Health Law and Ethics Exam 1 Review
14. Big Timmy was recently laid off from his job and is struggling financially. His son Timmy Jr. has diabetes and is in dire need of medication which he can no longer afford. Big Timmy's only option was to break into the pharmacy and steal the insulin for his Timmy Jr. This is an example of 1 Bioethics 2 Nonconsequential ethics 3 Situational ethics 4 Religious ethics
3 Situational ethics
LIttle Timmy underwent a transplant that did not work and both the physician and parents agreed to not tell Timmy. This decision to not tell Timmy is an example of: A) Paternalism B) Breach of duty C) Negligence D) Infliction of Mental Distress
A) Paternalism
22. 7 year old, Little Jimmy, has been diagnosed with Leukemia and has to undergo treatment. Due to Jimmy's age, the attending decides that he is not a ____ patient and must obtain consent from a legal guardian or next of kin. A. Competent Patient B. Ethical Patient C. Dumb Patient D. Moral Patient
A. Competent Patient
9. A 85 y/o man arrives to the emergency department via ambulance as a code BLUE (active heart attack). EMS started chest compressions and is administering oxygen. The patient is clinically unable to give consent for this lifesaving emergency treatment. This is an example of A. Statutory Consent B. Oral Consent C. Implied Consent D. None of the above
A. Statutory Consent
12. Grandpa Chad once was addicted to tobacco, but nowadays he chews gum to replace his bad habit. One day he takes a trip to Singapore, but to his horror, the police beats him because over there, gum in all forms is forbidden by law. What ethical principle is this an example of? A.) Ethical relativism B.) Autonomy C.) Distributive Justice D.) Virtue Ethics
A.) Ethical relativism
5. Jasmine is from a culture in which her family arranges her marriage and chooses her husband for her. Would it be considered morally wrong for jasmine not to marry her parents' choice? Yes or no?
Answer: No! Ch 1 page 5 states that morals should not be confused with religious or cultural habits or customs.
14. A doctor suspects that one of his patients who is a child has been subjected to child abuse. This child plays football and had bruises all over him from the previous game. The doctor reports this as child abuse and the parent decides to sue the doctor because these bruises were the result of a football game. This doctor is protected from any consequences due to the good faith/ immunity reporting. True of False
Answer: true
Sally brings her daughter for a routine checkup to Dr. Badguy, at the end of a lengthy examination that Sally is not present for, Dr. Badguy recommends a routine Tonsillectomy. Upon later discovery that a tonsillectomy is not required, a full investigation reveals Dr. Badguy not only molested Sally's daughter but also recorded the act. What ethical concept or lack thereof is the doctor demonstrating? A) HIPAA B) A Moral Compass C) Autonomy D) Tort
B) A Moral Compass
During Little Timmy's second semester of college, his jealous girlfriend "accidentally" murdered one of his female classmates. Little Timmy does not want to turn his girlfriend into the police because his loyalty to her means most to him... Little Timmy's actions can attributed to having: A) Metaethics B) Autonomy C) A lack of moral compass D) Applied Ethics
B) Autonomy C) A lack of moral compass
Big Timmy has stage three cancer. Big Timmy preferred to not forgo the extensive months of chemotherapy. While consulting Dr. Jekyll, of whether or not Timmy should proceed with chemotherapy, Dr. Jekyll tells Big Timmy, "You will die in three months if you do not have chemotherapy and will not be able to walk your daughter down the aisle. Despite what you think, I strongly urge you to start chemotherapy." After this conversation, Big Timmy lacked confidence from the doctor and realized the doctor did not trust Big Timmy to make an informed decision regarding his healthcare. He decided to undergo chemotherapy. What is this an example of? A) Employment-Related Paternalism B) Medical Paternalism C) Paternalism D) Ethical Dilemma
B) Medical Paternalism
Hannah goes to a United Nations meeting and hears about genocide going on across the world. She hears stories about children being murdered in their homes. All across the room everyone is shocked and upset. This would be an example of A)Microethics B)Macroethics C)Autonomy D)Atheism
B)Macroethics*
The epi-pen is required for people with extreme allergic reactions and is not covered for patients with Medicare/Medicaid or uninsured patients. The recent spike in epi-pen prices has resulted in A. Declining trust in the healthcare B. Duty conflict C. Compassion D. Ethical relativism
B. Duty conflict
1. Little Timmy was walking down Hollywood Blvd when he found $100 bill on the floor. He then noticed a homeless man with a sign asking for money for food. Little Timmy considered the rightness and wrongness of his situation and decided to give the homeless man the money rather than take it for himself. What branch of philosophy best describes what Little Timmy demonstrated as he understood the goodness and badness of motives and ends? A. Beneficence B. Ethics C. Justice D. Autonomy
