HHS 231 Quizzes - Midterm 1

A change in the body that occurs as a result of exercise training is known as A) training effect. B) homeostasis. C) overload. D) metabolic equivalent.

A

An event or circumstance to which the body tries to adapt is A) a stressor. B) a fight-or-flight response. C) a stress response. D) eustress.

A

Cardiorespiratory fitness is defined as the A) ability of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to supply oxygen to muscles. B) ability of the muscular system to generate power during interval training. C) maximum amount of weight that can be lifted one time. D) maximal amount of blood expelled per beat.

A

Decreasing stress related to performance demands involves A) setting priorities. B) pushing yourself harder. C) setting unrealistic deadlines. D) having high expectations.

A

Foods that typically make you feel full and keep you satisfied longer A) consist of higher amounts of fiber. B) are higher in refined carbohydrates. C) contain more fat than protein. D) are lower in water content.

A

How long should the exercise-to-rest transition take? A) 5 to 15 minutes B) less than 1 minute C) 20 to 30 minutes D) 2 to 3 minutes

A

Jim wants to improve his health and would like a professional to help him with his diet. Which of the following people would be the best person to help Jim? A) a registered dietitian B) his mother, a registered nurse C) a trainer at the gym D) a nutritionist

A

Psychologically hardy people are characterized by A) personal control. B) competitiveness. C) lack of commitment. D) fear of challenges.

A

Small blood vessels that branch from arterioles and allow exchange of nutrients and wastes from body cells are known as A) capillaries. B) arteries. C) bronchioles. D) veins.

A

The FITT formula is used to A) design a safe and effective exercise program. B) estimate energy expenditure. C) determine how much water to consume during exercise. D) estimate body composition.

A

What substance lubricates and protects joints? A) synovial fluid B) adipose tissue C) blood D) cartilage

A

Which of the following do Americans need to consume more of? A) fruits and vegetables B) meat and milk C) oils and vegetables D) meat and whole grains

A

Which of the following is a benefit of maintaining a good level of flexibility? A) prevention of low back pain B) decreased level of body fat C) increased muscular strength D) decreased risk of diabetes

A

Which of the following occurs as a result of the fight-or-flight response? A) respiration increases B) perspiration decreases C) digestion increases D) pupils constrict

A

A stress management technique that identifies muscular tension and releases it one muscle group at a time is called A) meditation. B) progressive muscle relaxation. C) eccentric contraction. D) biofeedback.

B

All of the following are tools for enhancing flexibility except A) a stretching strap. B) the Valsalva maneuver. C) a massage stick. D) a foam roller.

B

Being physically fit, getting regular medical exams, and having a healthy diet are all components of ________ wellness. A) emotional B) physical C) mental D) social

B

Changing your behavioral response to stress involves A) continuing to respond the way you always have to a stressor. B) assessing the stressor. C) ignoring the stressor. D) acquiring more possessions.

B

Gender differences in flexibility seem to indicate that A) both genders are equivalent in flexibility. B) differences are specific to particular joints. C) men overall have a higher degree of flexibility than women. D) women overall have a higher degree of flexibility than men.

B

Jim has been jogging for 20 minutes per session and is now ready to increase his program. According to the 10 percent rule, Jim should increase his workout time by no more than A) 6 minutes. B) 2 minutes. C) 14 minutes. D) 10 minutes.

B

Which of the below is an action-oriented objective in a SMART goal setting system? A) Increase my running speed to an 8 1/2-minute mile pace. B) Run on the trail 4 times a week. C) Complete the Rock 'n Roll marathon next year. D) Increase my distance by one-half mile every other week.

B

Which of the following affects flexibility? A) agility B) activity level C) muscular endurance D) ethnicity

B

Which of the following is a role of sodium in the body? A) maintain strong teeth B) regulate the water contents of blood and body fluids C) help in blood clotting D) aid in bone development

B

Which of the following is a specific, time-oriented goal for weight loss? A) I will actively work toward achieving a healthy weight by next year. B) I will lose 2 pounds in the next month. C) I will lose weight this year. D) I will lose 10 lbs.

B

Which of the following is a way to get more heart-healthy fat into the diet? A) increase intake of partially hydrogenated vegetable oil B) cook with unsaturated oils C) increase intake of processed foods D) eat bologna rather than poultry

B

Which of the following is illustrative of food insecurity? A) A student chooses pizza at a food stand on the way back to his dorm. B) A family chooses a restaurant that provides the most amount of foods at the lowest cost. C) A father starts his day with two cups of coffee every morning. D) A mother chooses foods that can be prepared in 15 minutes or less.

B

Which statement is not correct regarding the energy nutrients? A) The energy nutrients are all organic. B) Most of your daily calories should come from protein. C) The amount of calories you need daily is based on your age, gender, and activity level. D) The energy nutrients include carbohydrate, fat, and protein.

B

With training, resting heart rate decreases. This is primarily the result of an increase in A) metabolic rate. B) stroke volume. C) triglycerides. D) diastolic blood pressure.

B

A double-blind placebo-controlled experiment is A) an idea generated by scientists based on their observations. B) research that involves looking at factors in two or more groups of subjects to see if there is a relationship to certain outcomes. C) research in which neither the subjects nor the scientists know which group received the treatment and which group received a placebo. D) a stepwise process used by scientists to generate sound research findings.

C

A set of physical or emotional reactions following a stressful event or circumstance is A) a stressor. B) eustress. C) a stress response. D) a fight-or-flight response.

C

A vitamin that increases the absorption of calcium is A) vitamin E. B) vitamin C. C) vitamin D. D) vitamin A.

