Hardware and Software Reading Assignment
Gigabyte = Kilobyte = Terabyte = Megabyte = Petabyte =
1 billion bytes 1 thousand bytes 1 trillion bytes 1 million bytes 1,000 terabytes
Sometimes called a convertible laptop, a type of laptop that has a removable, or concealed keyboard as well as a touchscreen so that it can be used as a tablet is called a(n) ___
2-in-1
Processors typically have a word size of either ___ or ___.
32 bits; 64 bits
Represented by either a 0 or 1, a ____ is the smallest unit of data a computer can process.
Bit
The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the _________ process.
Boot
Eight bits combined together equal one _______.
Byte
Which two of the following statements are true about Unicode?
Capable of representing all of the world's languages 16 bit (minimum) encoding standard
Hard drive ______ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.
Capacity
A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ____.
Computer
It is important to be able to identify the different types of computers. For example, what do you call a computer that has a separate chassis (or tower) that connects to separate peripherals such as the monitor, keyboard, and mouse?
Desktop
Click 3 characteristics of desktop computers.
Desktops use a full OS. Desktops allow for relatively easy upgrade and expansion. Desktops are often used in offices since they do not need to be mobile.
When you purchase a peripheral, such as a printer to go with your home computer, you will usually have to download important software from the printer's manufacturer in order to ensure that the printer software works well with your computer's operating system. This important software is called a _____.
Driver
Memory, such as RAM or cache, is _____ and has no moving parts.
Electronic (solid state)
Small computers can be found in many devices such as anti-lock brakes, programmable coffee pots and thermostats. They come with real time operating system (RTOS).
Embedded
The computer that can be found inside a programmable coffee pot is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system.
Embedded
Identify the cable and connector in the image, commonly used in networking.
Ethernet
Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers?
Gigabytes Terabytes
Which three of the following are common word processing programs?
Google Docs Pages for Mac Microsoft Word
Which three of the following are common spreadsheet application programs?
Google Docs (Sheets) Microsoft Excel Numbers for Mac
Putting software on a digital device, or adding hardware components and drivers to a digital device is called ______.
Installation
Adding a driver to a digital device, such as a printer, is called ___.
Installing
A two-in-one computer combines a large tablet computer with a (usually) detachable ___ .
Keyboard
A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.
Laptop
In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the ______.
Monitor
When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.
Not saved
A computer platform is commonly referred to as a(n) _____ system or OS.
Operating
Which 3 of the following are storage devices?
Optical drive (with associated disc) External hard drive Universal serial bus (USB) drive
Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Place the highest capacity (largest) at the top.
Petabyte Terabyte Gigabyte Megabyte Kilobyte
Every computer must have operating system (OS) software. This operating system is often referred to as the ___ of the computer.
Platform
Applications that enable a user to create visual aids that can be projected on a screen or displayed on a digital display are called ________ software.
Presentation
All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the ___
Processor
Apps designed to make individuals or businesses more efficient are categorized as:
Productivity
Software comes in various categories. One category is system software, which provides the instructions that hardware needs to operate (iOS, Android, Windows, etc.). Another category is game software (League of Legends, Hearthstone, Angry Birds, etc.). Another category of software includes applications such as Office 365, iWork, QuickBooks, Googledocs, etc. This software is referred to as ___ software.
Productivity
In the image, what uses approximately 1 byte of data?
Single letter
Which three of the following are common software licenses?
Site Single-User Network
Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM.
Slower
A cell phone that allows you to surf the web is called a(n) ___. This is actually a powerful computer capable of accepting input, processing data into information, providing data, and storing data.
Smartphone
A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.
Storage
Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called __.
Storage
A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world, _______ uses 16 bits to represent information.
Unicode
One type of storage device is a ___.
Universal serial bus (USB) drive
Which three of the statements are true statements regarding utility programs?
Utility programs are included with both Windows and macOS. Utility programs often perform a specific maintenance type of task. Common utility programs include disk formatting, disk cleanup, and disk defragmenting.
Which of the following is a strength of the Windows OS?
Wide availability of software options.
The most common OS for personal computers is Microsoft _______.
Windows
The amount of bits a processor can work with at any given time is referred to as _______ size.
Word
For which of the following two reasons, you might purchase a tablet computer rather than a laptop?
You need a highly mobile computer that works well for reading e-books or Netflix. You need a computer that you can use while walking.
Determining which computer platform (operating system) would be best for a particular student often depends on what the student wants to study and in which industry she or he wants to enter after graduation. Students who plan to study graphic design or want to focus on photo production or publishing should strongly consider the __ platform since it is generally considered the industry standard in those fields.
macOS
The computer platform known for its graphics capability and stylish design is the ___ .
macOS
High-Definition _______ Interface is a standard interface for audio-video connectivity which allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals.
multimedia AKA HDMI
One way to download and install a program onto a Windows computer is to go through the Microsoft Store. Place the following steps in order if you use the Microsoft Store to download and install Tumblr on a Windows computer. Place the first step at the top.
(1) Click the Start Button to open the Start Menu. (2) Scroll to the Microsoft Store Icon and click on it. (3) Click Search (magnifying glass). (4) Type Tumblr. (5) Click the Tumblr icon. (6) Click get. (7) Follow the instructions to install the program.
