Government Unit 3
Which statement is NOT a typical reason why Supreme Court justices have difficulty reaching the same decision?
Elected officials wield great influence over their decisions.
Bills must be passed only by the House of Representatives to become law.
False
What is a difference between legislative and federal courts?
Federal courts derive their authority from the Constitution; legislative courts derive their authority from Congress.
The _____ eliminated patronage by prohibiting civil employees from participating in partisan politics and soliciting public contributions.
Hatch Act of 1939
Identify the following safeguards as powers that the Executive, the Legislative, or the Judicial branch of government uses to check the other branches. must approve treaties that have been made appoints judges uses power to declare war uses judicial review has the power to pardon or grant reprieves determines if a presidential impeachment trial is warranted holds seats or positions as long as there is good behavior must approve the appointment of federal judges makes recess appointments and calls emergency sessions has chief justice preside over the Senate during presidential impeachment creates inferior courts to the Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional has vice president serve as president of the Senate
Identify the following safeguards as powers that the Executive, the Legislative, or the Judicial branch of government uses to check the other branches. legislative executive legislative judicial executive legislative judicial legislative executive judicial legislative judicial executive
How is the President's relationship with Congress influenced by which party is in power?
If the President is of the majority party, then he can usually count on party loyalty to advance his agenda.
How is the number of electors determined for each state?
It equals the number of the state's representatives and senators in Congress.
How did the court case Juilliard v. Greenman affect the Legal Tender Act of 1862?
It established that notes issued under congressional authority were legal tender for payment of any debt.
Which statement is NOT a criticism of judicial review?
It places the judiciary in a position of power over the other branches in that it makes the judicial will supreme to the will of the people.
What is the purpose of cloture?
It provides a way for the Senate to work around a filibuster.
Why was paper money not valued by the states after the American Revolution?
It was not backed by gold or silver and was considered worthless
Select THREE criticisms of the doctrine of judicial review.
Judicial review, if left unchecked, may lead to judicial activism. Judicial review is seen as limiting the democratic process by negating the constitutional principle of majority rule. Judicial review places the judiciary in a position of power over the other branches in that it makes the judicial will supreme over the will of the people.
The _____ Supreme Court decision established that notes issued under congressional authority were legal tender for payment of any debt.
Juilliard v. Greenman
The ______ Supreme Court decision struck down the Judiciary Act of 1789 and established the court's right to judicial review.
Marbury v. Madison
Match the areas. Central Intelligence Agency United States Postal Service Federal Communications Commission Department of Defense AMTRAK Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Match the areas. Independent agency Government cooperation Regulatory commission Cabinet-level executive department Government cooperation
Match the descriptions with the court terms. to send a decision back to a lower court with orders to implement it the cases that the chief justice brings before the rest of the Court for consideration special interest groups that file briefs to testify in cases principle that ensures decisions are based on previous decisions legal document sent from a superior court requesting records from a lower court
Match the descriptions with the court terms. remand discuss list amicus curiae stare decisis writ of certiorari
Match the descriptions with the words. talking a bill to death amendment attached to a popular bill that does not necessarily relate to the bill procedure by which a subcommittee revises a bill into a form of which the majority approves passed to limit the length of time debate can occur on a bill a proposal that may eventually become a law
Match the descriptions with the words. a filibuster a rider the mark-up session the cloture rule a bill
Match the descriptions with the words. talking to a bill to death formal charges brought up against a public official for high crimes and misdemeanors amendment attached to a bill likely to pass that does not necessarily relate to the bill legal tender anything that the government backs as money ensures that one branch is not more powerful than another
Match the descriptions with the words. filibuster impeachment rider legal tender separation of powers
Match the descriptions with the words. formal charges brought against a public official for high crimes and misdemeanors anything backed by the government as money excessive no longer operating
Match the descriptions with the words. impeachment legal tender exorbitant defunct
Match the descriptions with the words. former profession of all Supreme Court justices justice explains why she disagreed with a ruling has small percentage of its cases fall under original jurisdiction the least number of justices needed to schedule a case Latin for "let the decision stand" written document in which a justice supports an opinion but not the reasoning behind the decision regular session of the Court informs lower courts as to how other similar cases should be judged and describes how the Court arrived at the decision
