HIST 1301-History to 1877- Unit 2 EXAM

By the mid-1790s, Americans became incensed with the British over: A. Britain's support for the French Revolution B. British seizure of American merchant vessels C. high British taxes on American imports D. Britain's refusal to recognize American independence E. the British engaging in war with France

B. British seizure of American merchant vessels

On Christmas night 1776, Washington crossed the Delaware to defeat the: A. Loyalists B. Hessians C. British D. Iroquois E. Tories

B. Hessians

In the election of 1800: A. Jefferson campaigned around the country B. Jefferson was attacked as an atheist and a radical C. Federalists enthusiastically united behind Adams D. the parties agreed on the major issues E. Hamilton intrigued to get Burr elected

B. Jefferson was attacked as an atheist and a radical

In early 1789, the new Congress gathered in the national capital, which was: A. Philadelphia B. New York City C. Boston D. Washington, D.C. E. Baltimore

B. New York City

The politician involved in partisan attacks on John Adams while he served as Adams's vice president was: A. Alexander Hamilton B. Thomas Jefferson C. John Jay D. James Madison E. Aaron Burr

B. Thomas Jefferson

Washington's secretary of state was: A. John Hancock B. Thomas Jefferson C. James Madison D. Edmund Randolph E. John Adams

B. Thomas Jefferson

The Marquis de Lafayette served the American cause during the war as: A. commander of the French navy B. Washington's most trusted aide C. France's ambassador to Congress D. leader of the attack on the British in Canada E. chief fundraiser in Europe

B. Washington's most trusted aide

Washington soon learned that the best hope of beating the British was: A. the use of guerrilla warfare B. a long war of attrition C. sustained attacks on British held cities D. recruiting Indian allies E. inventing superior weapons

B. a long war of attrition

The Newburgh Conspiracy involved: A. General Washington's plot to become dictator B. a military threat to enlarge congressional powers C. an attempt to destroy the Bank of North America D. secret peace talks with the British E. a revolt against Congress by the states

B. a military threat to enlarge congressional powers

The great exploit of George Rogers Clark was the: A. conquest of the Canadian side of the Great Lakes B. conquest of the western frontier C. termination of Pontiac's Rebellion in the Ohio Valley D. destruction of the Cherokees on the Carolina frontier E. defeat of the British in a major naval battle

B. conquest of the western frontier

The news of Yorktown inspired the British to: A. recruit more soldiers B. end the war C. replace George III D. sign a peace treaty with France E. replace their commanders

B. end the war

In regard to land policy, Hamilton and the Federalists: A. wanted to reserve western lands for Indians B. favored high land prices that would slow western settlement C. believed land should be free for anyone promising to farm it D. proposed that settlement be banned west of the Appalachians E. believed a lottery should determine who could buy western land

B. favored high land prices that would slow western settlement

The Patriot militia: A. favored conventional European tactics in battle B. frustrated Washington with their lack of discipline C. enlisted for a three-year term of service D. basically won the war against the British E. was completely worthless

B. frustrated Washington with their lack of discipline

The war in the South was characterized by: A. massive civilian casualties B. killing of prisoners by both sides C. conventional military tactics D. an unbroken series of British victories E. massive use of slave soldiers by the Americans

B. killing of prisoners by both sides

Elite Virginians despised Lord Dunmore because of his: A. harsh treatment of captured rebels B. offer of freedom to slaves who would join the British C. abolition of the slave trade D. belief in true racial equality E. arrogant British manners

B. offer of freedom to slaves who would join the British

The state militia units: A. generally refused to ambush the British or to engage in hand- to-hand combat B. often seemed to appear at crucial moments and then evaporate C. provided the most seasoned troops of the war because of their past experience fighting the Indians D. were highly successful as organized units even though they refused to wear uniforms E. frequently mutinied and joined the British

B. often seemed to appear at crucial moments and then evaporate

Which of the following was NOT a power of the national government under the Articles of Confederation? A. full authority over foreign affairs B. the right to levy taxes on trade and commerce C. control of government in the western territories D. authority to coin money, run a postal service, and direct Indian affairs E. to settle disputes between states

B. the right to levy taxes on trade and commerce

Madison's Virginia Plan: A. would create a president for life B. would create a two-house Congress C. was most favored by the small states D. would simply amend the Articles of Confederation E. would abolish the state governments

B. would create a two-house Congress

Which of the following was NOT true of the anti-Federalists after ratification? A. They did not resort to violence when the Constitution was ratified. B. Many of them became leading figures in the new government. C. They became the founders of the Whig Party. D. Few of them wanted to see the work in Philadelphia undone. E. They felt better about their defeat because of the inclusion of the Bill of Rights.

