>>>Muscles - Origin, Insertion, Action
**Quadratus Lumborum - Insertion (2)
**12th rib, Lumbar vertebrae 1-4 - transverse processes
**Transverse Abdominis - Insertion
**Abdominal Aponeurosis**, linea alba, pubis
**Brachialis - Insertion (2)
**Tuberosity of ulna, and Coronoid process of ulna
*Subclavius - Origin
1st rib costocartilage junction
Scalenes - Insertion Anterior, Middle, Posterior
1st rib. Posterior Scalene: 1st and 2nd rib.
*Pectoralis Minor - Action (4)
Abduction (Protraction), *Depression, Medial (downward) rotation, Anterior tilt of scapula*
**Serratus Anterior - Action (4)
Abduction (protraction), *Lateral (upward) rotation of scapula, Stabilizes scapula against chest wall, Depression of scapula* (lower fibers).
Gluteus Medius - Action (Gluteal Group)
Abduction of femur and Medial rotation of femur
Gluteus Minimus - Action (Gluteal Group)
Abduction of femur and Medial rotation of femur
Middle Deltoid - Action
Abduction of humerus
**Supraspinatus - Action
Abduction, **Stabilize head of humerus**
Middle Deltoid - Origin
Acromion of scapula - lateral surface
**Rhomboids Major - Action (2)
Adduction (retraction), *Medial (Downward) rotation of scapula*
Rhomboids Minor - Action (2)
Adduction (retraction), Medial (downward) rotation of scapula
Adductor Magnus - Action (Adductors Group)
Adduction of femur
Gracilis - Adduction (Adductors Group)
Adduction of femur
Adductor Brevis - Action (Adductors Group)
Adduction of femur, Assists flexion of femur
Adductor Longus - Action (Adductors Group)
Adduction of femur, Assists flexion of femur
**Pectoralis Major - Action
Adduction, *Horizontal adduction, Medial rotation of humerus. Clavicular head: Flexion of humerus.* Sternocostal head: Extension of humerus.
Tensor Fascia Lata - Action
Ambulation = Walking
Scalenes - Action Anterior, Middle, Posterior
Anterior Scalene: Flexion of head. Middle Scalene: Lateral flexion of neck, Elevation of 1st rib in forced inspiration. Posterior Scalene: Lateral flexion of neck, Elevation of 2nd rib in forced inspiration.
Fibularis Tertius (Peroneus Tertius) - Origin (Peroneus brothers)
Anterior distal fibula
*Adductor Magnus - Insertion (Adductors Group)
Anterior head: Linea aspera of femur, *Posterior head; Adductor tubercle of femur.*
*Adductor Magnus - Origin (Adductors Group)
Anterior head: Pubis, *Posterior head: Ischial tuberosity*
Rectus Femoris - Origin (Quadriceps Femoris Group)
Anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium at upper rim of acetabulum.
*Adductor Brevis - Origin (Adductors Group)
Anterior pubis
Sartorius- Origin
Anterior superior iliac spine
Pectoralis Minor - Origin
Anterior surface of Ribs 3, 4, 5 near costal cartilages
**Scalenes - Insertion
Anterior- 1st rib Middle- 1st rib Posterior- 1st and 2nd rib
**Scalenes - Action
Anterior- Flexion of head Middle- Lateral flexion of neck, elevation of 1st rib Posterior- Lateral flexion of neck, elevation of 2nd rib
Fibularis Tertius (Peroneus Tertius) - Insertion (Peroneus brothers)
Base of 5th metatarsal
Fibularis Longus (Peroneus Longus) - Insertion (Peroneus brothers)
Base of first metatarsal - plantar surface
Intercostals - Insertion
Between adjacent ribs
Intercostals - Origin
Between adjacent ribs
Latissimus Dorsi - Insertion
Bicipital (intertubercular) groove of humerus
Sternocleidomastoid (aka SCM) - Action
Bilaterally: Flexion of neck. Unilaterally: Lateral flexion of neck to same side.
Internal oblique - Action
Bilaterally: Flexion of trunk. Unilaterally: Lateral flexion of trunk, and Rotation of trunk to SAME side.