B. Ethics
16. James lives with his 75 year old mother Barbara, who recently suffered from a stroke that left her completely impaired. Two weeks after her stroke, James started making weekly withdrawals of $500 from her account. These unexplained withdrawals of money from Barbara's account by James would be considered: A. Psychological abuse of seniors B. Financial or material exploitation of seniors C. Abandonment of seniors D. Neglect of seniors
B. Financial or material exploitation of seniors
10. A patient was riding a bike and fell into a lake. A pedestrian called the paramedics and the patient was rushed to the hospital. When the patient arrived to the emergency room he was surfing from life threating injuries that needed immediate surgery. He is unconscious and no one is able to reach immediate family members. The doctors can perform surgery on the bases of what? A. Moral conduct B. Implied consent C. Oral Consent D. Statutory consent
B. Implied consent
13. Little Timmy presents with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver and uses his connections to move up on the liver transplant list, which moves him up past a pediatric patient that had a liver complication at birth. The physician feels conflicted because she does not feel that giving Little Timmy another liver over the pediatric patient is the right or proper behavior in this given situation. The doctor is experiencing which of the following? A. Religious ethics B. Moral judgment C. Therapeutic privilege D. Ethical relativism
B. Moral judgment
18. During a natural disaster, a nursing home lost all power and air conditioning. The staff at this nursing home decided to abandon their vulnerable bed-ridden patients rather than care for them in the rough conditions. This is an example of: A. Moral Legislation B. Patient Abuse C. Truth Telling D. Beneficence
B. Patient Abuse
12. Single mother is suffering from a coma and the court puts her children in the custody of her sister until she recovers. This is an example of? A. Patient consent B. Temporary Guardianship C. Parental Consent D. Incompetent Patient
B. Temporary Guardianship
Timmy's 12 year old daughter has been diagnosed with terminal cancer and only has 2 weeks to live. Timmy does not want his daughter to now this information, but the doctor has the responsibility to disclose this. The healthcare ethics committee begins to get involved. What would the role of the ethics committee be? A) Decision Maker; the doctor has to disclose this information to Timmy's daughter. B) Decision Maker; Timmy's daughter does not have to know. C) A resource for providing advice; not a decision maker. D) No role; this is a family issue.
C) A resource for providing advice; not a decision maker.
2. Billy Bob Banks, a college student, has become involved in an animal rights group on campus. He feels that animals should no longer be used for food, clothing, medical research or entertainment. Visiting home for Thanksgiving, he refuses to eat the turkey and gets into a heated argument with his family. His father is furious, arguing that he worked for hours to cook the meal and the bird shouldn't go to waste now. Billy responds to his father and says, "What sort of life is worth living?!" This is an example of A) Morality B) Secular Ethics C) Bioethics D) Situational Ethics
C) Bioethics
10. The family of Donald, a patient now in vegetative state with no sign of recovery, is faced with an ethical dilemma of trying to find the maximum balance of good over evil. If the patient representatives decide that discontinuing life support is the best option with the aid of the advice of the medical staff, what branch of ethics does this decision exemplify? A) Normative ethics B) Beneficence C) Consequential ethics D) None of the above
C) Consequential ethics*
Steve, a green colored man, arrives to a clinic that predominantly takes care of blue colored patients. The physician who treats Steve, collects the same exact patient history and administers the same treatment for Steve as he does for blue colored patients. Which principle for justice is the physician utilizing? A) Non-maleficence B) Autonomy C) Distributive Justice D) Moral Value
C) Distributive Justice
Based on the movie "the Purge", if a society's government decided to issue a day of legalized crime that affected the conduct of its individual members, this would be considered a change in the society's: A) Code of Conduct B) Ethics C) Morals D) Justice
C) Morals
9. Little Timmy's mom is sick and the only medication that can save his mother's life cost $5,000, which he cannot afford. He is struggling to figure out what is the right or wrong thing to do. Ultimately, he steals the medication because he believes saving his mother's life is the right thing to do. What type of ethics is this? A. Applied Ethics B. Normative Ethics C. Descriptive Ethics D. Utilitarian Ethics
C. Descriptive Ethics*