C. They became the founders of the Whig Party.

Just before he left office, Adams: A. repealed Hamilton's tax policies B. questioned the fair outcome of the election C. appointed John Marshall chief justice D. destroyed his official records E. renewed his friendship with Jefferson

C. appointed John Marshall chief justice

Thomas Paine's The American Crisis: A. stated the impossibility of beating the British B. urged Congress to make Washington a temporary dictator C. bolstered American morale D. supplied Washington with battle plans E. blamed Congress for the army's defeats

C. bolstered American morale

Most of the state constitutions adopted during the Revolution: A. gave governors extensive powers B. granted universal manhood suffrage C. contained bills of rights D. abolished slavery E. were rejected by Congress

C. contained bills of rights

The Constitution was ratified: A. in a national referendum B. without serious opposition C. despite a close vote in Massachusetts D. despite its rejection in Virginia E. due to the support of the anti-Federalists

C. despite a close vote in Massachusetts

The Baron von Steuben's contribution to the American cause was to: A. supply the army with weapons B. instruct Washington in military strategy C. drill American soldiers D. train the American cavalry E. use his fortune to pay the troops

C. drill American soldiers

In its winter camp at Valley Forge, Washington's army was decimated by all of the following EXCEPT: A.hunger B.desertion C. enemy attack D. resignations E. brutal cold

C. enemy attack

When Britain and France went to war in 1793, the United States: A. supported Britain because of its conservative government B. supported France because of the Franco-American alliance C. expressed neutrality, warning Americans not to aid either side D. allied with other nations to oppose both Britain and France E. sharply increased its military spending

C. expressed neutrality, warning Americans not to aid either side

Benedict Arnold became notorious late in the war by: A. recruiting slaves into the American army B. questioning Washington's fitness for command C. going over to the British D. selling weapons to Indians E. trying to become a military dictator

C. going over to the British

The Revolution did all of the following EXCEPT: A. foster a spirit of social equality B. lower property requirements for the vote C. limit opportunities to acquire land in the West D. encourage greater participation in politics E. establish American independence

C. limit opportunities to acquire land in the West

In his inaugural address, President Washington emphasized: A. his economic plans B. party politics C. national unity D. relations with Britain E. his cabinet selections

C. national unity

Neutrality in the conflict between England and France attracted Americans because: A. of the fear that the war might spill over into the United States B. of our commitment to supporting Spain C. of a lucrative trade with both sides D. of our post-Revolution pacifist nature E. we expected England to win and did not want to provoke it into another war

C. of a lucrative trade with both sides

Which of the following elements appealed to Americans in search of a new government? A. dictatorship and a strong national government B. the development of a new, uniquely American governing aristocracy C. protection of individual liberty and property D. full equality in the eyes of the law E. a limited monarchy

C. protection of individual liberty and property

The treaty with Britain that ended the Revolutionary War: A. protected the rights of Loyalists B. gave Florida to the United States C. recognized American independence D. gave America a claim to Newfoundland E. imposed war damages on the British

C. recognized American independence

The convention, which assembled in May 1787, was supposed to: A. write a new constitution B. address the country's financial crisis C. revise the Articles of Confederation D. nominate someone for president E. discuss better trade relations with Britain

C. revise the Articles of Confederation

During the war, Benjamin Franklin's son, William: A. was a prominent American general B. served as minister to France C. stayed loyal to Britain D. deserted from the Continental army E. earned his father's admiration

C. stayed loyal to Britain

Shays's Rebellion broke out in: A. Boston B. New York City C. western Massachusetts D. Rhode Island E. Pennsylvania

C. western Massachusetts

When John Adams insisted that the Revolution began before the shooting started, he meant: A. the British could not hold onto the uncooperative colonies B. guerrillas had already been operating throughout the colonies C. France and Spain had pledged their support prior to 1776 D. American public opinion had already turned against the British by the time of Lexington and Concord E. there were movements afoot attempting to overthrow British control of the colonies

D. American public opinion had already turned against the British by the time of Lexington and Concord

An important new development came in the mid-1780s, when the United States opened trade with: A. Japan B. France C. Canada D. China E. India

D. China

Which of the following was NOT one of the provisions of the treaty ending the American Revolution? A. Florida was given to Spain. B. Congress would not prevent British merchants from collecting debts owed them by Americans. C. The Mississippi River was recognized as the western boundary of the United States. D. Congress would restore all property confiscated from Loyalists during the war. E. Americans were allowed to fish off the Canadian coast.

