Head and Neck Anatomy and Physiology

All the following are branches of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve EXCEPT the:

Auriculotemporal nerve

Leukocytes are white blood cells that protect the body against infection. All the following are leukocytes EXCEPT:

Erythrocytes

Damage to this nerve can result in facial paralysis or Bell palsy.

Facial

During an oral examination, you ask the client to protrude the tongue. What muscle is necessary for this action?

Genioglossus

Which of the following describes the type of movement achieved by the temporomandibular joint?

Gliding and rotation

Which of the following nerves is paired correctly with the tissue it innervates?

Glossopharyngeal nerve, base of tongue

Which one of the following statements is NOT true about the pterygoid plexus?

Has valves that prevent backflow of blood

All the following muscles of mastication elevate the mandible EXCEPT the:

Lateral pterygoid

What is the purpose of synovial fluid in the synovial joint?

Lubricates the joint

The only trigeminal nerve division carrying both afferent and efferent nerves is the:

Mandibular

Which of the following nerves enters the skull through the foramen ovale?

Mandibular

Which of the following nerves innervates the four muscles of mastication?

Mandibular

Which of the following nerves is the largest of the trigeminal branches?

Mandibular

Infection of which of the following sinuses can cause discomfort and complications with the maxillary posterior teeth?

Maxillary

Which of the following arteries supplies the muscles of mastication?

Maxillary artery

All the following are muscles of facial expression EXCEPT the:

Temporalis

Which of the following bones has paired canals that transmit cranial nerve XII, hypoglossal?

Occipital bone

In which of the following pairs is a movable articulation formed?

Occipital condyles with first cervical vertebrae (atlas)

Lateral deviation of the mandible occurs when:

One head of the lateral pterygoid muscle is contracted

Which of the following muscles of facial expression encircles the mouth and is responsible for closure of the lips?

Orbicularis oris

Which of the following glands secrete hormones to regulate calcium metabolism and phosphorus uptake?

Parathyroid

Which of the following glands is the largest salivary gland?

Parotid

All the following major salivary glands secrete mixed secretions EXCEPT the:

Parotid gland

Infiltration of local anesthesia is more successful in mandibular anterior teeth than mandibular posterior teeth because:

The alveolar process of the mandibular incisors is less dense

The facial nerve travels through the parotid gland; innervation of the parotid gland is provided by the facial nerve.

The first statement is TRUE; the second statement is FALSE

The four muscles of mastication are the masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid; these muscles of mastication are innervated by the cranial nerve V1.

The first statement is TRUE; the second statement is FALSE

The petrous portion of the temporal bone contains the mastoid process. This process serves as an attachment for the trapezius muscle.

The first statement is TRUE; the second statement is FALSE

Which of the following landmark on the sphenoid bone for the attachment of many of the muscles of mastication?

Pterygoid process

The sublingual caruncle:

Receives the submandibular duct

A ligament associated with the temporomandibular joint is an important landmark for local anesthesia. Name the landmark and the nerve block.

Sphenomandibular ligament, inferior alveolar

Which part of the temporal bone forms the cranial portion of the temporomandibular joint?

Squamous part

The salivary gland most often associated witch salivary stone formation is the:

Submandibular

Which of the following lymph nodes drain the cheek, hard palate, tongue, and anterior nasal cavity?

Submandibular nodes

Which of the following facial arteries supplies the submandibular salivary gland?

Submental artery

Which of the following muscle groups elevate the hyoid bone?

Suprahyoid muscles

Knowledge of the trigeminal nerve is critical for the successful administration of a local anesthetic agent. Which of the following cranial nerves is the trigeminal nerve?

V

All the following are paired facial bones EXCEPT the:

Vomer

All three branches of which one of the following nerves passes through foramina on the sphenoid bone?

Trigeminal nerve

The temporomandibular joint is innervated by the:

Trigeminal nerve

The muscles of mastication consist of four paired muscles inserting on the mandible. The muscles of mastication are innervated by the mandibular division of cranial nerve V.