1. Little Jimmy is stuck deciding whether or not to take a Twix chocolate bar that he does not have enough money for. What will determine the decision-making process of his ultimate action as well as determine the righteousness and wrongness of what he decides to do. _________________ is the branch of philosophy that seeks to understood the nature, purposes, justification, and founding principles of moral rules and the systems they compose. A. Macroethics B. Virtue C. Ethics D. Morality
C. Ethics
You see a runaway trolley moving toward five drunk college kids who passed out after a night at the bars on the tracks. You are standing next to a lever that controls a switch. If you pull the lever, the trolley will be redirected onto a side track and the five people on the main track will be saved. However, there is a single puppy lying on the side track. You have two options: 1. Do nothing and allow the trolley to kill the five people on the main track. 2. Pull the lever, diverting the trolley onto the side track where it will kill one puppy. What ethical principle is being practiced in this situation? A. Normative Ethics B. Descriptive Ethics C. Moral Judgements D. Utilitarian Ethics
C. Moral Judgements*
11. Patient was on his way to get married, in the middle of saying his vows, when a bus crashed into the wedding venue, right before the couple said, "I Do". Fast forward rushing him to the hospital, the pt has his femur crushed, and an infection is leaking into his blood stream. The doctor recommended that the best option would be to amputate his leg in order to prevent the infection from spreading. The lead surgeon has recommended a second choice of utilizing an experimental skin graft for the femur, however it is fairly new, and they've never done a 3D printing skin graft for a bone this large. The parents say they want to amputate because they would rather him live than die, the wife to be, has stated she would like to try the skin graft, because she knows her husband best and he was an adventurer, who loved outdoor activities. What is this scenario an example of? A. Moral law B. Moral Code C. Moral Judgment D. Moral capacity
C. Moral Judgment
Sally goes to the doctor requesting a medication for weight loss. Physician refused to write the prescription because medication is shown not be effective for weight loss and can aggravate existing conditions. What is this example of? A. Justice B. Ethical Relativism C. Non-maleficence D. Informed consent
C. Non-maleficence
7. It's the end of the day, and Dr. K is running low on instruments. In order to save time, he uses the same mirror on one patient, and the next. Though he may think it's harmless, Dr. K is violating the _____ .
Code of conduct
8. A dentist is not following HIPPA. What would be an example of an important regulation that the dentist is not following.
Code of conduct
Carly is a nurse and she witnessed her doctor give too much morpheine and killed a patient. However she chooses not to say anything to the hospital board. What is this an example of? A) Situational Ethics B) Moral judgement C) Nonmaleficence D) A lack of moral compass
D) A lack of moral compass
Little Timmy went to 5 different specialists and was misdiagnosed all 5 times. He ended with a flesh eating virus and lost all 4 of his limbs. When people hear of this story, what ethical concept is triggered? A) Hippocratic Oath B) Expanding Role C) Patient Autonomy D) Declining Trust E) Religious Belief and Duty Conflict
D) Declining Trust
15. Little Timmy & his friends were discovered with a new illness. In order to increase the probabilities of finding a cure, they were kept in quarantine, away from civilization. There is a chance that the group dies in the processes of discovering the cure as the disease is spreading but they figured this the best way way to help the greater good. A) Descriptive Ethics B)Moral & Dilemmas C) Religious Ethics D)Utilitarian Ethics
D)Utilitarian Ethics
Dr. X gives patient Y a placebo claiming it was an experimental drug. The symptoms went away and the patient seemed cured, but as time went by the symptoms returned. Patient Y confronted Dr. X, who admitted the drug was a placebo. Patient Y refused to go back to the hospital in the future and eventually died due to complications. What is this an example of? A. Declining trust in healthcare B. Compassion C. Beneficence D. Maleficence
D. Maleficence
6. Abby and her boyfriend were fooling around on a Saturday night. She was sixteen years old and in high school. Long story short the condom broke, and now Abby is pregnant. Her parents want her to get an abortion but Abby has become enthralled with the idea of having a baby and raising her child. What situation does she find herself in? A. Religious dilemma B. Moral dilemma C. Situation ethics D. Moral compass
D. Moral compass
17. Suzie was sexually assaulted while walking home from school. Soon after, Suzie's father was arrested and convicted for murdering the assaulter. Later, he was convicted for murdering the man. His conviction was justified due to: A. Consequential Ethics B. Descriptive Ethics C. Applied Consent D. Morality Legislated