Match the descriptions with the words. lawyers dissenting opinion Supreme Court Rule of Four stare decisis concurring opinion October to June majority opinion
Match the descriptions with the words. presented before the Supreme Court by lawyers representing both sides interest groups that file testimonial briefs concerning Supreme Court cases determines whether the Supreme Court will hear a case or not what the Supreme Court does when it sends a decision back to a lower court with orders to implement it the principle that courts use to ensure decisions are in line with previous decisions legal document requesting that an inferior court send records to a higher court
Match the descriptions with the words. oral arguments amicus curiae Rule of Four remand Rule of Four writ of certiorari
Match the presidential roles with the responsibilities. implements and enforces the country's laws represents the United States when meeting foreign ambassadors and heads of state leader of his political party represents the United States as its ceremonial head civilian leader of the military
Match the presidential roles with the responsibilities. Chief Executive Chief Diplomat Chief of the Party Chief of State Commander in Chief
Match the presidential roles with the responsibilities. The President influences the creation of legislation. The President serves as the ceremonial head that represents the United States at public events. The President makes foreign policy and receives foreign ambassadors. The President is responsible for national security. The President oversees the administration of the executive branch and enforcement of U.S. laws. The President speaks on behalf of the people. The President
Match the presidential roles with the responsibilities. Chief legislator Chief of State Chief Diplomat Commander in Chief Chief Executive Popular Leader Chief of the Party
Match the statements with the Supreme Court cases. established that Congress may create legislative/special courts with jurisdiction over areas under Congress' expressed powers established that notes issued by congressional authority were legal tender for payment of debt ensured voters were fairly represented by changing reapportionment laws struck down the Judiciary Act of 1789 and established the right of judicial review
Match the statements with the Supreme Court cases. American Insurance Co. v. Canter Juilliard v. Greenman Baker v. Carr Marbury v. Madison
Match the statements with the answers. includes the Cabinet, independent agencies, government corporations, and regulatory commissions arrangement in which party members selected at grassroots level by voters meet to nominate candidates for public office allows more people to participate in the nomination process regardless of party affiliation a winner-take-all method of voting that might not represent all citizens encourages party loyalty and prevents opposition parties from influencing the nomination process
Match the statements with the answers. federal bureaucracy convention system open primary Electoral College closed primary
Match the statements with the houses of the U.S. Congress. Answers may be used more than once. must be 25 years old to become a member has two-year terms for elected members must live in state in which elected has number of representatives for each state determined by population has staggered terms to ensure stability and continuity
Match the statements with the houses of the U.S. Congress. Answers may be used more than once. House of Representatives House of Representatives Senate House of Representatives Senate
The _____ Supreme Court decision established that the President could remove appointees from office without the approval of Congress.
Myers v. United States
In your own words, give Hamilton's argument for why the judicial branch was the weakest of all of the branches.
Paraphrase the following answer. Answer: I think the Judicial branch is considered to be the weakest of the three branches of government is because it couldn't make laws or generate revenue because it couldn't command anyone to do anything.
______ questions properly belong within the executive or legislative branch, not the judicial branch.
Political
Select THREE ways the electoral process had changed by 1800.
Political parties had assumed the nomination process. Presidential electors pledged to vote along party lines rather than for their personal choice of candidate. Electors automatically cast votes as they had pledged to their political parties.
How had the electoral process changed by 1800?
Political parties had taken over the nomination process, and electors voted along party lines.
Select THREE facts about the Baker v. Carr Supreme Court case.
Tennessee argued that legislative redistricting was a political question that needed to be resolved by the legislative branch. The case changed reapportionment of how people are represented throughout America. Baker argued that residents of his district were not receiving equal protection of the laws.
Why did the Framers institute the Electoral College?
To avoid disorder and regional favoritism by allowing impartial, knowledgeable men to select a President.
Both the federal and state courts have the power of judicial review.
True
Select the TWO presidents who expanded the power of the executive office, turning it into a more activist role in the early 20th century.
