informatics
What organization represents all RNs in the United States?
American Nurses Association
Who funds Medicare?
Federal
Who funds Medicaid?
Federal & state
If we define nurses by describing tasks, what are we talking about?
Giving patient medication, taking care of patients, and following doctor's orders
Who was Ignaz Semmelweis?
He made a contribution for all of our health but didn't get the credit he deserved. His contribution was handwashing.
What is HIPAA?
Health Information Portability and Accountability Act (2006);
What are some red flags regarding professional communication with a patient?
Intuition "gut-feeling" play a part so avoid situations where the nurse has personal &/or business relationship.
How is nursing curriculum different from other types of curricula?
It includes labs, simulation training, skills competency check-offs, and clinical experiences. It is demanding and more complex.
What makes simulation an effective method for developing clinical competency in nursing?
It increases confidence, is non-threatening, supportive environment, decreases risks, and includes increased faculty involvement.
What is the largest department in a hospital?
Nursing department
Who was Dorthea Dix?
Pioneer with improving conditions for the mentally ill in the lower east side of New York
What is the main role of the Institutional Review Board's (IRB) in research?
Protects the patient's rights
What is nursing informatics?
Specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate information.
What do we mean by high touch vs high tech?
Technology enhances patient care. More and more technology is used in the modern day.
What is the Sullivan Commission report?
The Sullivan Commission report examined disparities in health care and concluded that a key contributor to the growing healthcare disparity problem is the disparities in the nation's health professional workforce.
What is the role of the nurse with patient advocacy?
The role of the nurse with patient advocacy is the nurse does not judge the patient and respects their decisions even if they disagree with that decision.
What is patient advocacy?
They support patient and family education, patient satisfaction and the complaint process, and efforts to improve care, and they support and ask for patient participation in healthcare decision making.
What do they understand about change?
They understand that change is inevitable in the health care, which means it is rapidly changing and complex. Change can be a good thing because it improves the quality of care provided to our patients, conserve resources, or expand our knowledge.
What are two important tools for success in nursing education?
Time management and organization
What is basic research?
designed to broaden the base of knowledge rather than solve an immediate problem
What roles do occupational therapists have?
not present in every hospital, work with patients who have had a stroke or automobile accident.
What does it include?
reading, writing, and arithmetic skills; listening and speaking abilities; and conceptual knowledge.
Clinical judgment?
requires the ability to apply, analyze, and synthesize knowledge.
Remember that employing evidence-based practice requires use of research findings but also what/who else?
research shows, having clinical expertise, getting a thorough patient history and assessment (remember patient-centered), including patient values and preferences.
What is delegation?
to transferring responsibility for a task to another person
Describe the interprofessional team and the main advantage of using interprofessional teams as it relates to fragmented care.
• Interprofessional teams include examination of self as it relates to the team effort, interdisciplinary communication, and conflict resolution. The team's efforts impact efforts on quality, safety, patient-focused - patient-centered care, and overall delivery of care. • An advantage of interprofessional teams is that it reduces fragmented care which drives up the cost of care and decreases the quality of care.
What are the 5 elements of the APA Title page?
• Page number • Running head for publication • Title of the manuscript • Byline or the author's name • Institutional affiliation
What are basic elements of APA format?
• Title Page • Headers • Writing style • In text citations • Quotations • Reference Page
Annual limits?
•when the enrollees have a defined amount that they would have to pay- a maximum amount, and after the limit is reached they no longer contribute to the payment.
