Hist 102 beyond ch 15

What did Marx and Engels believe would be the outcome of the conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat? A victory by the bourgeoisie that would reduce the proletariat to slavery A victory by the bourgeoisie that would result in the reinforcement of capitalism and private property, and things would stay as they were A victory by the proletariat that would lead to the return of an idealized form of feudalism A victory by the proletariat that would result in the destruction of capitalism, the end of private property, and the eventual withering away of the state

A victory by the proletariat that would result in the destruction of capitalism, the end of private property, and the eventual withering away of the state

How would life in Fourier's phalanx qualify as a reform of Restoration Europe's economic order? All members would work at diverse tasks, for short periods of time. All members would receive the same pay for their work. All members would learn how to do all of the necessary tasks to keep the phalanx running. All members would do what they could, and take what they needed from the community.

All members would work at diverse tasks, for short periods of time.

In which of the following ways did the Zuku leader, Shaka, resemble Mongol leaders? Both used cavalry and archers as the core of their military forces. Both had the ability to incorporate defeated communities into the state. Both were known for their ability to tolerate challenges from within their state. Both came from peasant roots, rising to positions of authority based on their prowess as warriors.

Both had the ability to incorporate defeated communities into the state.

In what way did the Mayans who followed José María Barrera resemble the Chinese who followed Hong in the Taiping Rebellion? Both the Mayans and the Chinese were driven by hunger to surrender to work on plantations. Both the Mayans and the Chinese were led by ruling elites who sympathized with the plight of the peasants. Both the Mayans and the Chinese followed visionaries who formed alternative religions that combined Christian beliefs, symbols, and rituals with traditional beliefs and legends. Both the Mayans and the Chinese were able to create enduring semiautonomous states within the larger nation.

Both the Mayans and the Chinese followed visionaries who formed alternative religions that combined Christian beliefs, symbols, and rituals with traditional beliefs and legends.

What event sparked the Great Rebellion of 1857? British reprisals against peasants who refused to pay their taxes The British East India Company issuing IOUs to soldiers in lieu of their salaries A rumor that cow and pig fat had been used to grease the cartridges used in soldiers' rifles A rumor that the food provided by the British East India Company violated soldiers' religious beliefs

A rumor that cow and pig fat had been used to grease the cartridges used in soldiers' rifles

Which of the following was called for in the People's Charter? Creating land charters to protect the property rights of small farmers Creating charters outlining the rights of workers in mines and mills The eight-hour day, weekends off, and safer working conditions in factories Annual parliamentary elections, universal male suffrage, and the secret ballot

Annual parliamentary elections, universal male suffrage, and the secret ballot

Why did Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels call their theories "scientific" socialism? Because their arguments were based in statistical analysis Because their inspiration came from Newton's grand synthesis of knowledge, the Principia Because their arguments were rooted in a materialist view of history Because all of their statements had been verified through experimentation

Because their arguments were rooted in a materialist view of history

The Shawnee prophet Tenskwatawa was similar to Hong Xiuquan in which of the following ways? Both drew on native as well as Muslim traditions in their preaching. Both led rebellions that were ultimately successful. Both had religious visions and embraced a strict moral code. Both used western astronomy to prove their personal powers.

Both had religious visions and embraced a strict moral code.

Which of the following nineteenth-century principles derived from the revolutions of the late eighteenth century? Mercantilism Government by and for property holding citizens The emergence of international law Monarchical absolutism

Government by and for property holding citizens

Why did Charles Fourier consign nasty jobs such as cleaning latrines to adolescents? He believed that in the interest of harmony, everyone had to work. He believed that all work was ennobling, and the young should be taught this at an early age. He believed that adolescents would move on to better jobs after they had proved themselves. He believed that adolescents liked to muck about in filth.

He believed that adolescents liked to muck about in filth.

How did nationalist thinkers define "the nation"? In terms of shared economic interests In terms of adherence to the same religion In terms of a common language, culture, and history In terms of shared family relationships

In terms of a common language, culture, and history

How did the British change their approach to ruling India after 1857? The British began to use railroads, roads, and telegraph lines to link the region together. India came under the British crown's direct control. The British stopped allowing Indians to serve in the British army. The British restored control of cotton manufacturing to India.

India came under the British crown's direct control.

What change did the British East India Company make in its approach to ruling India during the 1840s? It ceded its control of India to the British crown. It annexed more land and stripped native aristocrats of their privileges. It encouraged the Mughal emperor to rule as an absolute monarch. It banned the practice of the Hindu religion in India.

It annexed more land and stripped native aristocrats of their privileges.

Why did American officials fear Tecumseh's message even more than his brother's? Officials feared that Tecumseh's support of the ghost dance would draw away workers for American farms. Officials feared that Tecumseh's large army would be able to attack Washington, DC and other eastern cities. Officials feared that Christians would begin to convert to the visionary future preached by Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa. Officials feared that Tecumseh's attempt to create a confederation of Native American tribes could lead to a nation comparable to that of the Aztecs.