*External oblique - Action
Bilaterally: Flexion of trunk. Unilaterally: Lateral flexion of trunk. and Rotation of trunk to *OPPOSITE side.*
Levator Scapula - Origin
C1-C4 (transverse processes)
Rhomboids Minor - Origin
C7 and T1 (spinous processes)
Middle Trapezius - Origin
C7-T5 spinous processes
Gastrocnemius - Insertion
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (Achilles)
Soleus - Insertion
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (Achilles)
Diaphragm - Insertion
Central tendon of diaphragm
Pectoralis Major - Origin (2)
Clavicular head: medial half of clavicle. Sternocostal head: sternum
Orbicularis occuli - Action (for occuli think EYE)
Closes eyelid
Transverse Abdominis - Action
Compression and support of abdominal viscera
Coracobrachialis - Origin
Coracoid process of scapula
Pectoralis Minor - Insertion
Coracoid process of scapula (medial border of superior surface)
Anterior Deltoid - Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Middle Deltoid - Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Posterior Deltoid - Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
*Subclavius - Action
Depresses clavicle, and Stabilize sternoclavicular joint.
Lower Trapezius - Action (2)
Depression, Upward Rotation of scapula
Anterior Tibialis - Action
Dorsiflexion of ankle, inversion of foot
Suprahyoids - Action
Elevation of hyoid bone in swallowing
Intercostals - Action
Elevation of ribs in inspiration (when inhaling)
Levator Scapula - Action (2)
Elevation, Medial (Downward) rotation of scapula
Upper Trapezius - Action (2)
Elevation, Upward Rotation of scapula
Fibularis Longus (Peroneus Longus) - Action (Peroneus brothers)
Eversion of foot, helps plantarflexion of ankle
Fibularis Tertius (Peroneus Tertius) - Action (Peroneus brothers)
Eversion of foot, helps with dorsiflexion of foot
Triceps Brachii - Action
Extension of elbow, Extension of humerus
Gluteus Maximus - Action (Gluteal Group)
Extension of femur and Lateral rotation of extended hip
Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus - Action (Hamstring Group)
Extension of femur, Flexion of knee, and Medial rotation of tibia when knee's flexed.
Vastus Medialis/Lateralis/Intermedius - Action (Quadriceps Femoris Group)
Extension of knee
Rectus Femoris - Action (Quadriceps Femoris Group)
Extension of knee, and helps flexion of femur
Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis - Action
Extension of neck and more!
Teres Major - Action (3)
Extension, Medial rotation, Adduction of humerus
**Latissimus Dorsi - Action (5)
Extension, Medial rotation, Adduction of humerus, **Medial (**Downward) rotation of scapula. Helps with Depression of scapula**
Posterior Deltoid - Action (2)
Extension, and Lateral rotation
Orbicularis occuli - Insertion (for occuli think EYE)
Eyelid
*Diaphragm - Origin
First 3 Lumbar vertebrae (L1-L3), Lower 6 costal cartilages, Xiphoid process of sternum
Diaphragm - Action
Flattening of central tendon
Brachialis - Action
Flexion of elbow
Brachioradialis - Action
Flexion of elbow with forearm in mid-position (halfway between supination and pronation).
Biceps Brachii - Action (3)
Flexion of elbow, Supination of forearm. Short head: Flexion of humerus
Pectineus - Action (Adductors Group)
Flexion of femur, Adduction of femur
**Psoas Major and iliacus (Iliopsoas) - Action (2)
Flexion of femur, flexion of trunk - lumbar spine
Biceps Femoris - Action (Hamstring Group)
Flexion of knee, Lateral rotation of tibia when knee's flexed. Long head's Action: Extension of femur.
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) - Action
Flexion of neck, Lateral flexion of neck to same side.
Rectus Abdominis - Action
Flexion of trunk
**Coracobrachialis - Action (2)
Flexion, Adduction of humerus
Anterior Deltoid - Action (3)
Flexion, horizontal adduction, medial rotation of humerus.
Gluteus Maximus - Insertion (Gluteal Group)
Gluteal tuberosity of femur and Iliotibial tract (attaching to lateral condyle of tibia)
Gluteus Medius - Insertion (Gluteal Group)
Greater trochanter of femur
Gluteus Minimus - Insertion (Gluteal Group)
Greater trochanter of femur
Insertion of the Deep Six? Piriformis, Gemellus superior, Gemellus inferior, Obturator internus, Obturator externus, Quadratus femoris
Greater trochanter of femur (but not for the Obturator externus and Quatratus femoris)
Teres Minor - Insertion
Greater tubercle of humerus (inferior facet)
Infraspinatus - Insertion
Greater tubercle of humerus (middle facet)
Supraspinatus - Insertion
Greater tubercle of humerus (superior facet)
Biceps Femoris - Origin (Hamstring Group)
Has 2 heads. Long head: Ischial tuberosity. Short head: Linea aspera.
Sternocleidomastoid (aka SCM) - Origin
Has 2 heads. Sternal head: Manubrium of sternum. Clavicular head: Medial clavicle.