D. Congress would restore all property confiscated from Loyalists during the war.

The American victory at Saratoga resulted in: A. a new invasion of Canada B. serious peace negotiations with the British C. a huge increase in the size of the Continental army D. France's entry on the American side E. Dutch entry on the American side

D. France's entry on the American side

The Treaty of Greenville was an agreement between the United States and: A. Britain B. France C. Spain D. Indians on the northwest frontier E. Canada

D. Indians on the northwest frontier

Which of the following was NOT part of the Northwest Ordinance? A.Slavery was prohibited in the territory above the Ohio River. B. Statehood was allowed when a territory had a population of 60,000 people. C. Religious freedom was guaranteed in a "bill of rights." D. New states formed from the Northwest Territory had to allow Indians "perpetual representation" in the state governments. E. Territorial governors were to be chosen by Congress.

D. New states formed from the Northwest Territory had to allow Indians "perpetual representation" in the state governments.

During the war, Margaret Corbin and Molly Pitcher were examples of women who: A. wrote patriotic newspaper articles B. demanded women's right to vote C. organized hospitals and worked as nurses D. during battle, took the place of their wounded husbands E. tried to bring an end to the fighting

D. during battle, took the place of their wounded husbands

Opposition to Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey was strongest among: A. merchants B. Federalists C. veterans D. frontier farmers E. churchgoers

D. frontier farmers

The delegates who met: A. included John Adams and Thomas Jefferson B. tended to be elderly C. wanted a weaker central government D. included many participants in the Revolution E. arrived knowing what they wanted

D. included many participants in the Revolution

Jay's Treaty: A. shut American merchants out of the West Indies B. ended a war with the British C. was most strongly opposed in New England D. infuriated Republicans for its concessions to the British E. forced Hamilton's resignation from the cabinet

D. infuriated Republicans for its concessions to the British

During the war, John Paul Jones became famous as an American: A. spy B. guerilla leader C. diplomat D. naval commander E. sharpshooter

D. naval commander

On the western frontier, Indian tribes such as the Mohawks, Shawnees, and Cherokees: A. stayed neutral B. supported the Americans C. fled further west to escape the fighting D. supported the British E. switched sides constantly

D. supported the British

When the British attacked New York in late August 1776: A. Washington ambushed and routed them B. Washington met them with a larger, more experienced force C. Washington learned the superiority of the militia to regular troops D. the American army was fortunate to escape into New Jersey E. the Americans received French reinforcements just in time

D. the American army was fortunate to escape into New Jersey

The Whiskey Rebellion resulted in: A. the repeal of the federal liquor tax B. declining support for the Republicans C. mass executions of the captured rebels D. the sending of a massive army to western Pennsylvania E. diminished respect for federal authority

D. the sending of a massive army to western Pennsylvania

The British shifted their military effort to the South: A. to protect their settlements in Florida B. to fight in a milder climate C. to destroy rebel plantations D. to utilize the strength of local Tories E. to utilize the strength of their navy

D. to utilize the strength of local Tories

As the new Constitution went into effect, Founding Fathers like Franklin and Washington viewed its future with feelings of: A. supreme confidence B. fear and loathing C. God's approval D. uncertainty E. regret, since the Articles of Confederation were clearly better

D. uncertainty

The Alien Act of 1798: A. shut off immigration to the United States B. banned noncitizens from holding public office C. led to a crackdown on Republican journalists D. was aimed especially at French and Irish Republicans E. was inspired by public anger over the Jay's Treaty terms

D. was aimed especially at French and Irish Republicans

Abigail Adams's appeal to her husband John to "remember the Ladies": A. resulted in more rights for women B. proved her subordinate nature C. showed her rejection of women's domestic role D. was basically ignored E. revealed her political ambitions

D. was basically ignored

The Judiciary Act of 1801: A. created three new positions on the Supreme Court B. was the first act passed by the Republicans C. allowed federal judges to be impeached under the Sedition Act D. was the legacy of the Federalists as they left office E. was vetoed by President Jefferson

D. was the legacy of the Federalists as they left office

The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions: A. wiped out the Alien and Sedition Acts B. got their authors arrested C. supported strong federal authority in wartime D. were drafted by Jefferson and Madison E. called for negotiations to end the war with France

D. were drafted by Jefferson and Madison

The national bank proposed by Hamilton: A. would be totally owned by the federal government B. had unanimous support in Congress C. was specifically authorized by the Constitution D. would provide a stable national currency E. was ultimately opposed by President Washington

D. would provide a stable national currency

Because of associations with the British, the Revolution was especially detrimental to the status of the: A. Quakers B. Baptists C. Methodists D. Presbyterians E. Anglicans