Both statements are TRUE

The facial vein communicates with the cavernous venous sinus; this sinus can become fatally infected through the spread of dental infection.

Both statements are TRUE

Dental infections can lead to serious complications, since veins in the head and neck generally lack valves that prevent the backflow of blood.

Both statement and the reason are correct and related.

The palatine tonsil is commonly enlarged in children. This tonsil is also referred to as the adenoids.

Both statements are FALSE

All references to body structures are made assuming the body is in anatomic position; anatomical position is the erect position of the body, arms at the sides, with head, eyes and palms facing forward.

Both statements are TRUE

Intrinsic tongue muscles are located entirely inside the tongue. These muscles act to change the shape of the tongue.

Both statements are TRUE

Salivary glands in the soft palate (buccal, labial, and lingual mucosa) secrete mostly mucous fluid. Von Ebner glands located in the circumvallate lingual papillae secrete only serous fluid.

Both statements are TRUE

The central nervous system consists of the following:

Brain and spinal cord

The muscle of facial expression that aids in mastication is the:

Buccinator

Nerves that carry impulses away fro the brain or spinal cord to a body structure are known as:

Efferent

The most reliable arterial pulse in the body is located in the:

Carotid sinus

Taste sensations for the body of the tongue are provided by which of the following nerves?

Chorda tympani branch of the facial

The articular fossa of the temporal bone articulates with the mandible at the temporomandibular joint at which landmark?

Condyle

The articulation between the frontal bone and the parietal bone is the:

Coronal suture

Which of the following landmarks on the ramus of the mandible serves as a landmark for determining the height of injection for the inferior alveolar nerve block?

Coronoid notch

All the following cranial nerves are part of the pharengeal plexus and pass through the skull by way of the jugular foramen EXCEPT:

Cranial nerve VI

Which of the following structures is perforated by foramina for the passage of olfactory nerves for the sense of smell?

Cribriform plate

Which of the following lymph nodes empty into the jugular trunk?

Deep cervical nodes

The anatomic term that BEST describes the top surface of the tongue is:

Dorsal

The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for stressful situations, "fight or flight." Which of the following symptoms might a client with severe dental anxiety exhibit during the dental appointment?

Increase in heart rate

Pea-like firmness of the facial lymph nodes might indicate:

Infection from adjacent teeth

When a skeletal muscle contracts to cause a given movement, the more movable end of attachment of the muscle is termed its:

Insertion

Which of the following results in the formation of the flat bones of the skull?

Intramembranous ossification

Which of the following lymph nodes is easily palpable in clients with tonsillar lymphadenopathy?

Jugulodiagstric node

Which of the following nerves is NOT part of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?

Lacrimal

An important landmark for local anesthesia lies posterior to the most distal maxillary molar. Identify the landmark and the nerve that passes through its foramina.

Maxillary tuberosity, posterior superior alveolar nerve

Which of the following is an important landmark to note radiographically to avoid misinterpretation as an oral radiolucent lesion?

Mental foramen

When contracted, which of the following muscles tightens and narrows the vestibule, making access to the facial aspect of the mandibular incisors difficult?

Mentalis

Which of the following nerves is NOT always present in the oral cavity?

Middle superior alveolar

The muscle that unites with its counterpart to form the floor of the mouth is the:

Mylohyoid

Each of the following bones of the skull is considered a facial bone EXCEPT the:

Occipital bone

Which of the following occurs when one side of the sternocleidomastoid muscle is contracted?

The head and neck bend to the same side

The parotid gland produces the least volume of saliva because it is the smallest salivary gland.

The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.

The thymus gland is an edocrine gland because it has an associated duct.

The statement is correct, but the reasoning is NOT correct.

When examining a healthy client, this exocrine gland moves with its associated cartilage.

Thyroid gland

Which of the following is NOT an exocrine gland of the head?

Thyroid gland