D. Morality Legislated
10 year old Billy showed up the hospital with a bad headache, after running a CT scan they notice he has a operable brain tumor. They contacted his parents, who later showed up and refused treatment due to religious reasons. The next day Billy shows up again, alone and cannot see. Dr. Fabio knowing the case, decided to proceed with the surgery without parental consent. Is this an example of microethics? True False
True*
1.) Sally walked across the street and got hit by a small car. The paramedics arrived and sally was taken into the ambulance where EMT A treated her quickly without asking too many questions and showing any sign of kindness. EMT B showed compassion while treating Sally. EMT B's actions are an example of: a. Beneficence b. Nonmaleficence c. Consequential Ethics d. Informed Consent
a. Beneficence
4. Ethicists believe that vaccinating young children is essential for health and is in the best interest of all people. Mr. Smith recently had a child and decided not to vaccinate his son because he believes that vaccines can still cause harm, What ethical category would you use to describe and understand Mr. Smith's behavior. a. Descriptive ethics b. Normative ethics c. Applied ethics d. Consequential ethics
a. Descriptive ethics
11. Dr. Timmy faces an ethical dilemma where he or she has the opportunity to save the patient's life, who is under age, however the patient's legal guardian has advised the doctor not to seek further procedures to save the patient. Dr. Timmy understands what is morally right to save the patient and therefore goes against the legal guardian's wishes and saves the patient anyways. What type of ethics did Dr. Timmy follow? a. Situational ethics b. Normative ethics c. Utilitarian ethics d. Consequential ethics e. Descriptive ethics
a. Situational ethics
2. Tyrone Biggums smoked his entire crack rock and instantly got a headache. He went to the hospital for relief. The doctor informed the nurse he was supposed to be given Motrin but he was mistakenly given a Z-pac instead. Tyrone went home, upon waking up in the morning he felt fine therefore no injury occurred. Was this an act of negligence? a. Yes b. No (because without injury, damages cannot be awarded)
a. Yes
4. Little Timmy wants to adopt a lab mouse because he thinks what is being done to them in the lab is unethical. What section in chapter one has little Timmy mastered in? a. bioethics b. atheism c. moral values d. autonomy
a. bioethics*
8. A hospital came to the realization that one of their surgeons were purposely botching surgeries. Two patients died under his care. The hospital administration is meeting to decide to whether ignore the fact that his cases happened or fire him. They want to make the morally right decision. This would be an example of _____ a. normative ethics b. metaethics c. secular ethics d. kindness
a. normative ethics*
13. A Patient consulted with their doctor regarding a new drug on the market. The doctor personally receives a certain percentage of sales on the amount of prescriptions he writes for this specific drug. The patient is siked that there is a new cure for their disease. However the doctor failed to mention the possible risk of internal bleeding, suicidal thoughts, blindness and possible loss of limb. The doctor demonstrated a)adequate consent b)inadequate consent c) bioethics d)parental consent
b)inadequate consent
1.) Little Timmy's wife is severely sick, there is a pharmaceutical company that has the miracle drug. However, the miracle drug cost 100,000 dollars. Little Timmy decided to steal the drug, from little Timmy's perspective how was this decision rational? a. Normative ethics b. Micro ethics c. Paternalism d. Macro ethics
b. Micro ethics
1. Timmy and Tommy are stranded without food or water in the desert. After Timmy dies, Tommy must decide if he should resort to cannibalism to survive. This is an example of a. Informed consent b. Situational Ethics c. Religious ethics d. Sexual harassment
b. Situational Ethics
16. Timmy's father, John, was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis 6 years ago. He is now experiencing the symptoms of end stage MS. He is bed bound, unable to feed himself and uses a catheter to use the restroom. As the hospital bills are adding up, his family is experiencing major financial burdens. One day, during a visit from his doctor, John requested assisted suicide to take effect when he reaches the point of his inability to breathe on his own. The physician knows him and his family very well and has to take on the task of searching for what is right or wrong in today's society. what theory of ethics does this scenario exemplify? a. descriptive ethics b. applied ethics c. consequential ethics d. religious ethics
b. applied ethics