Fibularis Longus (Peroneus Longus) - Origin (Peroneus brothers)
Head and lateral shaft of fibula - upper 2/3
Biceps Femoris - Insertion (Hamstring Group)
Head of fibula and Lateral condyle of tibia
Anconeus - Action
Helps extension of elbow.
Sartorius- Action
Helps with flexion of femur, abduction of femur, lateral rotation of femur, flexion of knee and medial rotation of tibia when knee's flexed.
Suprahyoids - Insertion
Hyoid bone
Tensor Fascia Lata - Origin
Iliac crest - posterior to anterior superior iliac spine
Quadratus Lumborum - Origin
Iliac crest of ilium
Gluteus Medius - Origin (Gluteal Group)
Iliac crest of ilium, Ilium - between posterior (superior) and anterior (middle) gluteal lines.
Tensor Fascia Lata - Insertion
Iliotibial tract - attaches to the lateral condyle of tibia
Teres Major - Origin
Inferior angle of scapula, Lower third of axillary border of scapula
*Subclavius - Insertion
Inferior shaft of clavicle
Infraspinatus - Origin
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
Transverse Abdominis - Origin
Inguinal ligament, Iliac crest, Thoracolumbar Aponeurosis, ribs 7-12 (costal cartilage)
Internal oblique - Origin
Inguinal ligament, iliac crest
Posterior Tibialis - Action
Inversion of foot, helps plantarflexion
Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus - Origin (Hamstring Group)
Ischial tuberosity
Anterior Tibialis - Origin
Lateral condyle of tibia, lateral shaft of tibia, Interosseus membrane
**Anconeus - Origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus.
Pectoralis Major - Insertion
Lateral lip of bicipital (intertubercular) groove of humerus
Upper Trapezius - Insertion (2)
Lateral one third of clavicle, and Acromion
Action of the Deep Six? Piriformis, Gemellus superior, Gemellus inferior, Obturator internus, Obturator externus, Quadratus femoris
Lateral rotation of femur
Infraspinatus - Action (2)
Lateral rotation, Extension of humerus
Teres Minor - Action
Lateral rotation, Extension of humerus
**Brachioradialis - Origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
**Serratus Anterior - Origin
Lateral surface of upper 8 ribs (by finger-like slips)
Anterior Deltoid - Origin
Lateral third of clavicle
*Pectineus - Insertion (Adductors Group)
Lesser trochanter
**Psoas Major and iliacus (Iliopsoas) - Insertion
Lesser trochanter of femur
Subscapularis - Insertion
Lesser tubercle of humerus
External oblique - Insertion
Linea alba, Pubis
*Adductor Longus - Insertion (Adductors Group)
Linea aspera of femur - middle
Adductor Brevis - Insertion (Adductors Group)
Linea aspera of femur - proximal
External Intercostal - Where is this muscle?
Located from anterior RIBS around thorax to posterior ribs.
*Internal Intercostal - Where is this muscle?
Located from anterior STERNUM around thorax to posterior ribs.
**Triceps Brachii - Origin
Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Lateral head: Posterior humerus above spiral groove. Medial head: Posterior humerus below spiral groove
Internal oblique - Insertion
Lower 4 ribs (Ribs 9-12)
External oblique - Origin
Lower 8 ribs (Ribs 5-12)
Brachialis - Origin
Lower half of anterior shaft of humerus
Suprahyoids - Origin
Mandible, Mastoid process of temporal bone
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) - Origin
Manubrium of sternum, Medial clavicle
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) - Insertion
Mastoid process of temporal bone
Sternocleidomastoid (aka SCM) - Insertion
Mastoid process of temporal bone
Gastrocnemius - Origin
Medial head: Medial epicondyle of femur, Lateral head: Lateral epidonyle of femur
Teres Major - Insertion
Medial lip of Bicipital Groove of humerus
Subscapularis - Action
Medial rotation, Adduction of humerus
*Gracilis - Insertion (Adductors Group)
Medial tibia
Coracobrachialis - Insertion
Middle 1/3 of MEDIAL surface of humeral shaft
Posterior Tibialis - Insertion
Navicular tarsal bone
Upper Trapezius - Origin (2)
Occiput, Ligamentum nuchae (of cervical spine)
Anconeus - Insertion
Olecranon process and upper posterior surface of ulna.