Woodrow Wilson Theodore Roosevelt
Select the THREE key tasks of all government agencies.
administration of policy creation of regulations adjudication of rules
The President practices _______ by consulting Congress before making appointments.
advice and consent
The executive branch checks the legislative branch by ____.
all of these
With few exceptions, the Supreme Court's jurisdiction is limited to ______ jurisdiction.
appellate
The executive branch checks the judicial branch by ___.
appointing judges and granting reprieves and pardons
The Twelfth Amendment separated the ______ of the President and vice president.
balloting
Which answer is NOT a way the President may influence others?
choosing which congressmen will lead standing committees
Which task is NOT a task of government agencies?
creation of legislation
How many representatives does each state send to the House of Representatives?
determined by population
The chief justice of the Supreme Court influences the Court's agenda by creating a(n) _______ list.
discuss
The chief justice reduces the number of potential court cases to a __________ for the other justices to consider.
discuss list
Select THREE types of original jurisdiction had by the Supreme Court.
disputes between citizens of different states disputes involving the U.S. government and a state disputes between states
A(n) ____________ opinion explains why a justice disagrees with a Supreme Court decision.
dissenting
A(n) opinion explains why a justice disagrees with a Supreme Court decision.
dissenting
Which courts form the lowest tier of the federal court system?
district/trial courts
Select TWO facts about a bicameral system of government.
divides legislative duties between upper and lower houses provides for equal representation among states and equal representation of its citizens
A(n) ______ is a legally binding presidential directive.
executive order
A(n) _______________ is a legally binding order from the President to an agency under the authority of the executive branch.
executive order
Appointments made to ______ courts are often based on a "who you know" system.
federal
A(n) _______ is an attempt to talk a bill to death in the Senate.
filibuster
The United States Postal Service is an example of a _________.
government corporation
United States Postal Service has 435 members and the power to create taxes to raise revenue each state is represented by two members who serve staggered terms includes the Cabinet, regulatory agencies, independent agencies, and government corporations National Aeronautics and Space Administration has the power to approve treaties Federal Communications Commission has age requirement of 25 and two-year terms Department of Education
government corporation House of Representatives House of Representatives federal bureaucracy independent federal agencies House of Representatives regulatory commission House of Representatives Cabinet-level executive department
This study committee has no authority and is composed of members from both houses of Congress.
joint committee
Justices who practice _____ yield to the actions of other branches unless those actions are blatantly unconstitutional.
judicial restraint
Which judicial power was established by Marbury v. Madison?
judicial review
The ______ branch may create inferior courts to support the Supreme Court.
legislative
Congress may create _____ courts with jurisdiction over areas related to the expressed powers of Congress.
legislative/special
The President is more likely to advance his agenda if his party is the _____ party in both houses of Congress.
majority
The Constitution ____.
makes no mention at all of the ways in which the President is to disperse his power among others
The executive branch checks itself by ___.
none of these
State courts typically are composed of judges nominated by a(n) ______ commission.
nonpartisan
Voters can participate regardless of party affiliation in a(n) __________ primary
open
Holding _____ jurisdiction means that a court has the right to hear a case first.
original
The court first allowed to hear a case has _____ jurisdiction.
original
The court first allowed to hear a case has ________ jurisdiction.
original
The first courts of the state or the federal system to hear a case hold ______ jurisdiction.
original
A(n) ____ is legal forgiveness of a crime.
pardon
The legal forgiveness of a crime is a(n) ___________.
pardon
Lesson 1
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How many representatives are in the House of Representatives?
435
_______ is the traditional consultation the President grants to Congress before making appointments.
Advice and consent
President _____ established the spoils system to reward followers.
Andrew Jackson
Whose Presidency established the spoils system to reward supporters with government jobs?
Andrew Jackson
The best title for the above diagram would be "___________." List of appealed cases and Used by the chief justice to hear cases
Appealed cases to the Supreme Court
Arrange the events in a Supreme Court case in chronological order using the numbers 1-6. Lawyers present oral arguments before the Court. The Rule of Four determines which cases are granted a writ of certiorari. A decision is announced after preparing majority, concurring, and minority opinions. The Court discusses the case in a private conference and takes a preliminary vote. The case is scheduled on the Court's docket. Lawyers for both parties prepare briefs.