E. Anglicans

An ongoing source of American tension toward the British was: A.British refusal to recognize America B.British blockade of the Atlantic coast C.British refusal to pay war damages D.Britain's refusal to release American POWs E. British forts along the Canadian border

E. British forts along the Canadian border

The Great Compromise originated from the delegation. A. New York B. Massachusetts C. Delaware D. New Hampshire E. Connecticut

E. Connecticut

The Founding Fathers viewed the most "democratic" branch of the government as the: A. presidency B. Senate C. Supreme Court D. cabinet E. House of Representatives

E. House of Representatives

An important American victory—"the turning point of the war in the South"—was at: A. Savannah B. Camden C. Vincennes D. Charleston E. Kings Mountain

E. Kings Mountain

Which city did the British capture early in the American Revolution and hold for the remainder of the war? A. Atlanta B. Boston C. Williamsburg D. Philadelphia E. New York

E. New York

The peace treaty was signed in: A. Brussels B. London C. Madrid D. Amsterdam E. Paris

E. Paris

The Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom was written by: A. John Adams B. Alexander Hamilton C. Patrick Henry D. Thomas Paine E. Thomas Jefferson

E. Thomas Jefferson

Thomas Jefferson was all of the following EXCEPT: A. an aristocrat from Virginia B. skilled and educated in a wide range of subjects C. Washington's Secretary of State D. an admirer of small farmers E. a staunch advocate of urbanization

E. a staunch advocate of urbanization

Federalist Number 10 explains how a republic can: A. defend itself B. become a democracy C. create a just society D. pays its debts E. be successful in a large, diverse society

E. be successful in a large, diverse society

During the war, Tories: A. refused to take prisoners B. probably outnumbered Patriots C. generally lived at peace with their Whig neighbors D. controlled large areas for an extended time E. came from all classes of society

E. came from all classes of society

The election of 1800 did all of the following EXCEPT: A. elevate Jefferson to the presidency B. mark the first time an opposition party came to power C. show the emergence of a more democratic politics D. bring slaveholding Republicans into power E. cause Federalist rioting in the streets of the capital

E. cause Federalist rioting in the streets of the capital

During the period of the Revolution, a slave might gain his freedom: A. claiming amnesty as a political prisoner B. appealing to George Washington C. suing for freedom in local courts D. running away to northern states E. joining the British army

E. joining the British army

Which of the following provided most of the money raised by the Continental Congress for the Revolution? A. loans from foreign countries B. requisitions from the states C. contributions from patriotic citizens D. direct taxes on the American people E. new issues of paper money

E. new issues of paper money

Washington's farewell address: A. praised the emerging party system B. urged greater involvement in Europe C. was soon forgotten since Washington was a poor speaker D. was pessimistic about the nation's future E. opposed permanent alliances

E. opposed permanent alliances

In regard to religion, the Constitution: A. makes the United States a Christian nation B. reflects the atheism of the Founding Fathers C. prohibits the states from having official churches D. expresses hostility toward religion E. prevents Congress from establishing an official religion

E. prevents Congress from establishing an official religion

Madison decided to support Hamilton's debt proposals in return for an agreement to: A. give more money to the original bondholders B. make the states pay their own debts C. cut taxes D. limit future federal spending E. relocate the nation capital southward

E. relocate the nation capital southward

On the question of women's rights, the proposed Constitution: A. denied the vote to females B. was surprisingly progressive for its time C. defined women as the property of their husbands D. accepted the advice of prominent women E. said nothing

E. said nothing

The Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom marked the general trend away from: A. belief in God B. religious diversity C. public prayer D. revivalism E. state-supported churches

E. state-supported churches

In late December 1776, George Washington was able to reverse American fortunes by: A. recapturing New York City from the British B. convincing Congress to give the army all the resources it needed C. getting France and Spain to enter the conflict D. destroying a British force outside of Boston E. winning battles at Trenton and Princeton

E. winning battles at Trenton and Princeton

The 640-acre sections created in the Northwest: A.would be given to settlers for free B.raised enough money to pay the national debt C.would be reserved for veterans of the Revolution D.would be sold by local banks E. would likely be bought by land speculators

E. would likely be bought by land speculators

American settlers who defended Kentucky were led by: A. Daniel Boone B. George Rogers Clark C. Ethan Allen D. Francis Marion E. Andrew Jackson

A. Daniel Boone

The first of these states to ratify the Constitution was: A. Delaware B. New York C. Rhode Island D. Virginia E. Massachusetts

