Health Psychology Week 1 PPT
Brief History of Health Psychology
*Psychological factors in health has been studied since the early 20th century by disciplines such as "psychosomatic medicine" and later, " behavioral medicine", but these were primarily branches of medicine, not psychology. *Health Psychology began to emerge as a distinct discipline of psychology in the United States in the 1970s.
Professional Health Psychology Organization
Professional organizations for the field of health psychology include: *Division 38 of the APA *The Division of Health Psychology of the British Psychological Society *The European Health Psychology Society. *Advanced credentialing in the U.S. as a Clinical Health Psychologist is provided through the American Board of Professional Psychology. *ABPP certification
Health Psychology (APA)
Psychologist who help patients manage chronic disease and avoid preventable diseases by incorporating psychological theory and research to develop methods to assist patients in maintaining healthy lifestyles.
Health Psychology: Public Health Psychology
Public Health Psychology focus is population oriented. *They investigate potential causal links between psychosocial factors and health at the population level. *Public health psychologists present research results to educators, policy makers, and health care providers in order to promote better public health. *The Health Psychologists are allied to other public health disciplines including epidemiology, nutrition, genetics and biostatistics. **Work as administrators in County Government, and hospitals
Health Psychology: Clinical Health Psychology
Clinical Health Psychology refers to the application of scientific knowledge, derived from the field of health psychology, to clinical questions that may arise across the spectrum of health care. *This is one of many specialty practice area for clinical psychologists. *In some countries, a clinical health psychologist, with additional training, can become a medical psychologist can obtain prescription privileges. ***England *A background in Health Psychology is often very helpful to receive prescription privileges in designated states in the US. *Majority of Health Psychologists work in this area
Health Psychology: Community Health Psychology
Community Health Psychology: investigates community factors that contribute to the health and well-being of individuals who live in communities. *They work in public health and deal with systems wide issues. **They develop community-level interventions that are designed to combat disease and promote physical and mental health.
Health Psychology: Critical Health Psychology
Critical Health Psychology is concerned with the distribution of power and the impact of power differentials on health experience and behavior, health care systems, and health policy. **This is more of an administrative or legislative focus *They prioritizes social justice and the universal right to health for people of all races, genders, ages, and socioeconomic positions. *A leading organization in this area is the International Society of Critical Health Psychology.
Health Psychologist training consist of:
Health Psychologists are trained to know about the disease processes, physiology and how the mind/body can work together and increase well being.
Health Psychology Consist of...
Health Psychology comes from the blending of medicine and psychology. Psychology's knowledge of mind and body is used to help individuals to: a) understand their illness b) cope better c) manage their pain d) learn to empower themselves.
What major discipline did health psychology grow out of?
Health Psychology grew out of kindred field of Clinical Psychology.
History of Health Psychology
*1911, APA proposed that physicians have education in psychology as part of their training *However, medical schools did not adopt this idea until 1940's. *1960's AMA officially adopted psychology into it's curriculum for medical students and residents **In addition to coursework, pediatric and primary care residents are required to participate in a 1 month rotation through psychology departments in hospitals
History of Health Psychology
*1977 APA developed a division of health psychology. *This was championed by led by Joseph Matarazzo. *At its first conference, Matarazzo gave a speech often seen as a foundation of health psychology defining the new field as **Health psychology is the aggregate of the specific educational, scientific and professional contributions of the discipline of psychology to the promotion and maintenance of health, the prevention and treatment of illness, the identification of diagnostic and etiologic correlates of health, illness and related dysfunction, and the analysis and improvement of the healthcare system and health policy formation.
Training in Health Psychology
*A Health Psychologist will have demonstrated competencies in all of the following areas: **professional skills (including implementing ethical and legal standards, communication and team work), **research skills (including designing, conducting and analyzing psychological research in numerous areas), **Consultancy skills (including planning and evaluation), **Teaching and training skills (including knowledge of designing, delivering and evaluating large and small scale training programs), **Intervention skills (including delivery and evaluation of behavior change interventions).
What are the four different divisions within health psychology
*Clinical Health Psychology *Public Health *Community Health Psychology *Critical Health Psychology
Psychodynamic History of Health Psychology
*Freud was interested in the biological factors of the illnesses he treated. *Abandoned the medical explanation of "neurosis" for his tripartite model since he could not verify anatomically his constructs.
History of Health Psychology
*In the 1980's, Training programs were set up in these countries, usually training health psychologists at graduate level, and in the United States, at postdoctoral level after completing a doctoral degree in clinical psychology such as the Psy.D. or Ph.D. *Some Graduate schools began to be award a degree in health psychology or an areas of concentration. *Today, health psychology is one of the most popular courses in undergraduate psychology degrees, as a choice for Masters degrees such as MSc, and as a career choice in psychology.
History of Health Psychology
*In the 1980s, similar organizations were set up in the United Kingdom as the British Psychological Society's Division of Health Psychology. *In 1986, and the European Health Psychology Society that same year. *Similar organizations developed in other countries such as Australia and Japan.
Health Psychologist are involved with.....
*Persons with chronic disease *Prevention *Chronic pain *Promotion of health lifestyles *Conduct research *Educate patients as to what they can control in their health *Deal with underlying issues (anxiety, depression) associated with illness
Health Psychologist tools/role:
Health psychologists provide tools and teach their patients new skills so that they can learn to help themselves. The Health psychologist's role is to provide information so that patients can ultimately make their own informed and conscious decision. *Role is much more educative that psychodynamic
What type of teams are health psychologist involved with?
Health psychologists work (ideally) on multidisciplinary teams in integrated care settings: *including working with physicians *nutritionists *dietician *physical therapists They work side by side with physicians so they can discuss and share relevant information to best serve their patient.
Health Psychology Definition
Health psychology is the study of psychological and behavioral processes in health, illness and healthcare. It is concerned with understanding how psychological, behavioral and cultural factors are involved in physical health and illness, in addition to the biological causes that are well understood by medicine.
What type of view a health psychologist take:
Health psychology provides a holistic perspective to health. They takes into account not only a person's physical illness and symptoms but: *The client's life experience *Contextual issues *Impact of relationships *Level of support *A bio-psycho- socio- spiritual- cultural perspective
Health Psychology AKAs
Medical Psychology Behavioral Medicine Psychosomatic Medicine Integrative Health Services
Name the allied field that grew out of clinical psychology.
Occupational Health Psychology