Arrange the events in a Supreme Court case in chronological order using the numbers 1-6. 4 1 6 5 2 3
Choose whether each is a qualification for a member of the House of Representatives, a Senator, or for both. must be at least 25 years old must have been a U.S. citizen for at least nine years must live in the state from which he or she is elected must be at least 30 years old must have been a U.S. citizen for at least seven years serve six-year terms serve two-year terms
Choose whether each is a qualification for a member of the House of Representatives, a Senator, or for both. House of Representatives Senator Both Senator House of Representatives Senator House of Representatives
The President may make a(n) _____ to temporarily fill a position when Congress is not in session.
recess appointment
An unrelated amendment attached to a bill is a(n) ______.
rider
______ is a traditional power allowing the President to keep certain information from others.
secretary of labor
Select the FOUR executive positions created in 1789 to form the first Cabinet.
secretary of state secretary of the treasury secretary of war attorney general
What is the maximum amount of time a bill can be debated in the House?
several hours
Legislative, or ______, courts have jurisdiction over cases involving the expressed powers of Congress.
special
The first stop for a new bill under consideration is a ____ committee.
standing
This principle of _______ ensures that prior court precedents guide court decisions.
stare decisis
Today, the federal laws of the United States are interpreted ______ .
through the federal judiciary
What is the maximum amount of time a bill can be debated in the Senate?
unlimited
Select TWO ways the President might exert pressure on Congress based on his relationship with the public.
use diplomacy and persuasion to form coalitions to advance his agenda works to gain approval from the same public that elects members of Congress
Select THREE ways the President might persuade other groups.
veto power executive orders influence public perceptions by developing a positive public image
Choose which congressional office is being described by the chart. votes only in a case of a tie presides over the Senate as ceremonial head
vice president of the United States
Which statement is NOT a way that Congress limits presidential power?
Executive orders must be approved by both houses of Congress.
Which congressional committee is the most influential in the legislative process?
House Rules Committee
When is the outcome of the presidential election actually determined?
when the Electoral College meets in December
Select TWO reasons the courts attempt to avoid cases involving the kind of question mentioned in the previous question.
The courts attempt to remain neutral in political disputes. The power of other branches gives them the responsibility to resolve the dispute.
How do independent agencies differ from the Cabinet in authority?
They report directly to the President, not an executive department.
A(n) __________ is an order to a lower court to implement a higher court's decision.
remand
A postponement of carrying out a sentence is a(n) ___________.
reprieve
A postponement of carrying out a sentence is called a(n) ___________.
reprieve
A postponement of the carrying out of a sentence is a(n) ____.
reprieve
Select TWO ways the seniority rule is used in committee appointments.
rewards high ranking members with important appointments assigns members who have long records of service to special posts
which position was NOT part of the first Cabinet in 1789?
secretary of homeland security
The principle of ____ ensures that one branch of government does not become more powerful than the others.
separation of powers
Lesson 10
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Lesson 2
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Lesson 9
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Practice Test
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Quiz 1
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Quiz 2
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Quiz 3
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Unit Test
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lesson 7
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Oral arguments presented by lawyers on both sides before the Supreme Court typically last ___________.
1 hour
How many senators are currently in the Senate?
100
How many senators does each state send to the Senate?
2
How many electoral votes must a candidate receive to declare victory?
270
Select THREE facts about the Missouri Plan.
A nonpartisan commission composed of lawyers, a judge, and citizens nominates judges. The plan is intended to reduce partisan politics in selecting state judges. A governor appoints a judge from a pool of nominees.
How did the Constitution originally apportion House seats in Congress?
A state received one representative for every 30,000 citizens.
_______ occurs when an industry business influences regulatory agency employees to work in the interest of the business.
Agency capture
Which statement is NOT a reason the Framers chose to institute the Electoral College process for electing a President instead of a direct popular vote?
Allowing only electors to vote would make Election Day easier to plan and organize.
Congress has the right to establish courts to exercise jurisdiction over subjects that fall within its expressed right, according to the ______ decision.
American insurance Co. v. Canter
Why is agency capture a problem for regulatory commissions?
An industry business might be able to influence agency employees to rule in its interest.
Arrange the events for how a bill becomes a law through the House of Representatives in chronological order using the numbers 1-9. 6 [3] 1 7 [5] [2] [4] [8] [9]
Arrange the events for how a bill becomes a law through the House of Representatives in chronological order using the numbers 1-9. The House Rules Committee determines whether the bill will be debated and for how long the debate will last. The bill is referred to a subcommittee to be marked up. The bill is proposed by a member of the House of Representatives. The House debates the bill. When the House and Senate disagree, the bill is sent to a conference committee. The bill is first referred to a full standing committee. The bill is returned back to a full standing committee. The bill is sent to the President for his signature. The bill is assigned a number by the clerk.
