Health: Body Essentials Quiz 2 Prep
recieve information, analyze it, and initiate a response
What is the purpose of the CNS?
autonomic nervous system
What part of the nervous system controls the involuntary movements of your organs?
stomach
While in the ________, food is broken down by powerful acids and turned into chyme.
immune system
Your _____ defends the body against harm.
red
_____ blood cells bring oxygen to cells and take carbon dioxide away.
lymphatic system
a system of vessels that are responsible for the removal of bacteria from the bloodstream
alveoli
are tiny air sacs through which oxygen and carbon dioxide pass in and out of the bloodstream.
aorta
body's main artery
immune system
defends your body from any organisms that threaten the destruction of cells
voluntarily
Skeletal muscles are controlled .
antibodies
destroys bacterium in the bloodstream
False
T/F Movements occur when the appendicular skeleton works independently of the muscular system.
false
T/F The appendicular skeleton consists of the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum.
true
T/F The axial skeleton protects the body's vital organs.
false
T/F The only function of the skeletal system is to provide the body with a framework.
false. bones
T/F There are 206 tendons that make up the skeletal system.
glands, hormones
The endocrine system consists of ________ that secrete _______ into the bloodstream.
four chambers
The human heart is divided into
sunlight, bacteria, injury
The integumentary system protects the body and internal organs from:
systemic
The left side of the heart performs the ________ circulation.
kidneys
The main organs of the excretory system
sweat glands
excrete(s) excess salts and water.
lymph nodes
glands that filter harmful bacteria from the lymphatic system
heart
main organ of the circulatory system
lungs
main organ of the respiratory system
voluntary
means controlled by will
involuntary
means not controlled by will.
larynx
prevents food or liquids from getting into the lungs.
kidneys
remove excess water, salts, uric acids, and chemicals from the blood.
urinary bladder
stores the waste until it is ready to be expelled from the body.
capillaries
transfer waste-filled blood from tissues into the pulmonary circulation.
smooth, cardiac
types of involuntary muscles
lymphocytes
white blood cells that produce antibodies
systemic
The circulatory system is divided into two main parts, the ________ circulation and the pulmonary circulation.
central nervous system
Skeletal and smooth muscles move when nerve impulses, sent from the _______, stimulate the muscle fibers, telling them to either contract or relax.
brain and spinal cord
2 main organs of the CNS
Artery
A blood vessel that takes oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
Chamber
A space or room within the heart.
Electrical impulse
A sudden surge of energy in one direction.
pharynx
After the food has been chewed and lubricated, it is pushed by the tongue into the___________.
bronchi
Air is passed from the trachea into the lungs through two large tubes called
warmed
As air passes through the nose, it is ______ and cleaned.
lungs
Carbon dioxide is removed from the bloodstream by the _________ .
diaphragm
Exhalation occurs when the ________________ relaxes, causing the lungs to contract.
carbon dioxide
Exhalation removes more ________ from the body than inhalation brought in.
Systemic
Having to do with the entire body.
Pulmonary
Having to do with the lungs.
electrical pulse
In what form does a neuron transmit information?
villi
Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through small finger-like nodules on the wall of the intestines called
salivary
The _____ glands in the mouth secrete enzymes which help prepare the food for digestion in the stomach.
dermis
The _____ is the inner layer of skin, which contains blood vessels, sweat glands, hair follicles, and nerve cells.
epidermis
The _____ is the outer layer of the skin, which makes the body water-proof, gives it color, and helps to maintain hydration levels.
systemic
The _______ circulation disperses oxygen-rich blood throughout the body.
renal artery
The ________ channels the waste-filled blood to the excretory system.
pulmonary
The ________ circulation brings carbon dioxide-filled blood to the lungs.
pituitary
The _________ gland controls and regulates all other glands, and it secretes growth hormones.
endocrine
The _________ system regulates the body's metabolism, growth, and functions of the sexual organs.
small intestine
The ___________ secretes salts, acids, and enzymes, which continue the breakdown of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
digestive
The ___________ system prepares food for absorption into the bloodstream.
600
The muscular system is composed of approximately ______ skeletal muscles.
peripheral
The nervous system is made up of the central and ______ nervous systems.
esophagus
The pharynx forms the food substance into balls and then pushes it into the ________.
large intestine
The remaining amounts of water, vitamins, and minerals are absorbed in the
circulatory
The respiratory system works with the ____________ system to add oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body.
anus
The undigested substances are passed out of the body through the ________.
link the CNS with the rest of the body
What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?
sends signals to muscles that are controlled voluntarily
What is the function of the somatic nervous system?
to gather, store, and respond to information
What is the main purpose of the nervous system?
