GOV 347K Exam 1

Pakistan literally translates as

"Land of the Pure."

Pakistan controls 37% of the entire Kashmir called

Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir.

The Kashmir dispute is a territorial dispute

between India and Pakistan over the Kashmir region,

South Asia is geographically located

between the Himalayas and the Indian Ocean and between the Hindu Kush & Iran and Bay of Bengal &Myanmar.

Since 1947, in terms of South Asia's political development, there are six guidelines. What are they?

*Geo-political Asymmetry and Imbalance of Regional Power; * Communalism and Sectarian Politics; * Overlapping of State-building and Nation-building; * Transformation from the Traditional Society to Modern Society; * Multi-Party System and Alliance politics; * Federalism and coalition government.

Please identify the major heritages of the British rule in India.

*The British rule was finally established in 1858. The British established control over India, achieved territorial integration, and a centralized administration. *The English language was used in administrative, judiciary and education institutions. English brought the Indian upper classes in contact with the West civilizations, injecting it into India's ancient civilization. *The democratic ideals of liberty, equality and social justice took root among the Indian intellectuals.

India's political parties are categorized into national parties and local parties. The national parties must meet the following standards:

*The party must win at least 6 percent of the valid votes from at least 4 states in the general election and win 4 seats of the Lok Sabha from any states. Or The party must win 2 percent of 543 Lok Sabha seats or 11 seats.

Capital of Sri Lanka

- Colombo; Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (legislative)

Please explain why The Pakistan Tehreek Insaf or Pakistan Movement of Justice can have developed into the second largest party in the 2013 national election.

1) Cricketer turned politician Imran Khan leads Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf under the slogan, "Change". 2) The Pakistan Movement for Justice (PTI) is a social democratic and radical political movement. The PTI claims to represent all Pakistanis regardless of religion, ethnicity, language or residence. 3) It aims to create a secular, democratic welfare state. 4) The PTI promotes a nationalist agenda, arguing that terrorism, extremism, and radicalization have increased since Pakistan joined the War on Terror.

In the recent election in India's Delhi State, Aam Aadmi Party or the Common Man's party won almost all the 70 seats. Can you explain why?

1) The Aam Aadmi Party emerged from the nation-wide anti-corruption movement. The party's leader is one of the popular leaders in this anti-corruption movement. The party advocated a "clean hands" anti-graft agenda. 2) The party is the young, idealistic party that champions local needs - including clean water, electricity, free WiFi online, public toilets, professional education, and security for women.

India's quest for political institution building based on the Westminster model of governance. There are three principles guiding India's political process. Would you please explain them?

1)Values of liberal democracy, popular participation in political process with freedom of assembly and speech and express; 2)Ideals of democratic socialism. Responding to social and economic disparities in the society, aiming at achieving some degree of social and economic equality, with the State helping the poor ; 3)Principles of secular nationalism. Defusing the communal tensions and

How much did the BJP as India's ruling party

3 seats in recent New Dehli Election

6. The Aam Aadmi Party or The Common Man's Party won how many votes?

67 of 70 in recent New Dehli election

Capital of Bangladesh

Dhaka

There are eight countries in South Asia. They are

Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.

What historic importance of the Lahore Resolution?

All India Muslim League adopted a resolution at its annual meeting at Lahore in 1940, the well-known Lahore Resolution, calling for the creation of a separate Muslim state for the Muslims in British India. After the Lahore Resolution, the sentiment for dividing the British India grew rapidly.

Indian traditional language:

Sanskrit (one of the Indo-European family of languages)

South Asian countries established a regional cooperation organization in 1985. It is named as

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

Indian political parties have created three stable party alliances. They are :

INC-led United Progressive Alliance; BJP-led National Democratic Alliance The Third Front

In the traditional Indian society, the social structure was based on the Caste System. There were four castes with their different social functions. Can you identify the four castes and their social functions?

India's traditional social structure was based on the Caste system in which the Brahmins ( priests) and the Kshatriyas ( warriors) occupied the highest positions; the Vaishyas ( traders) the middle; and the Sudras ( menials) the lowest. The caste system created the hierarchical social structure. Hinduism assert that Different castes are needed to perform different social functions. Hinduism has become the predominant religion in South Asia.

The independent movement was led by the two leading political parties before 1947. They were

Indian National Congress and All-India Muslim League

India has six national political parties after the general election in 2008. They are

Indian National Congress, Bhartiya Janata Party, Bahujan Samaj Party, Samajwadi Party, Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist)

Capital of Pakistan

Islamabad

the northwestern region of South Asia. Today India controls 43% of the entire Kashmir called

Jammu and Kashmir

After India's independence, the first prime Minister was

Jawaharlal Nehru

The capital of Afghanistan

Kabul

Capital of Nepal

Kathmandu

Founding father of India

Mahatma Gandhi

Capital of Maldives

Male

Founding Father of Pakistan

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Capital of India

New Delhi

Pakistan has three leading political parties. They are

Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) or PML (N), Pakistan People's Party or PPP. And The Pakistan Movement of Justice, or Pakistan Tehreek Insaf (PTI)

Indian political parties have party symbols because many Indian voters are illiterate and also reflect their party's political images.