Arrange the events of passing a bill in chronological order using the numbers 1-6. The bill is referred to a subcommittee to be marked up. The bill is sent to a conference committee to work out differences between the Senate and House. The House Rules Committee allows the bill to be debated on the House floor. The bill is referred to a full standing committee. The bill is sent to the President for his signature The bill is proposed by a member of the House of Representatives and assigned a number by the clerk
Arrange the events of passing a bill in chronological order using the numbers 1-6. 5 4 3 2 6 1
Arrange the order of presidential succession using the numbers 1-5. Speaker of the House Cabinet members in the order that their department was created president pro tempore secretary of state vice president
Arrange the order of presidential succession using the numbers 1-5. 2 5 3 4 1
Arrange the order of presidential succession using the numbers 1-5. other Cabinet heads secretary of state president pro tempore Speaker of the House vice president
Arrange the order of presidential succession using the numbers 1-5. 5 4 3 2 1
Arrange the steps that a case takes in moving through the Supreme Court in chronological order using the numbers 1-10. the majority, concurring, and dissenting opinions showing disagreement are written before the decision is announced. The writ of certiorari is given, allowing the case to proceed. An amicus curiae is requested The case is placed on Court docket's schedule. The decision is sent to lower courts for implementation. The Rule of Four is invoked The parties prepare briefs. The justices discuss the case and take a preliminary vote. The Court moves into private conference to discuss the case. The Court hears oral arguments by lawyers.
Arrange the steps that a case takes in moving through the Supreme Court in chronological order using the numbers 1-10. 9 1 5 3 10 2 4 8 7 6
Which constitutional article enumerates 27 congressional powers?
Article I
______ of the Constitution enumerates 27 congressional powers.
Article I, Section 8
The ______ decision changed reapportionment to ensure voters in every district have equal protection of the laws.
Baker v. Carr
Which bureaucratic group has the most political prestige?
Cabinet departments
The Department of Labor is an example of a _______.
Cabinet-level executive department
Choose whether the Constitution grants the House of Representatives the power, the Senate the power, or if the Constitution grants the power to Both. power to change the size of the Supreme Court power to impeach power to approve treaties power to try impeachments power to elect the president when there is no majority power to override presidential vetoes power to approve executive appointments power to pass bills into law power to originate bills to raise revenue and levy taxes
Choose whether the Constitution grants the House of Representatives the power, the Senate the power, or if the Constitution grants the power to Both. Both House of Representatives Senate Senate House of Representatives Both Senate Both House of Representatives
Select TWO ways that the legislative courts and constitutional courts differ from one another.
Circuit courts have constitutional authority; territorial courts have legislative authority through Congress' power to make rules and regulations with respect to U.S. territory. Special courts are inferior and receive their power from the legislature; constitutional courts are superior and receive their power from the Constitution.
_________ is a three-fifths vote to end a filibuster in the Senate.
Cloture
___________ provides a way for the Senate to work around a filibuster
Cloture
As __________, the President is the civilian leader of the U.S. military.
Commander in Chief
The Constitution gives the power to declare war to _______.
Congress
To whom does the Constitution give the power to declare war?
Congress
What did the Supreme Court decision in the case American Insurance Co. v. Canter establish about the judicial system?
Congress had the right to create legislative courts to exercise jurisdiction over cases that specifically dealt with subjects that fell within Congress' expressed powers.
Select THREE limitations placed on Congress related to the Commerce Clause.
Congress may not show favoritism for ports in one state over ports in other states. Congress is prohibited from placing taxes on exports. Congress may not require duties from vessels leaving one state and entering another.
Select FOUR ways that the President's power is limited by the will of Congress.
Congress must confirm executive appointments. A two-thirds majority of the Senate must approve treaties signed by the President. Congress may override a veto by a two-thirds vote. The President works with Congress in sharing responsibility for the military.
______ is a traditional power allowing the President to keep certain information from others.
Executive privilege
Judicial activism results from a narrow interpretation of the Constitution.
