HDF Exam 4
when is medicare expected to run out of funds
2026
Which of the following is true of the differences between African Americans and their Asian-American counterparts when it comes to divorce?
African Americans are more likely to divorce than Asian Americans.
Evaluate the following claims about the reasons behind the prevalence of elder abuse. Which of them is most accurate?
An adult child who is dependent on an elderly parent for finances might mistreat the parent to compensate for their own lack of power.
Which of the following is a similarity between feminist theories and resource theory in explaining family abuse and violence?
Both theories postulate that men have a tendency to dominate and have more power compared to women.
Which of the following best describes the impact of abuse on children?
Childhood experiences of abuse and neglect are linked with higher rates of IPV in adults.
Which of the following statements is a perspective of the ecological systems theory?
Cultural values that demean, debase, and devalue women and children promote and reinforce abusive behavior.
__________ is a common long-term effect of divorce that harms children.
Economic hardship
__________ is the most common form of elder abuse.
Emotional abuse
Which of the following is true regarding the prevalence and characteristics of child maltreatment?
Homicide is considered to be the leading cause of death among infants.
Which of the following statements best describes patterns of sexual abuse by siblings?
In most cases of sibling incest, older brothers molest younger siblings.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the characteristics of abusive and violent households?
Intimate partner violence cuts across all social classes.
Which of the following is true about divorce with regard to its effect on children?
It crystallizes rather than creates long-standing problems for most children.
Which of the following is a positive outcome of divorce on children?
It decreases the amount of stress that children undergo in a high-conflict home.
Which of the following is true of marital rape in the United States?
It is the most common type of rape in the United States.
Which of the following scenarios would serve as an example of a macro-level reason for divorce?
Jim spends most of his days away from his wife on combat missions, and his wife has filed for divorce.
__________ refers to the failure to provide for a child's basic physical, emotional, medical, or educational needs.
Neglect
Which of the following describes the most common response by parents to sibling abuse?
Parents generally do not take sibling abuse seriously.
Evaluate the following statements regarding the high rates of heroin use in the United States. Which of the following best explains this trend?
Rigid restrictions imposed on pain killers are associated with an increase in heroin usage.
Analyze the following claims about sexuality and family violence. Which of the following statements best reflects current patterns?
Same-sex couples are less likely than opposite-sex couples to hit their children.
__________ is an example of emotional abuse toward children.
Spurning
Which of the following best describes current patterns regarding the sexual abuse of children?
The majority of children who are sexually abused are victimized by family or people they know.
__________ is the leading cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the United States.
Tobacco use
The __________ has been credited with lowering the rate of homicide for abused women since 1994.
Violence Against Women Act
Which of the following is true regarding the prevalence of intimate partner violence in the United States?
Women are more likely to experience a greater number of physical injuries than men.
Maria, a housewife, is trapped in an unhappy marriage as a result of societal pressure. For the past 15 years, her husband has constantly abused her physically and emotionally. She feels incapable of leaving and continues to perform her "wifely duty." This scenario is an illustration of __________.
battered-woman syndrome
In the __________ remarriage stage, children can face conflict as they are relocated to different schools and homes, meet new neighbors, and may even lose track of friends.
community remarriage
which of the following best explains older widows' and widowers' forging new relationships?
companionship is the most important reason for dating
__________ grandparents have a legal relationship with their grandchildren through adoption or guardianship
custodial
A court-mandated ruling regarding which divorced parent will have the primary responsibility for the children's upbringing is known as __________.
custody
Divorce rates in the U.S. are currently __________.
decreasing
Which of the following increases the likelihood of an individual being subject to elder abuse?
dependence on family members for shelter and care
Ever since Lisa lost her husband, she has been less interested in her daily activities. She rarely eats and has lost a significant amount of weight. She does not want to socialize with her friends and prefers to stay at home all day long without performing her household chores. In this case, Lisa is experiencing __________.
depression
ageism refers to __________
discrimination against people based on their age
Which of the following is an indicator that divorced adults are generally worse off than married adults?
eating less healthy food
In the __________ remarriage stage, couples reestablish a marital household as a financial unit.
economic
Lydia and Gregory are in the process of a divorce and are currently fighting over who should complete the payment of the education loan that they took out for their daughter's university tuition. According to Bohannon, which of the following stages of divorce are Lydia and Gregory going through?
economic divorce
Which of the following is likely to be a predictor of IPV from childhood to old age?
family violence while growing up
About 72 percent of women cite __________ as a major reason for staying in an abusive relationship.
fear
Annie cares for her elderly mother at home. Due to financial stress and marital conflicts, she frequently takes money from her mother's retirement account for her own expenses. This scenario is an example of __________.
financial abuse
__________ study the biological, psychological, and social aspects of aging
gerontologists
which of the following helps explain why there are more older widows that widowers?
greater life expectancy of women compared with men
About __________ of female victims of intimate partner violence don't receive the medical, advocacy, and legal services they need.