C

An oil high in monounsaturated fatty acid is A) corn oil. B) sunflower oil. C) olive oil. D) cottonseed oil.

C

An organized, deliberate effort to alter or replace a habit or activity is known as A) countering. B) contemplation. C) behavior change. D) motivation.

C

Disruption of a person's "normal" physiological state due to an event or circumstance is known as A) homeostasis. B) cognitive coping. C) stress. D) appraisal.

C

Going for a walk instead of eating dessert is an example of A) shaping. B) modeling. C) countering. D) relapse.

C

How many minutes of moderate physical activity should an adult perform each week to maintain health? A) 200 minutes B) 75 minutes C) 150 minutes D) 60 minutes

C

Muscular strength is defined as the ability of your muscles to A) use oxygen to sustain exercise. B) contract repeatedly over time. C) exert force. D) change body position rapidly.

C

Shaping is defined as A) substituting a healthy behavior for an unhealthy behavior. B) following a plan of action. C) making a series of small changes. D) controlling the environment.

C

The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for sodium is A) 3500 mg or less per day. B) 2800 mg or less per day. C) 2400 mg or less per day. D) 3000 mg or less per day.

C

The left ventricle pumps blood to the A) atria. B) right ventricle. C) systemic circulation. D) pulmonary circulation.

C

The region of the brain that releases hormones that first trigger the stress response is called the A) temporal lobe. B) medulla oblongata. C) hypothalamus. D) cerebellum.

C

The three metabolic energy systems are A) nonoxidative, glycolytic, and anaerobic. B) immediate, stored, and delayed. C) immediate, oxidative, and nonoxidative. D) stored, oxidative, and antioxidative.

C

When people talk about "lower-back pain" they are most likely referring to discomfort in what area? A) None of the answers is correct. B) cervical spine C) lumbar spine D) thoracic spine

C

Which nutrient class supplies glucose as the main source of energy for the body? A) lipids B) vitamins C) carbohydrates D) proteins

C

________ barriers to physical activity include both external/physical factors and social/interpersonal factors that may make it harder or easier for you to exercise. A) Psychological B) Physiological C) Environmental D) Personal

C

A primary purpose of the general cool-down is to slowly return ________ back to resting levels. A) muscle elasticity B) blood sugar level C) free fatty acids D) breathing rate

D

Aerobic exercise training has been shown to A) decrease brain volume. B) increase LDL cholesterol C) decrease metabolic rate. D) improve cognitive function.

D

Essential nutrients A) can only be manufactured in the body. B) can only be obtained from nutritional supplements. C) must always be available in the body in order for it to sustain life. D) can only be obtained from the diet.

D

SMART goals are A) strategic, measurable, advanced, realistic, and time-oriented. B) sensible, meaningful, action-oriented, realistic, and targeted. C) specific, meaningful, aerobic, rigorous, and targeted. D) specific, measurable, action-oriented, realistic, and time-oriented.

D

Stress relaxation techniques A) increase cortisol levels. B) tense the muscles. C) lower immunity. D) focus the mind and breathing.

D

The "bad cholesterol," which leads to plaque deposits in blood vessels, is known as A) HDL. B) lipoproteins. C) triglycerides. D) LDL.

D

The stable, constant internal environment that our body maintains at rest is known as A) metabolism. B) diastole. C) systole. D) homeostasis.

D

To counter a lack of motivation, you should choose exercise that is A) easy and low-impact. B) risky and impressive. C) challenging and repetitive. D) fun and convenient.

D

When hydrogen atoms are added to an unsaturated oil to cause more complete saturation, it produces A) triglycerides. B) polyunsaturated fatty acids. C) omega-6 fatty acids. D) trans fats.

D

When stretching, you should hold each stretch for at least A) 5 seconds. B) 30 seconds. C) a minute. D) 10 seconds.

D

Which is the correct definition of the term organic? A) grown in rich soil B) contains nitrogen C) contains hydrogen D) contains carbon

D

Which of the following is a good strategy for avoiding stretching-related injuries? A) activating stretch receptors when you want to relax B) holding stretches for no more than 5 seconds C) overstretching if you are hyperflexible D) stretching only after warming up muscles

D

Which of the following is attributed to regular physical activity? A) increased levels of blood sugar B) high blood pressure C) increased risk of back pain D) reduced risk of weight gain

D

Which of the following is the best specific, time-oriented goal for exercise? A) I'll become healthier. B) I'll lose 5 pounds by next month. C) I'll increase my running time over the next month. D) I'll run 3 miles in 30 minutes by mid-July.

D

Which of the following would be considered an example of an aerobic activity? A) racquetball B) half-court basketball C) sprinting D) cycling

D

It is more difficult to decide to change a behavior than to commit to changing it. 1. True 2. False

False

The best time to stretch is just before a workout. 1. True 2. False

False

Winning the approval of someone else is a good reason to change a behavior. 1. True 2. False

False

A quack is a person who promotes products solely to make money, with no regard for the actual effectiveness of the product. 1. True 2. False

True

Having physical activity regulated by someone else is negatively associated with activity levels. 1. True 2. False

True

It is not a good idea to change your diet based on a single study. 1. True 2. False

True

Lack of flexibility can cause changes in posture. 1. True 2. False

True

Strong core muscles can lead to increased performance levels in all of your activities. 1. True 2. False

True

Studies have shown that even at 10 years of age, children may not understand the persuasive intent of advertisements. 1. True 2. False

True

The U.S. government requires that every food package list all ingredients in order of largest to smallest ingredient by weight. 1. True 2. False

True