Health: Body Essentials Quiz 2 Prep

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recieve information, analyze it, and initiate a response

What is the purpose of the CNS?

autonomic nervous system

What part of the nervous system controls the involuntary movements of your organs?

stomach

While in the ________, food is broken down by powerful acids and turned into chyme.

immune system

Your _____ defends the body against harm.

red

_____ blood cells bring oxygen to cells and take carbon dioxide away.

lymphatic system

a system of vessels that are responsible for the removal of bacteria from the bloodstream

alveoli

are tiny air sacs through which oxygen and carbon dioxide pass in and out of the bloodstream.

aorta

body's main artery

immune system

defends your body from any organisms that threaten the destruction of cells

voluntarily

Skeletal muscles are controlled .

antibodies

destroys bacterium in the bloodstream

False

T/F Movements occur when the appendicular skeleton works independently of the muscular system.

false

T/F The appendicular skeleton consists of the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum.

true

T/F The axial skeleton protects the body's vital organs.

false

T/F The only function of the skeletal system is to provide the body with a framework.

false. bones

T/F There are 206 tendons that make up the skeletal system.

glands, hormones

The endocrine system consists of ________ that secrete _______ into the bloodstream.

four chambers

The human heart is divided into

sunlight, bacteria, injury

The integumentary system protects the body and internal organs from:

systemic

The left side of the heart performs the ________ circulation.

kidneys

The main organs of the excretory system

sweat glands

excrete(s) excess salts and water.

lymph nodes

glands that filter harmful bacteria from the lymphatic system

heart

main organ of the circulatory system

lungs

main organ of the respiratory system

voluntary

means controlled by will

involuntary

means not controlled by will.

larynx

prevents food or liquids from getting into the lungs.

kidneys

remove excess water, salts, uric acids, and chemicals from the blood.

urinary bladder

stores the waste until it is ready to be expelled from the body.

capillaries

transfer waste-filled blood from tissues into the pulmonary circulation.

smooth, cardiac

types of involuntary muscles

lymphocytes

white blood cells that produce antibodies

systemic

The circulatory system is divided into two main parts, the ________ circulation and the pulmonary circulation.

central nervous system

Skeletal and smooth muscles move when nerve impulses, sent from the _______, stimulate the muscle fibers, telling them to either contract or relax.

brain and spinal cord

2 main organs of the CNS

Artery

A blood vessel that takes oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.

Chamber

A space or room within the heart.

Electrical impulse

A sudden surge of energy in one direction.

pharynx

After the food has been chewed and lubricated, it is pushed by the tongue into the___________.

bronchi

Air is passed from the trachea into the lungs through two large tubes called

warmed

As air passes through the nose, it is ______ and cleaned.

lungs

Carbon dioxide is removed from the bloodstream by the _________ .

diaphragm

Exhalation occurs when the ________________ relaxes, causing the lungs to contract.

carbon dioxide

Exhalation removes more ________ from the body than inhalation brought in.

Systemic

Having to do with the entire body.

Pulmonary

Having to do with the lungs.

electrical pulse

In what form does a neuron transmit information?

villi

Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through small finger-like nodules on the wall of the intestines called

salivary

The _____ glands in the mouth secrete enzymes which help prepare the food for digestion in the stomach.

dermis

The _____ is the inner layer of skin, which contains blood vessels, sweat glands, hair follicles, and nerve cells.

epidermis

The _____ is the outer layer of the skin, which makes the body water-proof, gives it color, and helps to maintain hydration levels.

systemic

The _______ circulation disperses oxygen-rich blood throughout the body.

renal artery

The ________ channels the waste-filled blood to the excretory system.

pulmonary

The ________ circulation brings carbon dioxide-filled blood to the lungs.

pituitary

The _________ gland controls and regulates all other glands, and it secretes growth hormones.

endocrine

The _________ system regulates the body's metabolism, growth, and functions of the sexual organs.

small intestine

The ___________ secretes salts, acids, and enzymes, which continue the breakdown of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

digestive

The ___________ system prepares food for absorption into the bloodstream.

600

The muscular system is composed of approximately ______ skeletal muscles.

peripheral

The nervous system is made up of the central and ______ nervous systems.

esophagus

The pharynx forms the food substance into balls and then pushes it into the ________.

large intestine

The remaining amounts of water, vitamins, and minerals are absorbed in the

circulatory

The respiratory system works with the ____________ system to add oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body.

anus

The undigested substances are passed out of the body through the ________.

link the CNS with the rest of the body

What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?

sends signals to muscles that are controlled voluntarily

What is the function of the somatic nervous system?

to gather, store, and respond to information

What is the main purpose of the nervous system?


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