Histology Chapter 4

36. A tissue has the following characteristics: free surface, single layer of cells, cells are narrow and tall, microvilli, many mitochondria, goblet cells. Which of the following is most consistent with those observations? (1) active transport (2) epithelium (3) simple epithelium (4) columnar epithelium (5) cuboidal epithelium (6) squamous epithelium (7) secretion by exocytosis (8) movement of mucous across its surface A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 B. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 C. 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 D. 2, 3, 4, 8 E. 2, 3, 4, 7

1, 2, 3, 4, 7

129. Arrange the following events that occur in healing by primary union in the correct sequence. (1) clot forms (2) scab develops (3) wound fills with blood (4) clot is replaced with granulation tissue A. 3, 1, 2, 4 B. 2, 3, 1. 4 C. 3, 1, 4, 2 D. 1, 4, 3, 2 E. 1, 2, 3, 4

3,1,2,4

3. What is a collection of similar cells and surrounding substances? A. organ B. tissue C. organ system D. extracellular matrix E. intracellular matrix

B-Tissue

1. The four primary tissue types are A. epithelial, cartilage, muscle, and brain. B. connective, eipithelial, skin, and blood. C. epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve. D. glands, bone, lungs, and kidney. E. bone, skin, blood, and muscle.

C- Epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve

84. Intervertebral discs exhibit a great deal of strength because of the presence of thick bundles of A. elastin. B. proteoglycan. C. collagen. D. hydroxyapatite. E. calcium.

Collagen

69. Which of the following statements concerning collagen is false? A. Collagen is a common protein in the body. B. Collagen is composed of collagen -chains. C. Collagen is strong and flexible. D. Collagen is elastic and stretches E. There are at least 20 different types of collagen in the body.

Collagen is composed of collagen -chains.

54. What type of gland possesses ducts? A. exocrine B. endocrine C. merocrine D. apocrine E. holocrine

Exocrine

83. Adipose tissue A. functions as an insulator and a site of energy storage. B. exists in three forms: yellow, red, and brown. C. contains large amounts of extracellular matrix. D. is composed of relatively small cells. E. does not contain lipids.

Functions as an insulator and a site of energy storage

12. Which of the following characteristics is NOT consistent with simple squamous epithelial tissue? A. little extracellular material B. rest on a basement membrane C. has good blood supply within it D. the cells are thin and flat (not thick) E. acts as a permeability barrier

Has good blood supply in it

140. What type of tissue is contractile? A. epithelial tissue B. connective tissue C. muscular tissue D. nervous tissue

Muscular tissue

141. What type of tissue contains cells called neurons? A. epithelial tissue B. connective tissue C. muscular tissue D. nervous tissue

Nervous tissue

113. The support and protection of neurons rests with A. dendrites. B. ligaments. C. neuroglia. D. trabeculae. E. axons.

Neuroglia

115. Support cells of the brain and spinal cord are called A. mesoderm. B. neuroglia. C. membranes. D. dendrites. E. pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

Neuroglia

98. What kind of cells form bone? A. osteoblasts B. osteoclasts C. osteocytes D. fibroblasts E. chondroblasts

Osteoblasts

11. Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue? A. conduction of action potentials B. secretion and absorption of molecules C. support of other tissue types D. contraction E. shock absorption

Secretion and absorption of molecules

16. Which type of epithelium has the following characteristics: multiple layers, squamous cell shape, dead outer layers of cells, and keratin present in some cells? A. pseudostratified keratinized squamous epithelium B. simple cuboidal epithelium C. simple transitional epithelium D. moist stratified squamous epithelium E. stratified keratinized squamous epithelium

Statified keratinized squamous epithelium

17. The epidermis of the skin is composed of A. stratified cuboidal epithelium. B. simple squamous epithelium. C. stratified squamous epithelium. D. irregular dense fibrous connective tissue. E. stratified columnar epithelium.

Stratified squamous epithelium

57. Connective tissue is separated into subgroups based on the A. cell type. B. shape of the cells. C. number of cell layers. D. cell functions. E. structure of the extracellular matrix.

Structure of the extracellular matrix

13. The various types of epithelium are classified by A. the size and shape of cells. B. the shape of cells and number of cell layers. C. the number of cell layers and size of the cells. D. the size and location of cells. E. function and size of cells.

The shape of cells and number of cell layers

18. To determine that a type of epithelium is squamous, which of the following is most important? A. the number of cell layers B. the shape of most of the epithelial cells C. the shape of the most superficial epithelial cells D. the shape of the basal epithelial cells E. the shape of the basement membrane

The shape of the most superficial epithelial cells

9. Epithelial tissue is characterized by A. tightly packed cells. B. absence of any basement membrane. C. extensive extracellular matrix. D. a rich blood supply. E. both tightly packed cells and a rich blood supply.