Officials feared that Tecumseh's attempt to create a confederation of Native American tribes could lead to a nation comparable to that of the Aztecs.

In what way did the peasants show their divergence from the Indian elite in the Great Rebellion of 1857? Peasants attacked Hindu princes who were seen as capitulating to Mughal rulers. Peasants followed traditional leaders only, not those who had training under the British. Peasants attempted to overthrow the Mughal dynasty because it had betrayed the Islamic faith. Peasants attacked both Indian and British people and places that represented their oppression.

Peasants attacked both Indian and British people and places that represented their oppression.

Which of the following groups was most attracted to Wahhabi Islam? People who believed their current version of Islam was too restrictive and needed to compromise with local cultural traditions People who felt threatened by new commercial activities and the increasing pace of intellectual change People who belonged to Sufi sects and devoted themselves to Muslim saints People who supported the power of the Ottoman Empire in the Arabian Peninsula

People who felt threatened by new commercial activities and the increasing pace of intellectual change

What did the groups that led the 1848 revolutions in Europe have in common? They shared a desire for independent nations and to overthrow the existing elites. They shared a belief in the triumph of the proletariat. The groups were all middle class, such as doctors, university professors and students, and lawyers. The groups were all working class, such as artisans, printers, and peasants.

They shared a desire for independent nations and to overthrow the existing elites.

Why were women especially drawn to Fourier's proposed reforms? Women longed for a way to address the social problems of poverty, prostitution, and the exploitation of workers. Women were captivated by Fourier's charismatic speaking style. Women were pleased to see the unpleasant jobs spread around to all groups instead of being consigned to women. Women longed for a way to return to an idealized country life.

Women longed for a way to address the social problems of poverty, prostitution, and the exploitation of workers.

Which of the following was the most important device used by Mexicans to lure Mayans into plantation labor? Debt peonage forced fathers and sons to work for low wages on sugar plantations. The imposition of the new caste of "Indians" meant Mayans had few political rights and could be forced into plantation servitude. Mexicans lured Mayans with promises of teaching them new agricultural techniques that would enrich Mayan villages. Mayans were forced to work on plantations to free their wives and children who had been taken hostage by the plantation owners.

Debt peonage forced fathers and sons to work for low wages on sugar plantations.

The leaders of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Islamic revitalization movements sought to reestablish the glory of Islam through which practice? Abolishing slavery in all Muslim lands Making alliances between Islam and other religious traditions Increasing the Islamic presence in world markets Establishing new religiously based governments in lands already under Muslim control

Establishing new religiously based governments in lands already under Muslim control

Which of the following groups supported Usman dan Fodio's revolt against the Hausa city-states? Ruling elites Fulani tribes people Igbo merchants Hausa women

Fulani tribes people

What was one of the reasons for the collapse of the Taiping Rebellion? It failed to attract strong support from the peasants. It received from Western powers, which alienated the majority of the Chinese people. It failed to attract strong support from the landed gentry and other elite groups. Its followers were mainly Manchus, alienating the Han Chinese majority.

It failed to attract strong support from the landed gentry and other elite groups.

Hong Xiuquan believed that he was: an administrative prodigy who could reform Qing governance. the heir to the tradition of Muhammad. a representative leader of the Chinese peasantry. Jesus's younger brother sent to rid the world of evil.

Jesus's younger brother sent to rid the world of evil.

Why did small-scale settlements in southern Africa give way to larger states during the early nineteenth century? Larger states were better equipped to compete for limited land and resources. Larger states were more efficient at gathering goods for trade with Europeans, and benefited from European technologies. Larger states were better at utilizing agricultural land, allowing them to relieve population pressure more effectively than smaller settlements. Larger states were able to experiment with new leadership styles, ending their dependence on traditional forms of political order.

Larger states were better equipped to compete for limited land and resources.

The Taiping Rebellion was a nineteenth-century example of what Chinese tradition? Confucian codes of administration Rejection of outside influences as inferior to Chinese ideas Millenarian peasant revolts Violent uprisings by members of ethnic minority groups

Millenarian peasant revolts

Which of the following was a sharp contrast between millenarian revolts such as the Taiping Rebellion and orthodox institutions? Millenarian revolts were often led by scholars. Millenarian movements were inspired by Confucian, not Daoist, ideals. Millenarian movements were supported by militias raised by the gentry. Millenarian revolts often had women in leadership roles.

Millenarian revolts often had women in leadership roles.

The impetus of Mohammad Ibn al-Wahhab's Islamic reform movement was a reaction to which of the following? The presence of multiple Islamic empires such as the Mughals and the Ottomans The tendency of some Muslims to experiment with European ideas and technologies Polytheistic beliefs that had taken root among some Muslims Debates among representatives of different religions at the Mughal court

Polytheistic beliefs that had taken root among some Muslims

On what idea could disparate groups of radicals agree? Popular sovereignty Return to the status quo Constitutional monarchy Abolishing private property

Popular sovereignty

Which of the following contributed to social and political instability in both China and Africa? Decreasing opium consumption Declining involvement in foreign trade Pressure from a growing population Increased standards of living among the peasantry

Pressure from a growing population

The goals of European reactionaries during the Restoration period included which of the following? Secularization of the state Curtailment of royal privileges Rejection of change Reversal of the beginnings of industrialization

Rejection of change

Which of the following characterized the British counterinsurgency effort in India? The British bribed rebel leaders to stop the uprising. The British responded brutally; villages were destroyed and leaders were tied to cannons and executed. The British expended a great deal of effort to preserve Indian lives and property to avoid alienating the population. As a gesture of goodwill, the British returned the land that they had previously annexed.