False
Choose which congressional office is being described by the chart. Third-ranking position in the House Works with Speaker, informing leadership how many members will likely vote
House majority whip
Choose which congressional office is being described by the chart. Encourages House minority party to come up with strategies to block majority legislation Attempts to get votes from the majority party
House minority leader
A member of the _____ must be at least 25 years of age and serves a two-year term.
House of Representatives
Only the ______ holds the power to impeach Supreme Court justices.
House of Representatives
The 435 members of the _________ have the constitutional power to raise revenue through taxation.
House of Representatives
The __________ Supreme Court decision established that Congress could issue notes that are legal tender for payment of debt.
Juilliard v. Greenman
This Supreme Court case established the right if judicial review by striking down the Judiciary Act of 1789.
Marbury v. Madison
Match the areas. Department of Commerce attorney general Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation National Aeronautics and Space Administration Occupational Safety and Health Administration Food and Drug Administration
Match the areas. Cabinet-level department Cabinet-level department Government cooperation Independent agency Regulatory commission Regulatory commission
Match the descriptions with the words. This traditional power allows the President to withhold certain information. This principle requires approval by a certain number of Supreme Court justices in order for a case to be considered. This winner-take-all method of voting is decided by the House of Representatives in case of a tie. A lower court is ordered to implement a higher court's decision. This method is selecting candidates fosters party loyalty and prevents members of other parties from influencing the nomination process. The chief justice whitties down the number of potential court cases. This method of nominating candidates allows more people to participate regardless of party affiliation. A "friend of the court" submits a testimonial brief on behalf of a party in a Supreme Court case. This principle ensures that current case decisions are made in line with past court precedents.
Match the descriptions with the words. executive privilege Rule of Four Electoral College remand closed primary discuss list open primary amicus curiae stare decisis
Match the descriptions with the words. Answers will be used more than once. confirmed by the U.S. Senate oversee special courts created by Congress serve a specific number of terms set by state constitutions can be removed through impeachment according to the Constitution lifetime appointments appointment usually based on merit system appointments made by nonpartisan commission exercise jurisdiction over cases that involve Congress' expressed powers have salaries equivalent to congressional salaries may be removed by recall or judicial disciplinary commission appointments based on a vestige of the spoils system
Match the descriptions with the words. Answers will be used more than once. federal judges legislative judges state judges federal judges federal judges state judges state judges legislative judges federal judges state judges federal judges
Match the statements with the congressional officers. Answers may be used more than once. appointment based on seniority; serves when vice president is unable to serve works with the Speaker and majority leader to schedule debates on important issues is also the vice president of the United States third-ranking member in the House informs the Speaker how members will vote presiding officer of the Senate from day to day most powerful office in the House; refers legislation; represents the majority leading member of the minority party in the Senate leading member of the minority party in the House; attempts to block majority legislation assists the majority/minority leaders of the Senate becomes President if President dies leading member of the majority party in the Senate succeeds vice president in line of succession to the Presidency ceremonial head of the Senate who votes only when needed to break a tie speaks for the majority party on the floor of the House
Match the statements with the congressional officers. Answers may be used more than once. president pro tempore [Senate majority leader] president of the Senate House majority whip [vice president of the United States] Speaker of the House Senate minority leader House minority leader Senate majority/minority leader vice president of the United States [Senate minority leader] Speaker of the House vice president of the United States House majority leader
Match the statements with the houses of the U.S. Congress. Answers may be used more than once. has equal representation in all states, with two representatives from each state serving staggered terms has constitutional power to approve treaties has constitutional power to raise revenue through taxation Senate has six-year terms for elected members has 435 members must be a citizen for at least nine years to become a member
Match the statements with the houses of the U.S. Congress. Answers may be used more than once. Senate House of Representatives House of Representatives Senate House of Representatives Senate
Match the statements with the presidential powers granted by the Constitution. This constitutional power was intended to be a mere formality but evolved over time into a presidential foreign policy tool. This constitutional power gives the President the ability to assemble Congress at times he feels are necessary in the conducting of the nation's business. The responsibility for the military is shared between the executive and legislative branches. This constitutional power allows the President to seek assistance in administering his duties as the Chief Executive.