Tightly packed cells

41. What type of epithelial tissue is found in the urinary bladder? A. simple cuboidal epithelium B. simple columnar epithelium C. stratified squamous epithelium D. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium E. transitional epithelium

Transitional epithelium

65. What type of cells contain large amounts of lipids? A. mast cells B. adipocytes C. osteoclast D. stem cells E. macrophages

adipocytes

28. An example of a gap junction is A. a desmosome. B. a zonula adherens. C. a striation. D. an intercalated disk. E. zonula occludens.

an intercalated disk.

50. A gland produces a watery secretion that contains solutes. The secretion also contains a substantial amount of phospholipid. The type of secretory process for this gland is probably A. merocrine. B. holocrine. C. apocrine. D. endocrine. E. both merocrine and holocrine.

apocrine

55. What type of gland discharges fragments of the gland's cells during secretion? A. exocrine B. endocrine C. merocrine D. apocrine E. holocrine

apocrine

110. Which of the following is associated with nervous tissue? A. axon B. desmosome C. intercalated disc D. lacuna E. osteocyte

axon

112. Which of the following is correctly matched? A. neurons - supportive cells of the nervous system B. axons - conduct action potentials away from the cell body C. neuroglia - the conducting cell of the nervous system D. dendrite - rapidly dividing cell E. axon - carry action potentials toward the cell body

axons - conduct action potentials away from the cell body

97. A tissue that has a fluid matrix is A. blood. B. adipose tissue. C. areolar tissue. D. cartilage. E. bone.

blood

108. What type of muscle is found in the wall of the heart? A. skeletal muscle B. smooth muscle C. cardiac muscle

cardiac muscle

86. The type of connective tissue that contains chondrocytes, a rigid matrix of collagen fibers and proteoglycan-hyaluronic acid aggregates and few, if any, blood vessels is A. cartilage. B. bone tissue. C. adipose tissue. D. fibrous connective tissue. E. muscle tissue.

cartilage

95. Which of the following types of connective tissue is mismatched with its matrix? A. areolar - loosely packed matrix of protein fibers B. bone - mineralized matrix C. cartilage - highly vascular matrix D. blood - fluid matrix E. bone - highly vascular

cartilage- highly vascular matrix

99. What type of cells form cartilage? A. osteoblasts B. osteoclasts C. osteocytes D. fibroblasts E. chondroblasts

chondroblasts

67. The three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue are A. hyaluronic acid, collagen, and reticular fibers. B. proteoglycan, elastin, and reticular fibers. C. collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers. D. proteoglycan, elastin, and hyaluronic acid. E. chondronectic, osteonectin, fibronectin

collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers

14. Which of the following categories of epithelium is based on cell shape? A. columnar B. keratinized C. stratified D. transitional E. simple

columnar

21. Which of the following statements is false? A. Secretory epithelial cells are usually cuboidal or columnar in shape. B. The movement of materials through epithelium is enhanced by simple squamous epithelium. C. Stratified epithelium is adapted for a protective role. D. Columnar epithelial cells promote diffusion. E. Cuboidal epithelium is found in areas where absorption occurs.

columnar epithelium is found in areas where absorption occurs

47. A gland with branching ducts that end in acini would be classified as A. simple acinar. B. compound acinar. C. simple branched tubular. D. multicellular. E. simple coiled tubular.

compound acinar

138. What type of tissue possesses an abundant extracellular matrix? A. epithelial tissue B. connective tissue C. muscular tissue D. nervous tissue

connective tissue

103. Muscle tissue is characterized by its A. strength. B. durability. C. contractility. D. rigidity. E. avascularity.

contractility

114. What type of process conducts nerve impulses toward the cell body? A. mesoderm B. neuroglia C. membrane D. dendrite E. pseudostratified columnar epithelium

dendrite

91. What type of connective tissue is found in the walls of large arteries? A. hyaline cartilage B. fibrocartilage C. elastic cartilage D. dense irregular elastic tissue E. dense regular collagenous tissue

dense irregular elastic tissue

26. Epithelial tissue that can stretch or is subjected to stress would have many A. desmosomes. B. gap junctions. C. tight junctions. D. basement junctions. E. intercalated discs.

desmosomes

32. What is a disk-shaped structure with especially adhesive glycoproteins around each cell that bind cells to one another? A. hemidesmosomes B. zonula adherens C. zonula occludens D. gap junction E. desmosomes

desmosomes

134. An accumulation of fluid in the tissue spaces is called A. edema. B. secondary union. C. neutrophil. D. granulation tissue. E. scar.