There are many protocols that are used to help streamline the communication of all digital devices. For example, Wi-Fi uses the _____ protocol. This protocol ensures that devices enabled with Wi-Fi can connect to any Wi-Fi network.
802.11
Which three of the following regarding a computer application are true?
A computer application is a computer program. Applications can be located on smartphones, tablets, laptops, and even on servers accessible on the Internet. Most applications can be downloaded for free or for a fee.
Some computers use _____ , an 8-bit coding scheme to represent characters in a binary format.
ASCII
A stationary (non-mobile) computer that combines the power of a desktop with a neat, clean, look is a(n):
All-in-one
Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers.
All-in-one
Which of the following is not part of the boot process?
Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors.
Eight bits are considered to make one _______ of information. In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), it is the data required to store one character, such as a letter or a number.
Byte
Another name for a computer's processor is the:
CPU
Memory _____ and hold data used by processors.
Cache
Which two of the following statements are true about the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) encoding standard?
Can represent a total of 256 characters. Capable of representing 26 uppercase and lowercase letters used in the English language, numbers, and many different symbols.
Sold in categories such as CAT5e (enhanced) or CAT6, or CAT7 cable is commonly used for connecting devices in a network. These are commonly called _______ cables.
Ethernet
The only major difference between MacBooks and the Dell laptops is their prices.
False
The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.
Footprint
Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?
Full operating system Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad Mobile
Which three of the following devices are computers?
Gaming console Smartphone Laptop
Common presentation programs include which three of the following?
Google Slides Keynote for Mac Microsoft PowerPoint
The depiction of image data on a display or output device is called _____.
Graphics
The output of a computer that creates a visual image is called ___.
Graphics
___ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.
HDMI
Magnetically charged particles on spinning disks are how traditional _______ drives store data.
Hard disc
Which of the following terms refers to the physical parts of a computer system?
Hardware
Which three of the following devices are computers?
Laptop Smartphone Desktop
Jose uses Windows 10 on his laptop to run the programs he needs to complete his college assignments. Windows OS is owned and maintained by _____ .
Microsoft
Which of the following is a popular OS software program?
Microsoft Windows
Which of the following is commonly-used OS software?
Microsoft Windows
A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called Universal _______ Bus.
Serial
Most desktop computers come with a traditional hard drive. The purpose of the hard drive is to _______ data.
Store
Which two of the following are usually considered the strengths of the macOS platform?
Strong graphics quality and graphical user interface (GUI). Very stable and reliable, few viruses
Programs that offer the structure and hardware control necessary to run the computer and its peripheral devices are called _____ software.
System
Similar to the Windows control panel, the system management tool in the macOS is called ___.
System preferences
Which two of the following are true about system software?
System software refers to programs that offer the structure and hardware control necessary to run the computer and its peripheral devices. One of the most important types of system software is the operating system.
Which two of the following statements are correct regarding the CPU?
The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor. The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer.
Put the steps of the boot process in the correct order, placing the first step at the top.
The device is powered on and the CPU activates BIOS. The Power-On Self-Test is executed. The OS is loaded into RAM. The OS checks the registry settings and loads saved configuration settings.
Many computers today use _____, which is a coding scheme using at least 16 bits to represent a character.
Unicode
Wyatt has purchased a new laptop and found it came with many programs that he does not want. He should _____ the programs from his device so they do not take up storage space.
Uninstall
Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.
Usually has a mobile operating system Has as a touchscreen Is highly mobile
Programs that perform specific maintenance tasks on computers are commonly referred to as ___ programs.
Utility
Determining which computer platform (operating system) would be best for a particular student often depends on what the student wants to study and in which industry she or he wants to enter after graduation. Students who plan to study science or engineering or want to focus on business (accounting or finance), as well as those who plan to work for the government should strongly consider the __ platform since it is generally considered the industry standard in those fields.
Windows OS
One method of uninstalling a program from a Windows computer is to use the Settings button. Place the following steps in order if you wanted to delete Facebook from a Windows computer. Place the first step at the top.
(1) Click the Start button to open the Start menu (2) Click the Settings button (3) Click Apps (4) Click the desired program (5) Click uninstall
Which two of the following are correct statements regarding all-in-one computers?
An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor. All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor.
Most refer to a software application on a mobile device, such as an iPhone, as a(n) ______.
App
Lightning connectors were developed by ___.
Apple
Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to ___ .
Apps (applications)
A legal contract between the software manufacturer and the user of an application is called an End-User ______ Agreement.
License
Because a metal platter is physically spinning, hard drives have ____.
Longer access times
Most word processing software can be used for which three of the following tasks?
Very simple desktop publishing Creating documents Creating very basic Web pages
(1) Single page in a workbook. (2) A collection of related worksheets. (3) Identifies the location of a cell in a worksheet. (4)A mathematical operation used to perform calculations. (5) Built-in formulas included in a spreadsheet program.
(1) Worksheet (2) Workbook (3) Cell Reference (4) Formula (5) Function
A hole in a punchcard, a transistor on a circuit board, or the reflective element on a digital versatile disc (DVD) each represents the smallest unit of data storage called a ___.
Bit
A protocol commonly used to transfer large files from one server to another on the Internet is the ___.
File transfer protocol (FTP)
The port found on most iPhones (prior to the iPhone 15) is referred to as a __ port.
Lightning