The British responded brutally; villages were destroyed and leaders were tied to cannons and executed.

How did the outcome of the War of 1812 hasten the ethnic cleansing of Native Americans east of the Mississippi? Both the British and the French slaughtered large numbers of Native Americans in the conflict. The Shawnee migrated to Canada, leaving the lands south of the Great Lakes free of Native American tribes. The British withdrew their support from south of the Great Lakes, leaving the Shawnee at the mercy of land hungry American settlers. Other tribes west of the Mississippi who had sided with the Americans supported the removal of the eastern tribes.

The British withdrew their support from south of the Great Lakes, leaving the Shawnee at the mercy of land hungry American settlers.

Prior to the mid-nineteenth century, how did the Mayan experience of colonial rule differ from that of other indigenous Mexican peoples? A stronger missionary presence meant that more Mayans converted to Christianity. The Mayans escaped forced labor recruitment and social disruption because their territory lacked minerals or fertile land. Conflict between the Spanish and the Portuguese meant that more Mayans were killed in war. The Mayans were less able to participate in trade than other Mexican natives because they lacked port cities.

The Mayans escaped forced labor recruitment and social disruption because their territory lacked minerals or fertile land.

Wahhabi Islam was a direct threat to the political power of which of the following? The Napoleonic Empire The Ottoman Empire The House of Saud The British Empire

The Ottoman Empire

Which of the following was a common factor in the Shawnee, Maya, and Indian rebellions against colonial control? A rejection of traditional cultural and political resources Nonviolent resistance against colonial power The use of prophecy and charismatic leadership Reliance on Christian traditions taught by missionaries

The use of prophecy and charismatic leadership

Which of the following is a similarity between the goals of Hong, the leaders of the Islamic revitalization movements, and Shaka? They all proposed a return to the ways of traditional Islam. They all sought to restore lost harmony and perceived the present world as unjust. They all rejected foreign religious ideas. They all believed that lack of harmony was caused by foreign rule.

They all sought to restore lost harmony and perceived the present world as unjust.

What was a goal of the Mayans in the Yucatan peninsula when they revolted against the Mexican government in 1847? They wanted complete cultural autonomy. They wanted political independence. They wanted to retain the right to own their land individually. They wanted political equality with other Mexicans.

They wanted political equality with other Mexicans.

How did the status of Islam in West Africa change after the establishment of the Sokoto caliphate? It changed from a minority religion to the majority religion in the region. It changed from an urban religion to the religion of rural pastoralists. It changed from a polytheistic religion to a monotheistic religion. It changed from a warlike religion to a peaceful religion.

It changed from a minority religion to the majority religion in the region.

During the early nineteenth century, which of the following led to a crisis in southern Africa? Outbreaks of epidemic disease that depleted the population The introduction of opium by the British Overpopulation that strained the region's resource base Islamic reform movements challenging existing rulers

Overpopulation that strained the region's resource base

In Restoration-period Europe, which of the following was a goal of liberal thinkers? Returning to prerevolutionary patterns of political and economic authority Supporting individuals' right to speak, think, and act as they chose Exporting European innovations to other parts of the world Continuing to pursue political reforms without attempting economic reforms

Supporting individuals' right to speak, think, and act as they chose

Which of the following was required of Shawnee culture if they were to be able to cooperate with U.S. government officials? That men rather than women take over farming That they commit to communal life, similar to Fourier's phalanxes That men move to urban areas and take jobs for cash payments That they abandon their native language

That men rather than women take over farming

From which groups did European nationalist movements draw their greatest number of supporters? The middle class and the landless peasants The liberal aristocracy and the commercial middle class The landed aristocracy and financiers The clergy and rural workers

The liberal aristocracy and the commercial middle class

Both Usman dan Fodio and Muhammad Ibn abd al-Wahhab drew on which of the following inspirations for Islamic reform? The rejection of the corrupting power of wealth in the established Islamic empires The similarities between Islam and other Abrahamic religions The life of Muhammad and early Islamic practices The connections that had emerged between Islam and regional religious traditions

The life of Muhammad and early Islamic practices

In what way did nineteenth-century nationalist goals prove destructive in the twentieth century? Nationalist goals led to class warfare. Nationalist goals conflicted with economic modernization. The nationalist goals of different groups proved incompatible with one another. The nationalist goals of the nineteenth century limited twentieth-century cultural and literary experimentation.

The nationalist goals of different groups proved incompatible with one another.