edema

87. What type of connective tissue is found in the external ears? A. hyaline cartilage B. fibrocartilage C. elastic cartilage D. dense irregular elastic tissue E. dense regular collagenous tissue

elastic cartilage

70. A coiled fibrous protein in connective tissue that is stretchy is called A. a reticular fiber. B. proteoglycan. C. elastin. D. collagen. E. hyaluronic acid.

elastin

52. What type of gland excretes products by secretion into the blood? A. exocrine B. endocrine C. merocrine D. apocrine E. holocrine

endocrine

56. What type of gland does not have ducts? A. exocrine B. endocrine C. merocrine D. apocrine E. holocrine

endocrine

43. Which tissue type forms glands? A. connective B. epithelial C. muscle D. nervous E. glandular

epithelial

139. What type of tissue forms linings or coverings? A. epithelial tissue B. connective tissue C. muscular tissue D. nervous tissue

epithelial tissue

60. A cell that forms fibrous connective tissue would be called a A. fibroclast. B. fibrocyte. C. fibroblast. D. fibroid. E. fibromast.

fibroblast

102. What type of cells form protein fibers? A. osteoblasts B. osteoclasts C. osteocytes D. fibroblasts E. chondroblasts

fibroblasts

88. What type of connective tissue is found between the vertebrae? A. hyaline cartilage B. fibrocartilage C. elastic cartilage D. dense irregular elastic tissue E. dense regular collagenous tissue

fibrocartilage

31. What is a small protein channel that allows the passage of ions and small molecules between cells? A. hemidesmosomes B. zonula adherens C. zonula occludens D. gap junction E. desmosomes

gap junction

29. Structures that function in intercellular communication are A. desmosomes. B. tight junctions. C. hemidesmosomes. D. gap junctions. E. centrioles.

gap junctions

130. In the process of tissue repair, which of the events listed below occurs last? A. The wound fills with blood and a clot forms. B. Granulation tissue develops. C. A scab forms to seal the wound. D. An inflammatory response occurs. E. Fibroblasts migrate to the area.

granulation tissue develops

92. Bone A. contains dead cells. B. is not flexible. C. does not contain protein fibers. D. has a rich blood supply. E. is avascular.

has a rich blood supply

44. Unlike an exocrine gland, an endocrine gland A. is a secretory organ. B. sheds cells with its secretions. C. has no ducts. D. contains goblet cells. E. secretes to a surface.

has no ducts

35. What attaches epithelial cells to the basement membrane? A. hemidesmosomes B. zonula adherens C. zonula occludens D. gap junction E. desmosomes

hemidesmosomes

53. What type of gland accumulates its secretion in the cytoplasm of the cell, the cell then ruptures and becomes part of the secretion? A. exocrine B. endocrine C. merocrine D. apocrine E. holocrine

holocrine

89. What type of connective tissue forms most of the skeleton before it is replaced by bone? A. hyaline cartilage B. fibrocartilage C. elastic cartilage D. dense irregular elastic tissue E. dense regular collagenous tissue

hyaline cartilage

45. The secretions of endocrine glands are released directly A. onto the skin surface. B. into the bloodstream. C. into a gland duct. D. into the nervous tissue. E. into the lumen of a tube.

into the bloodstream

85. Cartilage heals slowly after an injury because A. this tissue type is very complex. B. it contains so much proteoglycan. C. it has few, if any, blood vessels. D. it is a dead, rather than a living, tissue. E. it contains no fibroblasts.

it has few, if any blood vessels

81. Reticular tissue is found in A. muscles. B. long bones. C. lymphatic tissue. D. intestinal tissue. E. nerve tissue.

lymphatic tissue

63. What type of cells phagocytize foreign or injured cells and play a major role in providing protection against infections? A. mast cells B. adipocytes C. osteoclast D. stem cells E. macrophages

macrophages

49. What type of exocrine gland uses exocytosis to secrete its product? A. merocrine B. apocrine C. holocrine D. endocrine E. solocrine

merocrine

51. A thick, sticky secretion produced by goblet cells is called A. serous fluid. B. synovial fluid. C. plasma. D. saliva. E. mucous.

mucous

15. Stratified epithelium consists of A. multiple layers of cells. B. a single layer of cells. C. a single layer of cells that changes shape when the tissue is stretched. D. a multiple layer of cells that appears to change shape when the tissue is stretched. E. None of these choices is correct.

multiple layers of cells

111. A unipolar neuron is characterized by the presence of A. one dendrite. B. two dendrites. C. three dendrites. D. four dendrites. E. no dendrites.