Triceps Brachii - Insertion
Olecranon process of ulna
Orbicularis occuli - Origin (for occuli think EYE)
Orbital margin
Vastus Medialis/Lateralis/Intermedius - Origin (Quadriceps Femoris Group)
Origin of Vastus medialis/lateralis- linea aspera of femur Origin of Vastus intermedius- Anterior and lateral femoral shaft
Rectus Femoris - Insertion (Quadriceps Femoris Group)
Patella and Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Vastus Medialis/Lateralis/Intermedius - Insertion (Quadriceps Femoris Group)
Patella, Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
List the Six Deep Lateral Rotators of Femur (aka Deep Six)
Piriformis, Gemellus superior, Gemellus inferior, Obturator internus, Obturator externus, Quadratus femoris
What's the origin of the Deep Six? Piriformis, Gemellus superior, Gemellus inferior, Obturator internus, Obturator externus, Quadratus femoris
Piriformis: Anterior sacrum, sacral ligament Gemellus superior: Ischial spine Gemellus inferior: Ischial tuberosity Obturator internus: Obturator foramen Obturator externus: Obturator foramen Quadratus femoris: Ischial tuberosity
Soleus - Action
Plantarflexion of ankle
Gastrocnemius - Action
Plantarflexion of ankle, Assists flexion of knee
Gluteus Minimus - Origin (Gluteal Group)
Posterior illium- between anterior (middle and inferior Gluteal Lines)
Gluteus Maximus - Origin (Gluteal Group)
Posterior sacrum, Ilium, Poster superior gluteal line of ilium
Posterior Tibialis - Origin
Posterior tibia, Posterior fibula, Interosseus Membrane
**Psoas Major and iliacus (Iliopsoas) - Origin
Psoas major: L1-L5 - transverse processes. Iliacus: Iliac fossa of ilium.
*Adductor Longus - Origin (Adductors Group)
Pubic crest
*Rectus Abdominis - Origin
Pubic symphysis
*Gracilis - Origin (Adductors Group)
Pubis
*Pectineus - Origin (Adductors Group)
Pubis
Middle Trapezius - Action
Pulls Scapula Medially (Adduction/Retraction)
*Rectus Abdominis - Insertion (2)
Ribs 5, 6, 7 - costal cartilages and Xiphoid process.
Rhomboids Minor - Insertion
Root of spine of scapula
Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus - Insertion (Hamstring Group)
Semitendinosus: Anterior proximal tibial shaft. Semimembranosus: Posterior medial condyle of tibia
**Biceps Brachii - Origin (2)
Short head: Coracoid process of scapula. Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
Soleus - Origin
Soleal line of tibia
Lower Trapezius - Insertion
Spine of scapula
Middle Trapezius - Insertion
Spine of scapula
Posterior Deltoid - Origin
Spine of scapula
Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis - Origin
Splenius Capitis: Ligamentum nuchae, and C7-T3 vertebrae spinous processes Splenius Cervicis: T3-T6 vertebrae
Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis - Insertion
Splenius Capitis: mastoid process and occipital bone Splenius Cervicis: C1-C3 vertebrae - transverse processes
**Quadratus Lumborum - Action (2)
Stabilize 12th rib, Lateral flexion of trunk to same side
Brachioradialis - Insertion
Styloid process of radius
Subscapularis - Origin
Subscapular fossa of scapula
Supraspinatus - Origin
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Rhomboids Major - Origin
T2-T5 (spinous processes)
Lower Trapezius - Origin
T5-T12 spinous processes
Latissimus Dorsi - Origin
Thoracolumbar aponeurosis
Scalenes - Origin
Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (C2-C7). Breakdown below Anterior- C3-C6 Middle- C2-C7 Posterior- C4-C6
Scalenes - Origin Anterior, Middle, Posterior
Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae. Middle Scalene: C2-C7
Biceps Brachii - Insertion
Tuberosity of radius
Teres Minor - Origin
Upper 2/3 of axillary border of scapula
Sartorius- Insertion
Upper medial shaft of tibia
Serratus Anterior - Insertion
Vertebral border of scapula - anterior surface
Rhomboids Major - Insertion
Vertebral border of scapula from root of spine to inferior angle
**Levator Scapula - Insertion
Vertebral border of scapula from superior angle to root of spine
**Anterior Tibialis - Insertion
base of 1st metatarsal- plantar surface
Buccinator - what's the action?
chews
Masseter - Action
closure of lips and protruding lips (kissing)
Orbicularis Oris - Action (think Oreo goes in mouth)
elevation and protrusion of mandible
Orbicularis Oris - Insertion (think Oreo goes in mouth)
mandible
Masseter - Origin
maxilla
Masseter - Insertion
mucous membrane and muscle inside lips
Orbicularis Oris - Origin (think Oreo goes in mouth)
zygomatic arch