Match the statements with the presidential powers granted by the Constitution. power to receive ambass... power to convene session... power as Commander in... power to make appointment
Match the statements with the words. (DA = Disadvantage, ADV = Advantage) This nominating process became corrupted by party leaders who closed the process to the public. This election process allows indirect representation of all voters. This nominating process reduces the chance of one political party voting for a weaker candidate of another party, and also encourages party loyalty. This election process may not represent all of the people in its winner-take-all method of voting. This nominating tool allows more people to participate in the election process at the local level regardless of party affiliation. This nominating tool enabled representation from the local grassroots level to the national convention.
Match the statements with the words. (DA = Disadvantage, ADV = Advantage) DA of a congressional caucus ADV of the Electoral College ADV of a closed primary DA of the Electoral College ADV of an open primary ADV of the convention system of nomination
Match the words with the descriptions. tradition giving the President the right to withhold information from others President's role ensuring that the law is faithfully executed practice where President consults with Congress before making appointments authorized President to remove others from office without congressional approval nomination of a position without congressional approval while Congress is not in session failure to sign a bill within ten days after Congress has adjourned power to forgive or postpone a sentence presidential directive that is legally binding
Match the words with the descriptions. executive privilege [executive orders] advice and consent Myers v. United States recess appointments [pocket veto] [recess appointments] [pardon or reprieve]
According to the ______ Plan, a nonpartisan commission of lawyers, citizens, and a judge nominate lawyers.
Missouri
Describe how gerrymandering can be used to influence the election of representatives to Congress.
NOTE: Paraphrase the following answer. Answer: Gerrymandering is the purposeful redrawing of a district's boundaries in order to influence election results. A majority party can use redistricting to disperse minority party strength across many districts, or it might concentrate votes in a few districts to earn more House seats.
Could a President pardon a convicted murderer under Texas state law?
NOTE: Paraphrase the following answer. Answer: Only federal crimes, not state crimes, can be pardoned by the president. The governor of Texas can only pardon crimes in the state of Texas.
Match the bureaucratic government agencies with the descriptions. an independent agency reporting directly to the President a government-owned company that sells services or products to the public a regulatory commission promoting the public interest by regulating private industry a Cabinet-level executive department
National Aeronautics & Space Administration United States Postal Service Food and Drug Administration Department of Defense
Select TWO ways political parties now influence the election process.
Nominations are made by the political parties. Electors are pledged according to party lines.
third in line to succeed the President a powerful politician who represents the majority party in the House, refers legislation to committees, and makes appointments includes the Cabinet, regulatory agencies, independent agencies, and government corporations created by the Framers to empower impartial, knowledgeable men to select a President in order to avoid disorder the traditional consultation the President grants to Congress before making appointments a legally binding order from the President to an agency under his authority The President's title as the civilian leader of the U.S. military
President Pro Tempore Speaker of the House federal bureaucracy Electoral College advice and consent executive order Commander in Chief
Which of the following would be the best title for the above diagram? appointment power budget-making power reorganizational power executive order
Presidential Influence Over Federal Bureaucracy
Why does the popularity of Presidents tend to decline over time?
Presidents are inevitably unable to keep promises and eventually make decisions that do not meet some voters' expectations.
____ are much smaller than executive departments in size.
Regulatory committee
Meeting the _______ allows a case to be decided by the Supreme Court.
Rule of Four
Each state is represented in the ________ by two members who serve staggered terms.
Senate
The Constitution gives the ________ the power to approve treaties.
Senate
Why did the Framers create one body with members serving two-year terms while the other body features six-year terms?
Shorter terms give the populace the opportunity to change elected officials who fail to meet their expectations; longer terms allow for continuity in policymaking.
Choose which congressional office is being described by the chart. Is in a position to know what is happening in Congress Represents majority party in House Refers legislation to committees, makes appointments
Speaker of the House
The ______ is a powerful politician who represents the majority party in the House, makes appointments, and refers legislative to committees.
Speaker of the House
Who is in the line of succession if something happens to both the President and the vice president?
Speaker of the House
Why is a House bill sent to the Rules Committee?
The Committee sifts through thousands of bills to determine which ones will be presented on the House floor.
Select TWO facts about the Constitution and the military.
The Constitution places the President over the military, making him the Commander in Chief. The legislative branch has the power to decide when the United States will go to war.
