Health 231 Test 2
Which of the following statements about the 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act is TRUE?
.It established a Superfund to clean up hazardous waste sites throughout the United States
A driver is always impaired when he or she has a blood alcohol concentration of
0.08 percent or higher.
One standard drink equals
12 ounces of beer or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor.
How many Americans suffer from health disorders caused by tobacco?
16 million
An average adult has
25 to 35 billion fat cells.
Which of the following people would be most likely to notice the effects of an age-related decline in metabolic rate?
30-year-old computer programmer
Which of the following waist measurements indicates an increased health risk?
38 inches in a female
How long does it take for the average adult to metabolize four 12-ounce beers?
4 hours
Binge drinking is defined for the typical adult as
4 or more drinks for females or 5 or more drinks for males in about two hours.
Approximately what percentage of Americans consume alcoholic beverages regularly?
50 percent
What percentage of a person's body weight is water?
50 to 70 percent
Which of the following is TRUE with respect to global health and alcohol use?
Almost 4 percent of all deaths worldwide are attributed to alcohol.
Which of the following is TRUE about environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?
Between 1988 and 2008, detectable levels of nicotine exposure in nonsmokers decreased
Which of the following is TRUE about environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?
Between 1988 and 2008, detectable levels of nicotine exposure in nonsmokers decreased.
An NIAAA approach to reducing alcohol consumption on campus is
Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students.
Which of the following is TRUE about calories?
Calories are a unit of measure of the energy obtained from food.
Taking a large amount of this vitamin can be toxic because excess amounts can accumulate in the liver.
D
Which of the following is TRUE about inhalants?
Doses are difficult to control because of individual lung capacities.
If you know you will be at an event where alcohol will be served, what can you do to drink responsibly?
Eat shortly before you go and alternate alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks
If you know you will be at an event where alcohol will be served, what can you do to drink responsibly?
Eat shortly before you go and alternate alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks.
Which of the following statements about college drinking is TRUE?
Female college students' alcohol consumption is close to that of male college students.
Which of the following statements about food waste is TRUE?
Food waste is the largest source of U.S. municipal solid waste.
High blood levels of this type of cholesterol appear to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, or cholesterol-clogged arteries
HDL
Which of the following statements about hookas is true?
Hookah use has been linked to an increased risk for periodontal disease.
Which of the following is TRUE about routes of drug administration?
Intravenous injection is the most dangerous method of administration.
Which statement BEST summarizes what happens when particulate matter condenses in the lungs?
It forms tar, which is a thick, brownish sludge.
Which statement about heat exhaustion is TRUE?
It is a mild form of shock.
Which of the following statements is TRUE of cocaine?
It is an anesthetic and a stimulant.
Which of the following is NOT true about a hangover?
It usually takes 1-2 hours to recover from a hangover.
Regular aerobic exercise can reduce which type of cholesterol, known as "bad cholesterol"?
LDLs
Which of the following would NOT be good advice for someone who is purchasing running shoes?
Make sure there is no extra room in the toe box.
Which of the following is TRUE about gambling addictions?
Most compulsive gamblers seek a high from the excitement even more than from money.
Which of the following is TRUE of drinking and driving?
Over the last 20 years, the percentage of intoxicated drivers involved in fatal crashes has decreased.
Which of the following statements about Internet addiction is true?
People with Internet addiction tend to have lower grades and poorer job performance than others who are not addicted.
Which of the following is TRUE about Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)?
They are the reference standard for intake levels necessary to meet the needs of most healthy individuals.
Psychoactive drugs have which type of effect on the body?
They enhance, suppress, or interfere with the actions of neurotransmitters.
Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
Tobacco is known to cause about 20 diseases
All of the following statements about the effects of chronic marijuana use are true EXCEPT:
Vaping marijuana is associated with fewer adverse effects on the lungs than smoking marijuana.
Which of the following is TRUE with respect to the health effects of smoking?
Women who smoke are more likely to have fertility problems than non-smokers.
Which of the following is FALSE about smokeless tobacco?
Young people's use of smokeless tobacco has been declining steadily since 1999.
Aaron is trying to lose weight but he still wants a beverage while he is studying. A good choice might be
a cup of low-sodium broth
A substance intended to affect the structure or function of the body or mind through chemical action is
a drug.
Climate change is
a shift in patterns of temperature, precipitation, and frequency of catastrophic storms.
When doing some form of aerobic exercise, you are at a moderate level of intensity when you are
able to converse with someone
The average person in the United States generates how many pounds of municipal solid waste each day?
about 4.5
Smokeless tobacco users
are significantly more likely to develop oral cancers than nonusers
Diet pills contain ingredients such as caffeine, and can therefore act in what way on the body?
as a stimulant
Which compound that was formerly used in building materials such as insulation has been found to be the cause of certain cancers and lung diseases?
asbestos
Bath salts
can produce anxiety, agitation, hallucinations, and paranoia when used at high doses.