A. Delaware

The American victory at Yorktown would have been impossible without: A. French assistance B. divine intervention C. British incompetence D. favorable weather E. superior weapons

A. French assistance

The party led by Madison and Jefferson that opposed Hamilton was the: A. Republicans B. Anti-Federalists C. Unionists D. Federalists E. Constitutionalists

A. Republicans

Alexander Hamilton's basic vision of America was to make it: A. a vibrant capitalist power B. a democratic model for the world C. a mighty empire like ancient Rome D. committed to limited government and social equality E. an example of racial tolerance and diversity

A. a vibrant capitalist power

Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress: A. combined legislative and executive power B. shared power with a supreme court C. was superior to the various state governments D. was largely a debating society with no clear areas of authority E. would elect the president

A. combined legislative and executive power

The preferred crop of pioneers on the Wilderness Road was: A. corn B. cotton C. tobacco D. wheat E. potatoes

A. corn

A problem with the Spanish entry into the Revolution against Britain was that Spain: A. entered as an ally of France rather than of the United States B. demanded that the United States surrender Georgia as the price for its help C. agreed to fight the British but only on the open seas D. said it would attack only the British colonies in South America E. demanded that the United States adopt monarchy

A. entered as an ally of France rather than of the United States

The Articles of Confederation were fully ratified and became effective: A. in 1781 B. in 1789 C. in 1776 D. because most people wanted a strong central government E. never

A. in 1781

With the end of the war, many Americans viewed the United States as a: A. nation with a special destiny B. future imperial power C. temporary expedient until it could reunite with Britain D. North American extension of Europe E. leader in science and technological innovation

A. nation with a special destiny

In 1777, Washington dealt with the threat of smallpox to his army by: A. ordering a mass inoculation B. sending most of his soldiers home C. placing his camp under quarantine D. providing his soldiers with clean quarters and healthy food E asking for a halt in the fighting

A. ordering a mass inoculation

The Tonnage Act of 1789: A. placed higher tonnage duties on foreign vessels B. singled out the British for especially punitive treatment C. treated all vessels entering American ports equally D. became the chief source of revenue for the federal government E. lowered prices Americans would pay for imports

A. placed higher tonnage duties on foreign vessels

By 1790, the Indians: A. remained a powerful threat to western settlement B. had become U.S. citizens C. were largely eradicated D. had signed away most of their lands by treaty E. had united into a powerful western confederacy

A. remained a powerful threat to western settlement

Madison and Jefferson objected to the national bank primarily because: A. they believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution B. they felt it was not powerful enough to meet the nation's financial needs C. it would cost the government too much money D. it would be located in New York rather than Virginia E. too many of Hamilton's friends had acquired bank stock

A. they believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution

In the era of the Revolution, the northern states: A. took steps to abolish slavery B. elected a number of free blacks to office C. gave free blacks full equality D. outlawed racist language E. sent many former slaves to Canada

A. took steps to abolish slavery

Under President Adams, a war between the United States and France: A. was an undeclared naval conflict B. was ended by the XYZ affair C. halted partisan divisions D. ended in American victory E. led to French attacks on the U.S. coast

A. was an undeclared naval conflict

The phrase "critical period" refers to: A. the time of the Revolutionary War B. the summer the Constitution was written C. America under the Articles of Confederation D. George Washington's presidency E. the years of tension over British taxes

C. America under the Articles of Confederation

In the lands south of the Ohio River: A. settlement proceeded more slowly than in the Northwest B. there was little or no resistance from the Indians as white settlers encroached on their land C. Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia temporarily kept their titles to the western lands D. policy was set in the Land Ordinance of 1787 E. slavery was permanently banned

C. Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia temporarily kept their titles to the western lands

The celebration of ______ soon became the most popular public ritual in the United States. A. Washington's birthday B. Lexington and Concord C. Independence Day D. Christmas E. Thanksgiving

C. Independence Day

Americans won a tremendous victory in October 1777 with the surrender at Saratoga of: A. Lord Cornwallis B. Banastre Tarleton C. Johnny Burgoyne D. Benedict Arnold E. Lord Howe

C. Johnny Burgoyne

The Sedition Act was aimed primarily at: A. foreign immigrants B. anti-war Federalists C. Republican newspaper editors D. French spies E. draft evaders

C. Republican newspaper editors

In August 1776, General Washington had 28,000 men under his command. By December, he had: A. 15,000 B. 13,000 C. 20,000 D. 3,000 E. 35,000

D. 3,000

Most of The Federalist essays were written by: A. James Madison B. John Jay C. Patrick Henry D. Alexander Hamilton E. Samuel Adams

D. Alexander Hamilton