no dendrites

100. Cells that break down bone are called A. osteoblasts. B. osteoclasts. C. osteocytes. D. fibroblasts. E. chondroblasts.

osteoclasts

66. What type of cells break down bone tissue? A. mast cells B. adipocytes C. osteoclast D. stem cells E. macrophages

osteoclasts

101. Cells that maintain bone are called A. osteoblasts. B. osteoclasts. C. osteocytes. D. fibroblasts. E. chondroblasts.

osteocytes

61. Macrophages are cells specialized for A. support. B. absorption. C. secretion. D. phagocytosis E. carrying gases.

phagocytosis

68. Collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers in connective tissues all contain A. phospholipids. B. carbohydrates. C. adipose tissue. D. proteins. E. triglycerides.

proteins

38. What type of epithelial tissue is found lining the trachea? A. simple cuboidal epithelium B. simple columnar epithelium C. stratified squamous epithelium D. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium E. transitional epithelium

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

42. All cells attached to the basement membrane but not all cells reach free surfaces is a description of A. mesoderm. B. neuroglia. C. membrane. D. dendrite. E. pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

96. Blood cells are produced in hemopoietic tissue found in A. yellow bone marrow. B. brown bone marrow. C. red bone marrow. D. white bone marrow. E. compact bone.

red bone marrow

48. Which of the following is classified as a holocrine gland? A. sweat gland B. salivary gland C. sebaceous gland D. mammary gland E. exocrine part of pancreas

sebaceous gland

46. Glands whose ducts have few branches are called A. simple. B. compound. C. acinar. D. alveolar. E. branchless.

simple

39. What type of epithelial tissue is found in the stomach? A. simple cuboidal epithelium B. simple columnar epithelium C. stratified squamous epithelium D. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium E. transitional epithelium

simple columnar

22. Epithelium that is primarily secretory in function would most likely be A. simple squamous. B. stratified squamous. C. keratinized columnar. D. transitional. E. simple cuboidal.

simple cuboidal.

24. If one of the functions of the capillaries is to supply body cells with oxygen and nutrients, you would expect the capillary walls to consist of A. connective tissue. B. keratinized epithelium. C. stratified squamous epithelium. D. simple columnar epithelium. E. simple squamous epithelium.

simple squamous epithelium

40. What type of epithelial tissue is found in the kidney tubules? A. simple cuboidal epithelium B. simple columnar epithelium C. stratified squamous epithelium D. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium E. transitional epithelium

simple squamous epithelium

107. What type of muscle is found attached to bones? A. skeletal muscle B. smooth muscle C. cardiac muscle

skeletal muscle

105. Movement of food through the digestive tract results from the action of A. cardiac muscle. B. smooth muscle. C. skeletal muscle. D. undifferentiated muscle. E. voluntary muscle.

smooth muscle

106. What type of muscle is found in the wall of the digestive tract? A. skeletal muscle B. smooth muscle C. cardiac muscle

smooth muscle

109. The type of muscle found in the walls of blood vessels is A. cardiac. B. smooth. C. striated. D. voluntary. E. skeletal.

smooth muscle

20. Which of the following epithelial types is mismatched with its function? A. simple epithelium - diffusion B. stratified epithelium - protection C. squamous epithelium - stretching D. cuboidal epithelium - absorption E. columnar epithelium - secretion

squamous epithelium - Stretching

62. What type of cells have the potential to differentiate to form adult cell types? A. mast cells B. adipocytes C. osteoclast D. stem cells E. macrophages

stem cells

37. What type of epithelial tissue is found in the mouth? A. simple cuboidal epithelium B. simple columnar epithelium C. stratified squamous epithelium D. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium E. transitional epithelium

stratified squamous epithelium

104. A muscle that is not consciously controlled and has a banded appearance would be described as A. striated voluntary. B. striated involuntary. C. nonstriated voluntary. D. nonstriated involuntary. E. smooth voluntary.

striated involuntary.

117. The type of membrane that lines freely movable joints is a _____ membrane. A. serous B. synovial C. mucous D. visceral E. pleural

synovial

121. What type of membranes line joint cavities? A. serous B. mucous C. synovial D. gobletal E. cutaneous

synovial

27. The type of cell connection that serves as a permeability barrier is a A. hemidesmosome. B. desmosome. C. gap junction. D. intercalated disc. E. tight junction.

tight junction

94. Which of the following is found in cancellous bone but not compact bone? A. osteocytes in lacunae B. hydroxyapatite C. trabeculae D. collagen E. matrix

trabeeculae