A standard rum and cola will be absorbed faster than a 5-ounce glass of wine because
carbonation causes the pyloric valve to relax.
The water that is pulled out of the body when someone drinks heavily is taken from
cerebrospinal fluid.
Marta collects kitchen scraps and yard clippings in a bin outside of her home to use in her garden. She is
composting
A form of alcohol that metabolizes slowly and produces toxic byproducts is a(n)
congener.
Over-the-counter drugs commonly abused by teens and young adults include
cough and cold medicines and diet and sleep aids.
Drinking games result in the consumption of large quantities of alcohol in a short period of time and have been associated with
death from alcohol poisoning.
The process of freeing the body from an addictive substance is known as
detoxification.
When drugs activate the brain's pleasure circuit, what neurotransmitter is involved?
dopamine
Using a drug for a purpose other than that for which it is intended is
drug misuse.
An addictive drug produced by fermentation is
ethyl alcohol.
Which of the following is defined as planned, structured, and repetitive body movement?
exercise
David spends four hours a day lifting weights and is at the point of obsession about his fitness routine to the extent that he will miss classes and outings with friends so he can go to the gym. He most likely suffers from which of the following disorders?
exercise addiction
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause significant brain damage and other impairments in the fetus; this condition is known as
fetal alcohol syndrome
High-fiber diets may help decrease the risk of all of the following EXCEPT
fibromyalgia.
Multivitamin-mineral supplements are generally NOT recommended for which of the following groups of people?
healthy individuals wanting to boost their energy levels
Regular aerobic exercise improves the
heart, lungs, and blood vessels.
Heroin has a
high potential for addiction and no medical use.
On a food product label, the amount shown as % Daily Value shows
how much of an average adult's allowance for a nutrient is in one serving.
The physiological need to eat to sustain life is
hunger.
The process that occurs when fat cells swell and enlarge is
hypertrophy.
The safest way to thaw frozen food is
in the refrigerator.
Countries with the largest per capita "ecological footprint"
include the United States
As compared to today, by the year 2050, the world's population is expected to
increase by 2 to 3 billion people
Which of the following is a concern in regard to overpopulation?
increased amount of land used for agricultural purposes
An increase in the spread of food borne illness could be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT
increased consumption of locally grown or raised food
Climate change is evidenced by which of the following?
increasingly extreme swings in precipitation levels over the last three decades
The over-the-counter version of the drug orlistat, marketed as Alli, has a number of unpleasant side effects but works to promote weight loss by
inhibiting the digestion of fat.
To help him fight his addiction to alcohol, Andy's physician has prescribed a drug that will make him feel intensely uncomfortable if he drinks alcohol. This type of response is called
intolerance.
Mescaline
is derived from a cactus.
What percentage of adult Americans engage in aerobic physical activity that meets the national guidelines?
just over 50 percent.
One dangerous consequence of very-low-calorie diets is that they increase the individual's risk for a condition in which the blood levels become acidic. This is known as
ketoacidosis.
Marijuana today is
legal for medical purposes in 28 states
The main site of alcohol metabolism is the
liver.
What substance in certain cigarettes numbs the throat to allow for deeper inhalation?
menthol
All of the following drugs are used to treat opioid addiction EXCEPT
methamphetamine.
Ecstasy is a stimulant and a(n)
mild hallucinogen
An individual whose BMI is 42 would be classified as
morbidly obese.
Opioids are also called
narcotics.
What substance in cigarettes is a highly addictive stimulant?
nicotine
Which nicotine replacement product requires a prescription?
nicotine nasal spray
A 20-year-old female with a BMI of 34 would be categorized as
obese.
A person with a body weight that is 15% higher than recommended is considered
overweight.
Tomi cooked a vegetarian stir-fry for dinner. He included slices of shallots, red pepper, carrots, spinach, and brown rice. This meal is rich in
phytochemicals.
All of the following are overuse injuries EXCEPT
plantar fasciitis.
The two general types of water pollution are described as
point source and nonpoint source.
The term for an environmental contaminant that causes potential harm to living organisms is
pollutant.
Terence takes several vitamin supplements as well as a prescribed cholesterol medication and an over-the-counter pain reliever for his arthritis. Terence is exhibiting
polydrug use.
Bidis are becoming increasingly popular because they are viewed as safer than regular cigarettes. Research shows that bidis
produce three times more nicotine than cigarettes.
Cap and trade policies
provide incentives to industrial polluters to limit their carbon emissions.
Radiation exposure is measured in which of the following units (also called roentgens)?
radiation absorbed doses
Which naturally occurring odorless, colorless gas seeps into homes and is a leading cause of lung cancer?
radon
Most experts agree that a key step in slowing climate change is to
reduce consumption of fossil fuels
Therapeutic communities are a type of
residential treatment.
The measure of energy expended while a person is engaged in sedentary activities, such as sitting on a sofa or digesting food, is the
resting metabolic rate.