Please point out their symbols of the 6 national parties after the general election in 2014. (Look this up)

The creation of Pakistan is based on Islam, but Pakistan is composed of five major politically significant ethnic groups. What are they and where they live ?

Punjabis, Sindhis, Paktuns, Baloch, and Muhajirs ( Indian Muslims who opted for Pakistan during the partition, and). The Punjabis live in Punjab Province and speak Punjabi; The Sindhis live in Sindh Province and speak Sindhi; The Baloch live in Balochistan and speak Balochi; The Pakhtuns live in Khyber-Parkhtunkhwa Province and speak Pushto; The Muhajirs live in the urban areas, particularly in Karachi, and speak Urdu.

The founding of Pakistan is based on Islam. Pakistani political elites have been divided into two schools of Muslim nationalism. What are they? What has each school advocated in building an Islamic republic in Pakistan?

Religious Islamists favor enforcement of Islamic law and Islamic practices in various fields of national life. They favor severing ties with Western society and culture. Their goal is to restructure Pakistan in accordance with what an Islamic state should be. Secular nationalists restrict the role of Islam in a Muslim state. They favor developing a modern state along the secularist lines of the West.

After independence in 1947, Pakistan promulgated three constitutions respectively in 1956, 1962 1nd 1973. Can you identify the most remarkable differences between them?

The 1956 constitution is based on the parliamentary system; The 1962 constitution is based on the presidential system; The 1973 constitution is again based on the parliamentary system,

Greatest Rivers:

The Indus and The ganges

During the Muslim period of Indian history, the founding of the Mughal Empire was a great historic event in the 16th century. Please briefly introduce the achievements the Mughal rulers made.

The Mughal rulers conquered most of northern India and established a stable and centralized administration directed from Lahore, Agra, and Delhi. Delhi was then the principal seat of the Mughal Empire. The founder of the Mughal Empire was Babur who conquered Delhi in 1526. His grandson Akbar consolidated the rule of North India (1556-1605) and achieved political stability in the history of Muslim India. The Persian-speaking rulers patronized Urdu written in Persian script, and spoken in Delhi and its surrounding areas.

During the Hindu period in Indian history, the Hindu valley civilization was nurtured and nourished. There were two great Hindu scriptures and two great epics. They influenced the Hindus religiously, culturally, and socially. What are they?

The Veda is the early Hindu scripture and the oldest known literature in any Indo-European language. The Darshanas provides the intellectual heritage of the Hindus. The Ramayana and the Mahabharata, the two great epics, were composed in Sanskrit and have profound influence on the Hindus.

Pakistani Party politics was characterized with five remarkable features.

They are Regionalism, personalism, factionalism, religious extremism, and military rule.

Capital of Bhutan

Thimphu

Who is Narendra Modi? (multiple things)

has become India's prime Minister after the BJP won the general election in 2014. He was the former chief minister of Gujarat and blamed of failing to prevent the Hindu-Muslim riots but praised for his successful economic policies in the State.

Who was Rajiv Gandhi

he was the eldest son of Indira Gandhi and became India's prime minister after his mother's death. He was assassinated by a female Tamil human bomber during the election rally in Tamilnadu State in 1991

Who is Rahul Gandhi?

is Sonia Gandhi's son and the general secretary of the Indian National Congress

India's political system

is the parliamentary system

Who is Sonia Gandhi? (multiple things)

is the widow of the late Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and the president of the Indian national Congress. She has not become the Prime Minister because of her foreign birth. She was born in Italy in 1946.

Indian history is generally divided into three periods. They are

the Hindu period, the Muslim period, and the British period

India is divided into Three Regions. They are:

the Plains of North India, the Deccan Plateau, and the South India.

The parliament of India consists of

the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (House of the People)

Who was Indira HGandhi

the only daughter of late Prime Minister Nehru. She was assassinated by her body guards on the road to her office building in 1984.

Who was Benazir Bhutto

was the daughter of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. She became the president of the Pakistan People's Party and became Prime Minister in 1988-1990. She was assassinated during the election campaign in 2008.

Who was Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

was the founder of the Pakistan People's Party in 1967. He became the president of Pakistan after the dismemberment of Pakistan in 1971. He was hanged in the prison in charge of murder after the military coup in 1979.