17. In the movie, Miss Evers Boys, the nurse Miss Evers recruits patients for doctors who were doing a study on syphilis. Miss Evers felt this was her duty and that it would help the community. However, she did not realize that by doing so, it was actually not leading to any greater good, since the patients were not going to be given the available treatment for syphilis. Miss Evers' act of recruiting patients is an example of which type of ethical theory? a) Normative Ethics b) Consequential Ethics c) Utilitarian Ethics d) Deontological Ethics
c) Utilitarian Ethics
20. Sally went to visit Jimmy in his home country. As a welcome meal, Jimmy prepared Giraffe meat stew for dinner. Sally was very offended and Jimmy did not understand why she was so upset as this was an accepted norm of his culture. What ethical concept is this an example of? a. Code of Conduct b. Principle of Doing Good c. Ethical Relativism d. Moral Compass
c. Ethical Relativism
21. Sally has been on life support for over a year. Medical bills are piling up and her family is conflicted on whether or not they should take her off support. They are conflicted on what decision to make and are now seeking consolation. Who should they seek to advise them on this decision? a. Board of trustees b. The Patient c. Ethics committee d. Good faith Reporting
c. Ethics committee
1.) Lil' Timmy arrives in the ED with his wife Lil' Sally, who had a stroke and requires life-sustaining measures to survive. Lil' Sally told Lil' Timmy she would never want to be on machine-provided life-sustaining measures, but she never filed an official advance directive. If Lil' Timmy is unsure of what to do, which of the following would be an appropriate course of action? a. Lil' Timmy flips a coin to decide. b. Lil' Timmy asks a stranger in the ED to decide. c. Lil' Timmy requests a consultation with the hospital ethics committee. d. Lil' Timmy leaves it in the hands of God.
c. Lil' Timmy requests a consultation with the hospital ethics committee.
Dr. McSteamy was in the middle of performing a breast augmentation on his patient. He noticed that one of his residents began to take pictures with her personal cell phone of the patient's deformed breasts. He turned his head and continued on with his surgery without reprehending the resident. Clearly the doctor failed to follow protocol. Which of the following terms did he violate? a) Moral Dilemmas b) Moral Values c) Code of Ethics d) Code of Conduct
d) Code of Conduct*
Timmy presents to the ED with pneumonia and a past medical history of Alzheimer's, with his Niece who does not have power of attorney for Timmy. Because there was no one there to take control of Timmy's medical decisions, the ethical committee was involved in the patient's treatment plan. Which of the follow is true in regard to the decision-making process for Timmy's treatment plan? a) The ethics committee has full control of what Timmy's treatment plan will be due to niece not having power of attorney for Timmy's decision making. b) The ethics committee will grant the power of attorney to the niece in order for her to make the decision for Timmy. c) Timmy will be turned away from hospital until he obtains a power of attorney due to his mental state. d) The ethical committee can give suggestions on possible treatment plans but cannot make decisions for Timmy's plan of care.
d) The ethical committee can give suggestions on possible treatment plans but cannot make decisions for Timmy's plan of care.
Dr. Chewie has recently moved to America from his home planet where it is customary for doctors to chew out their patients. Dr. Chewie's supervisor does not believe that this is an acceptable practice and tells him to stop. The difference in views between the two people is an example of: ____________________. a. Maleficence b. Tort law c. Relative autonomy d. Ethical relativism e. Distributive Justice
d. Ethical relativism
15. 1. Officer Bob's wife was murdered by little Timmy. He is driving home one day and finds little Timmy's car flipped over on the side of the road.Little Timmy is hurt and calls out for help. Officer Bob's decision on how he ought to act in this situation is an example of? a. Consequential ethics b. Applied ethics c. Descriptive ethics d. Normative ethics
d. Normative ethics
3. Officer Bob's wife was murdered by little Timmy. He is driving home one day and find little Timmy's car flipped over on the side of the road.Little Timmy is hurt and calls out for help. What type of ethics should officer bob follow so that his conduct is morally right? a. Consequential ethics b. Applied ethics c. Descriptive ethics d. Normative ethics
d. Normative ethics
19. Mr. Jones recently had a consultation with a cardiologist and was referred to a neurologist for further evaluation. His medical records were sent from one office to another, however there was some information Mr. Jones didn't want to be sent. Does Mr. Jones have a right request a list of the disclosures made regarding his care? ‣ Yes, because they are his medical records ‣ Yes, because he has a right to an accounting of nonstandard disclosures ‣ No, because patient information is private ‣ No, because Mr. Jones asks too many questions
‣ Yes, because he has a right to an accounting of nonstandard disclosures