Allen has just eaten a large meal and pushes his plate away, unable to eat any more. He is experiencing
satiety.
Dietary fats that are solid at room temperature are made up mostly of
saturated fatty acids
Carbohydrates are used by the body primarily for
short-term energy.
Eating food when drinking alcohol
slows alcohol absorption.
Marijuana use presents clear dangers to those driving motor vehicles (as well as others on the road) because it
slows reaction time and impedes decision making.
The mineral necessary for the regulation of blood and body fluids is
sodium.
To ensure safety, leftovers that have been properly wrapped and refrigerated should be eaten within
three days.
Marijuana is administered therapeutically for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
to reduce appetite for weight control.
Risk for developing lung cancer varies among smokers due to all of the following EXCEPT
tolerance to nicotine.
In a synergistic drug interaction
two drugs multiply each other's effects
Benefits of weight-loss surgery include the potential to reverse
type 2 diabetes.
An important strategy for avoiding mold is to
use a dehumidifier in damp rooms.
Chelsea occasionally takes aspirin to relieve a headache. Chelsea is
using an over-the-counter (OTC) drug.
In hypothermia, death usually occurs when body core temperature drops to
75-80°F.
The excessive use of a drug is
abuse.
When personal and health problems related to alcohol use have become severe and a person suffers withdrawal symptoms if they don't drink, they have reached the point of alcoholism or
alcohol dependence.
Urinating frequently after alcohol consumption occurs because
alcohol is a diuretic.
Which type of fiber combines with water to form a gel-like substance and can be digested by bacteria in the colon?
soluble
Which form of exercise involves techniques that slowly and gradually lengthen a muscle or group of muscles and the associated tendons?
static stretching
A colorless gas that dissolves in water vapor to form acid and is emitted from coal-fired power plants is
sulfur dioxide
Smog is MOST likely to form in areas that experience
temperature inversion
Factors affecting alcohol absorption include all of the following EXCEPT
the time of day the alcohol is consumed.
All of the following are true about suppositories EXCEPT that
they have a short life span and become inactive within an hour.
Minerals that the body needs in very small amounts are
trace minerals. minor minerals.
Using a nicotine patch for smoking cessation is an example of which route of administration?
trans dermal
When liquid oils are hydrogenated,
trans fatty acids are produced.
The MyPlate graphic encourages Americans to make which of the following food groups the largest portion of their plate at each meal?
vegetables
Which of the following vitamins is readily excreted from the body in urine and unlikely to develop to toxic levels?
vitamin C
Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include all of the following EXCEPT
weakness in the limbs
It is wise to deal with being outdoors in cold temperatures by
wearing layered clothing and keeping hydrated.
A grain that contains the bran, germ, and endosperm is a
whole grain.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of alcohol poisoning?
yellowish tint to the skin
River has been on and off four different diets in the past year, losing and then regaining weight. She now weighs more than she did when she began dieting a year ago. River is engaging in
yo-yo dieting.
Exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease by all of the following EXCEPT
increasing LDL levels
As part of her fitness program, Shayna runs ten times up and down the stone steps in her campus' quad. Shayna is engaging in
green exercise.
A 26-year-old male would be considered obese if he
has a body mass index of 30 or higher.
Chemicals used to kill weeds and other vegetation are
herbicides.
A large dose of cocaine can cause
increased heart rate and blood pressure.
Silvio wants to eat a healthy lunch in the college dining hall. Which of the following choices is the BEST thing he can order?
baked potato with salsa
The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the
blood alcohol concentration.
The most popular form of LSD is
blotter acid that is swallowed or chewed
The last stage of liver disease that can result from years of heavy drinking is
cirrhosis.
Foods consumed to meet emotional needs or reduce emotional insecurities are called
comfort foods.
Jason doesn't see that his addiction to heroin is self-destructive. He is experiencing
denial.
Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption?
easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants
In working to improve your eating habits, one important step to take is to
eat more slowly and stop when you begin to feel full.
A disease associated with smoking in which alveoli are destroyed is known as
emphysema.
Compulsive buying disorder is often associated with
financial problems.
Which is NOT a good source of folate?
fish
The chief function of this mineral in the body is to make teeth resistant to decay and bones resistant to mineral loss.
fluoride
You have been looking at numerous newly built homes. The headaches and fatigue you are attributing to the stress of buying a new house may actually be due to exposure to
formaldehyde
Foods believed to have additional health benefits beyond the basic nutrition they provide are known as
functional foods
Except for physical education classes in elementary and high school, Jayleen has been sedentary all her life. Motivated by her mother's recent diagnosis of high blood pressure, Jayleen, now a junior in college, wants to improve her physical fitness. Her first step should be to
get her primary healthcare provider's clearance for exercise.
The surge in obesity rates around the world has become known as
globesity.
An Air Quality Index of 50 indicates that the air quality is
good.