Select THREE reasons why the Framers felt that a direct popular vote would not work.
The Framers feared the people would only vote for the candidate of their particular region. The Framers feared it would be too disorderly for the new nation. Travel and communication were limited, making it difficult for people to learn about the candidates and vote for them.
Select FOUR reasons Congress has been called the People's Branch.
The Framers wanted a republic accountable to the people. Lawmakers are elected by the people to represent their views. The people have direct access to the lawmakers making the policies. Public policy is created by elected officials who represent the will of the people.
The best title for the diagram would be ______. Prohibiting civil employees from participating in partisan politics eliminating patronage Prohibiting civil service employees from soliciting public contributions
The Hatch Act of 1939
What happens if there is no majority winner in a presidential election?
The House of Representatives elects the President, the Senate the vice president.
Select TWO ways the Twelfth Amendment changed the way the President is selected.
The House will elect the President, and the Senate will elect the vice president, should there be no majority candidate. It separated the balloting of the President and vice president.
Select THREE advantages for the majority party in selecting the Speaker of the House.
The Speaker appoints all members of the Rules Committee. The Speaker refers legislation to various committees and can schedule legislative debates. The Speaker can make appointments to committees that determine the fate of bills.
Evaluate the diagram and answer the question below. Limits the President's power to declare war Shares war powers between two branches Allows Congress to exercise its war powers
War Powers Resolution
Why does a majority party enjoy a huge advantage in Congress?
[The President is compelled to follow the lead of the majority party.]
Choose which congressional office is being described by the chart. Most important position in Senate Spokesman for the majority party
[president pro tempore]
Fill in the flowchart showing how the federal court system and the state court system parallel each other in a three-tiered court system from the highest to lowest tier.
a. state supreme (high) court b. state appellate court c. trial courts d. U.S. Supreme Court e. circuit (appellate) court f. district courts (trial courts)
Judicial ______ results from a broad view of the Constitution.
activism
A(n) __________ primary fosters party loyalty and prevents the nomination process from being influenced by members of opposing parties.
closed
A justice explains another reason for supporting a Supreme Court decision when writing a(n) ________ opinion.
concurring
Supreme Court justices who support a decision but for different reasons than the majority may write a(n) ______ opinion.
concurring
A ____ is a temporary committee that works out a compromise when the House and the Senate disagree on a bill.
conference committee
Which answer is NOT a case in which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction?
disputes involving a citizen of a state and his state government
A(n) ______ opinion is written by a justice who does not agree with the Court's decision.
dissenting
The ______ opinion explains how the Supreme Court arrived at a decision.
majority
The ________ opinion explains why the Supreme Court reached its decision.
majority
The Supreme Court explains a decision with a(n) ____________.
majority opinion
A(n) ___________ veto occurs when the President fails to sign a bill within ten days while Congress is in recess.
A(n) _________ occurs when the President fails to sign a bill after ten days while Congress has adjourned.
pocket veto
A(n) _________ occurs when the President fails to sign a bill within ten days while Congress is in recess
pocket veto
_____ questions are those questions the Constitution makes the executive or legislative branches responsible for resolving.
political
Select THREE typical reasons why Supreme Court justices have difficulties reaching decisions.
political beliefs their past experiences judicial philosophy
The President is allowed executive ________ to withhold certain information.
privilege
The Federal Aviation Administration is an example of a ___________.
regulatory commission
A(n) ________ is the postponement of carrying out a sentence.
reprieve
A ____ is a temporary committee that oversees the implementation of congressional policies.
special committee
A new bill in the legislature is first assigned to a _________ committee
standing
A ____ is one of 27 permanent committees that conducts hearings and investigations.
standing committee
The House Rules Committee, an example of a ____, is the most influential committee.
standing committee
The first stop for a new bill in either legislative house is a(n) _________.
standing committee
To which type of committee is a newly introduced bill sent?
standing committee
Which four groups form the federal bureaucracy?
the Cabinet, the regulatory commissions, independent agencies, and government corporations
If the Electoral College does not determine a winner, then ______.
the House of Representatives elects the President and the Senate selects the vice president
A(n) _______________ is a "friend of the court" who submits a testimonial brief to the Supreme Court.
amicus curiae
Why is a bill sent to a subcommittee?
The subcommittees hold hearings and gather information.
