Histology SIU SOM -- Cardiovascular

Which of the following features is a normal component of epicardium but NOT of endocardium? a. adipocytes b. collagen c. elastin d. fibroblasts e. simple squamous epithelial tissue

a. adipocytes

A prominent inner elastic membrane (internal elastic lamina), often appearing in cross section as a wavy or sinuous line, is characteristic of: a. muscular arteries b. small veins c. large veins d. venules e. capillaries

a. muscular arteries

Undifferentiated cells around the perimeter of capillaries are: a. pericytes b. parasites c. fenestrations d. endothelial cells e. basal lamina

a. pericytes

Endothelium is: a. simple squamous epithelial tissue b. stratified squamous epithelial tissue c. simple cuboidal epithelial tissue d. stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue e. simple columnar epithelial tissue

a. simple squamous epithelial tissue

Mesothelium is: a. simple squamous epithelial tissue b. stratified squamous epithelial tissue c. simple cuboidal epithelial tissue d. stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue e. simple columnar epithelial tissue

a. simple squamous epithelial tissue

Thick, collagenous rings located at the sites of origin of large vessels and valves of the heart are referred to as: a. the fibrous skeleton of the heart b. the sino-atrial nodes c. intercalated discs d. cusps of the valve e. none of the above

a. the fibrous skeleton of the heart

The most abundant tissue element forming the media of small, muscular arteries is: a. cardiac muscle b. smooth muscle c. collagen fibers d. elastic fibers e. cartilage

b. smooth muscle

The germinal center of a lymph nodule is: a. comprised of densely packed lymphocytes b. the active site of lymphocyte proliferation c. comprised mainly of T-cells

b. the active site of lymphocyte proliferation

Hassall's corpuscles are a unique and characteristic feature of: a. spleen b. thymus c. lymph nodes d. bone marrow e. tonsils

b. thymus

The muscular layer of blood vessels is called: a. tunica intima b. tunica media c. tunica adventitia d. endothelium e. mesothelium

b. tunica media

Blood vessels are normally encountered in all of the following EXCEPT: a. epicardium b. myocardium c. endocardium d. wall of aorta e. respiratory mucosa

c. endocardium

The junctions that are the basis for electrical conduction from one cardiac muscle cell to another are: a. desmosomes b. occluding junctions c. gap junctions d. adhering junctions

c. gap junctions

Red pulp of the spleen: a. is comprised of lymphatic nodules b. is comprised of B cells c. is comprised of splenic cords, venous sinuses, and reticular fibers d. is comprised of elastic connective tissue

c. is comprised of splenic cords, venous sinuses, and reticular fibers

Continuous endothelium is found in what organ: a. endocrine organs b. kidney c. lung d. spleen e. all of the above

c. lung

Smooth muscle is most substantial in: a. the epicardium of the heart b. the media of elastic arteries c. the media of muscular arteries d. the myocardium of the heart e. arterioles

c. the media of muscular arteries

Mesothelium lines: a. the respiratory tract b. the urinary tract c. the peritoneal, pleural and pericardial cavities d. the nasal cavity e. the oral cavity

c. the peritoneal, pleural and pericardial cavities

Cells which mature in the thymus and then enter circulation are: a. thymic corpuscles b. thymic nurse cells c. plasma cells d. T-lymphocytes e. epitheliocytes

d. T-lymphocytes

Reticular fibers (a form of type III collagen) form a supporting meshwork for cells in: a. spleen b. lymph nodes c. bone marrow d. all of the above

d. all of the above

"Short-cuts" between arteries and veins are: a. capillaries b. sinusoids c. lymph vessels d. arterio-venous anastomoses e. venules

d. arterio-venous anastomoses

Vasa vasorum are: a. blood vessels of the myocardium b. nerves that supply the blood vessels c. nerves of the heart d. blood vessels within the walls of the blood vessels e. blood vessels of the endocardium

d. blood vessels within the walls of the blood vessels

The most abundant tissue element forming the media of the aorta is: a. cardiac muscle b. smooth muscle c. collagen d. elastin e. cartilage

d. elastin

Heart valves normally consist of an endothelial surface covering: a. cardiac muscle fibers b. hyaline cartilage c. loose areolar connective tissue d. fibrocollagenous and fibroelastic connective tissue e. adipose connective tissue

d. fibrocollagenous and fibroelastic connective tissue

Which organ is lined by endothelium on the inside and mesothelium on the outside? a. esophagus b. tonsil c. intestine d. heart e. stomach

d. heart

Lymphoid tissue in the intestinal mucosa takes the form of: a. tonsils b. lymph nodes c. crypts d. lymph nodules e. splenic cords

d. lymph nodules

Red and white pulp describes tissue of the: a. lymphatic nodules b. bone marrow c. thymus d. spleen e. lymph node

d. spleen

Fenestrated endothelium is found in what organ: a. endocrine organs b. kidney c. intestinal villi d. spleen e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Intercalated discs: a. include desmosomes b. are found at the boundary between adjacent cardiac muscle cells c. include gap junctions d. may appear as dark or light bands by light microscopy e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Lymphatic nodules are found in: a. cortex of lymph nodes b. tonsils c. spleen d. respiratory and gastrointestinal mucosa e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Purkinje fibers: a. generate electrical impulses b. conduct electrical impulses through the myocardium c. synchronize the heartbeat d. are found along the innermost layer of the myocardium e. all of the above

e. all of the above

The sino-atrial (SA) node, the atrio-ventricular (AV) node, and the Purkinje fibers of the myocardium all consist of specialized: a. endothelial cells b. fibroblasts c. nerve fibers d. smooth muscle cells e. cardiac muscle cells

e. cardiac muscle cells

Blood platelets are most closely associated with: a. oxygen transport b. antibody production c. antigen recognition d. phagocytosis e. clotting

e. clotting

Which cell junction, located at intercalated disks, is responsible for electrical communication between cardiac muscle cells? a. macula adherens b. zonula adherens c. zonula occludens d. desmosome e. gap junction

e. gap junction

Endothelium lines all of the following except: a. arteries b. veins c. capillaries d. lymphatic vessels e. glandular ducts

e. glandular ducts

The inner layer of a blood vessel wall, characterized by a simple squamous endothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue, is the: a. adventitia b. external elastic lamina c. media d. internal elastic lamina e. intima

e. intima

Lymphatic nodules are NOT found in: a. cortex of lymph nodes b. tonsils c. spleen d. respiratory and gastrointestinal epithelium e. thymus

e. thymus