HIST 150 Chapter 16: Alternative Visions of the Nineteenth Century

1. Peasants in the Indian Rebellion were motivated largely by local interests 2. the Taiping Rebellion promoted a new version of Christianity 3. the Taiping Rebellion challenged Confucian values.

Although the Taiping Rebellion and Indian Rebellion were the two largest revolts in this period, they were also the shortest lived. Which of the following statements explain why these movements did not endure?

1. organization skills 2. discipline 3. warrior ethos

Based on the illustration, which of the following phrases accurately describe characteristics of Shaka's state?

1. machine operators 2. factory workers 3.seamstress

Karl Marx argued that proletarians would trigger a revolution that would lead to socialism. Identify examples of people who would be considered proletarians.

colonialism: Native American rebellions capitalism: socialism and communism Opium War: Taiping Rebellion

Match each popular movement with the historical development that the movement most directly challenged.

Taiping Rebellion: millenarianism Shawnee rebellion: abstinence from alcohol Wahhabism: the oneness of Allah

Match the religious idea with the movement in this chapter that most vigorously fought for it.

1.quing dinesty 2.opnium war 3.taiping rebellion

Place the following in the correct chronological order:

the Enlightenment and the French Revolution

The revolts in Europe in this period tended to be less religious in nature than those in North and West Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Which of the developments below might best explain this characteristic of European revolts?

1. Hong Xiuquan claimed allegiance to Christianity 2. Hong Xiuquan attacked ancestral shrines.

The text notes that Hong Xiuquan's goals in the Taiping Rebellion both challenged and reasserted tradition. Of the choices below, select those that challenged Chinese tradition.

True

True or False: European radicals differed from liberals in that they believed the French Revolution has not gone far enough in creating economic and social equality.

True

True or False: Women played strong roles in some of the movements described in this chapter. This was especially true for those with a more religious character.

True

Usman dan Fodio's revolt and movement to restore Islam to its purer roots resulted in a significant expansion of Islam in northern Nigeria.

1. Locals thought that the new ideas and business enterprises threatened their way of life.

Wahhabism was one of the most powerful reformist movements that arose on the Arabian Peninsula. Identify the reasons why Wahhabism became so popular.

eurpeans ran them out of business

Which fact is most fully expressed in this declaration by the emperor Bahadur Shah? "It is evident that the Europeans, by the introduction of English articles into India, have thrown the weavers, the cotton dressers, the carpenters, the blacksmiths, and the shoemakers, &c., out of employ, and have engrossed their occupations, so that every description of native artisan has been reduced to beggary."

1.resistance to foreign influence 2. a return to tradition

Which goals were common to all three of the following rebel movements: Wahhabism, the Indian revolt, and the Shawnee rebellion of Tenskwatawa?

1. polytheistic practices 2. Sufism

Which of the following did Wahhabis object to as perversions of pure Islamic belief and practices?

1. global capitalism 2. colonialism

Which of the following features of the nineteenth-century world prompted religious responses from some of the movements in this chapter?

1.Tenskwatawa and the Shawnee Indians' rebellion, 2. Abd al-Qadir's resistance in Algeria

Which of the following involved a religious backlash against European colonialism?

Taiping Rebellion, Fulani revolts, and Fourier's socialism

Which of the following movements allowed or encouraged the participation of women?

Wahhabism and Fulani revolts

Which of the following movements called primarily for a return to traditional religious values?

the Mayan Caste War

Which of the following movements resulted in the blending of beliefs from different religions?

1. European socialists and radicals 2. the Mfecane movement 3. the Mayan Caste War

Which of the following movements were more political than religious in their goals?

1. Religion was seen as central to both men's and women's lives, and thus women would be expected to support the movement 2. Muhammad allowed women to play strong roles in early Islam.

Which of the following statements help explain why Islamic revitalization movements in Africa allowed women to play strong roles?

The spark that ignited the Indian Rebellion was a religious issue that offended Hindus and Muslims alike.

Which of the following statements is supported by the chapter readings?

Hong Xiuquan, Usman dan Fodio, and Tenskwatawa

Which of the leaders below incorporated religious ideals in their visions of a better society?

long-term: Wahhabism, European socialism and communism short-term: Taiping Rebellion, Shawnee uprisings

Which of the movements described in this chapter had greater short-term influences? Which had greater long-term influences?

People in these areas felt the political decline of Islamic states in the face of growing European influence.

Which statement best explains why revolts in Arabia and North and West Africa tended to be strongly religious in character?

They believed in popular sovereignty; they believed in the right of each people to political independence.

Why were European nationalists seen as radicals in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Western governments opposed the Taiping Rebellion because they saw its doctrines as a perversion of Christianity. The Qing government and Chinese elites opposed the rebellion because they felt it undermined Confucianism.

Complete this passage about responses to the Taiping Rebellion.

Of all the nationalist rebellions in early nineteenth-century Europe, religion played the largest role in the Greek Revolt because this Christian culture had been under Islamic Ottoman rule for centuries.

Complete this passage about the national revolts.

radical: Taiping Rebellion traditional: Wahhabism and Fulani uprisings

In some of the movements discussed in this chapter, religious ideas were used to promote radical reforms of society, while in others religious ideas were used to push for a return to past traditions. Place the movements in either the "radical" or the "traditional" box.

1. competition for land among native tribes and European settlers

Shaka created a warrior state in southern Africa in response to what threat?

Fourier's socialism and the Mayan Caste War

Some of the movements discussed in this chapter were not religious from the start but took on a religious meaning later, after they were established. Which of the following fall into this category?

1. Taiping Rebellion 2. Indian Rebellion

The actions of the British were a contributing factor in provoking which of the following popular movements?