half
Which of these is an example of a parenting practice that decreases the likelihood of obesity in children?
helping children eat more fruit and vegetables
which of the following explains baby boomers' demanding expensive health services in the future {?}
high levels of education {?}
which of the following is a reason behind the stabilization of the US old-age dependency ratio?
high rates of young immigrants
a(n) __________ cares for terminally ill patients
hospice
In __________, the primary perpetrator is a male who uses multiple forms of abuse and escalates control to dominate his partner.
intimate terrorism
which of the following is true of Alzheimer's disease?
it is a degenerative disorder that attacks the brain and impairs thinking
why have later-life divorce rates increased
it's socially acceptable among aging boomers
Siblicide refers to the act of __________.
killing one's brother or sister
dr. turner's studies predict that, compared with their latino counterparts, the proportion of older whites will shrink in the near future. which of the following reasons supports this prediction?
latinos have higher birthrates than whites
leon says that his grandparents are companionate and supportive rather than remote. which of the following statements strengthen his description
leon's grandfather visits him every weekend and takes him for a movie or baseball game
__________ refers to the average number of years a person can expect to live
life expectancy
oscar is diagnosed with terminal cancer, and the medical care providers focus on custodial care. oscare is experiencing a __________
lingering trajectory
which statement best explains the association between marital status and retirement income?
married couples generally have more retirement income than singles
Cole and Terri got separated after being married for two years. However, they moved back in together when their child experienced severe emotional problems due to their separation. This example illustrates the __________ phase.
midseparation
__________ is the customary outward expression of grief
mourning
A __________ is when neither partner has to establish the guilt or wrongdoing of the other.
no-fault divorce
norman, age 87, lives with his son's family. he's among the __________ category
oldest-old
in the initial phase of grief, __________
people respond with shock, numbness, and disbelief
Kate is age 8. Her father pushes and shakes her when she misbehaves and frequently hits her as well. However, he does not often leave marks. This scenario is an example of __________.
physical abuse
Molly is a 13-year-old girl who belongs to a low-SES family. She lives with her alcoholic father who beats her almost every day and sexually abuses her mother in her midst. According to this scenario, it can be inferred that Molly is experiencing __________.
polyvictimization
Which of the following is a demographic variable that affects divorce rates in a country?
premarital childbearing
IADL limitations include __________
preparing meals, taking medications, and managing money
The first phase in the separation process is the __________ phase
preseparation
Rhea divorced two years ago and is now remarrying. She often worries about losing the independence that she had while she was single. In this scenario, Rhea is in the __________ remarriage stage.
psychic
which of the following is an example of an involved and influential grandparent
rachel's grandfather takes her for walks and helps her with problems that she's facing at school and at home
Jude and Nancy have been married for 10 years. Though Jude is extremely aggressive and beats Nancy every day when he returns home, she prefers to stay with him since she is financially dependent on him. The reason behind Nancy being the victim of domestic violence can be best illustrated by __________ theory.
social exchange
According to __________ theory, continuous exposure to abuse and violence during childhood can increase the likelihood that a person will be both an assailant and a victim in adulthood.
social learning
__________ is a public retirement pension system administered by the federal government
social security
Paul and Maria have two children, Sylvie and Bob. When they divorced, the court mandated that Maria will get custody of Sylvie and that Bob will stay with Paul. This example illustrates __________.
split custody
Mr. Gregory, age 87, suffers from Alzheimer's. his three daughters take turns looking after him but don't follow a schedule plan. for instance, when the oldest daughter takes care of Mr. Gregory for a month, the younger daughters might care for their father for two or three months. According to the Matthews and Rosner classification, Mr. Gregory's daughters have a __________ caregiving style
sporadic
laura, age 16, assumes that her elderly neighbor is stuck in the past and only cares about outdated things. Laura's beliefs are an example of
stereotyping
Which of the following is a macro approach to the prevention of family violence?
strengthening civil legal protections
A joint physical custody differs from a sole custody in that in a joint custody __________.
the children divide their time between their parents
which of the following is a major factor in women's lower retirement income?
the gender pay gap
which of the following statements about routine help and backup caregiving styles is true?
the routine help caregiving style provides assistance on a regular basis, while the backups step in when the routine help is unavailable
which of the following statements best illustrates death and disability among americans over 65?
there has been an increase in chronic and long-term illnesses
which of the following is true of remote grandparents
they live far apart from their grandchildren and see them infrequently
why, compared with other groups, do older people have relatively generous health care coverage?
they're one of the best politically organized groups in the nation
It is difficult for scholars to identify predictors of family violence; however, some patterns do exist. Which of the following is most likely to be a predictor of family violence throughout the life course?
violent behavior during the teen years
What racial group has the highest remarriage rate?
whites
which of the following statements best explains the relationship between living arrangements and marital status?
women are much less likely than men to be married, so they're more likely to live alone
mary's grandfather has just turned 68 years old. he would be categorized as __________
young-old
