History 1010 Final
1. The Wilmot Proviso: A. would prohibit slavery in any lands acquired from Mexico B. passed both houses of Congress C. was opposed in Congress by Abraham Lincoln D. would extend the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific E. was clearly unconstitutional
a
1. The driving force for war with England in the American Revolution was A. taxation B. colonization C. religion D. reform
a
10. How many states joined South Carolina in repudiating the tariff acts of 1828 and 1832? A. none B. two southern states and one northern state C. three northern states and one southern state D. five states, all in the South E. only Virginia and Kentucky
a
10. Why did the Spanish establish missions in California? A. They were tools to turn Indians into hard-working Christians. B. They were vehicles that could preserve Indian language and culture, C. They were institutions where the Spanish studied Indian religions. D. They were outposts to help attract Indian emigration to Spain. E. They were churches that only the Spanish were allowed to use.
a
11. Free blacks in the South: A. sometimes owned slaves B. were always of mixed race C. enjoyed full legal equality D. outnumbered slaves E. mostly emigrated to Africa
a
11. The Donner party became stranded on the Oregon Trail mainly because: A. of the succession of their own mistakes and poor decisions B. they became caught in the crossfire of the Mexican War for Independence C. their party was too small to survive the journey D. a broken compass led them astray E. of annihilation by the Indians
a
16. All of the following were prominent Whig politicians EXCEPT: A. Martin Van Buren B. Henry Clay C. Daniel Webster D. William Henry Harrison E. John Tyler
a
18. After the panic of 1837, working-class Americans could expect all of the following EXCEPT: A. government assistance B. massive joblessness C. wage cuts D. high prices for food and clothes E. numerous bank failures
a
18. Dorothea Lynde Dix directed her reform efforts at: A. insane asylums B. public education C. women's rights D. slavery E. temperance
a
19. The woman who wrote the profoundly influential A Treatise on Domestic Economy was: A. Catharine Beecher B. Harriet Hunt C. Lucretia Mott D. Lucy Stone E. Emily Dickinson
a
3. By 1860, slavery was most concentrated: A. in the Lower South B. in the Carolinas C. in the Upper South D. in Texas and Louisiana E. equally through the South
a
4. Although many Americans saw Jackson as their great political advocate, ___________ considered him volatile and dangerous. A. Martin Van Buren B. Nicholas Biddle C. William Henry Harrison D. Thomas Jefferson E. George Washington
a
4. Under the Articles of Confederation, the United States A. was made up of 13 nearly independent state republics. B. government was dominated by a strong executive branch. C. government left few powers to state governments D. government shared power equally with the state governments.
a
8. What was the impact of President Taylor's death? A. It strengthened the chance for compromise over slavery in 1850. B. It put pro-slavery Franklin Pierce in the White House. C. It put anti-slavery William H. Seward in the White House. D. It prevented California from gaining admission into the Union. E. It brought great relief to the nation, because he had started the current sectional crisis.
a
9. Which of the following figures opposed federal funding of internal improvements? A. John C. Calhoun B. John Quincy Adams C. Henry Clay D. Andrew Jackson E. all of the above are true statements
a
The cotton gin: A. made possible efficient separation of seeds from fiber B. was an engine that manufactured cloth C. made the South the wealthiest part of the country D. had no significant effect on the North's economy E. resulted from a government bounty paid to its inventor
a
The most popular form of indoor entertainment in the first half of the nineteenth century was: A. theater B. cockfighting C. prizefighting D. dog fighting E. ballet
a
14. The Trail of Tears resulted in: A. a sad, but uneventful transfer of Indians to Oklahoma B. the death of thousands of Indians C. Jackson's change of heart about Indian removal D. the complete eradication of the Creeks and Seminoles E. Jackson's diminished popularity in the South and West
b
15. Polk's order that Zachary Taylor move his troops to the disputed territory north of the Rio Grande: A. protected American settlers along the border B. provoked a Mexican attack C. persuaded Mexico to sell California D. expressed his belief in manifest destiny E. won him political support in the North
b
17. Martin Van Buren was known as the Little Magician due to his: A. miraculous election as president in 1836 B. skill as a professional politician C. ability to get the country out of a depression D. success in building the Whig coalition E. seeming ability to read the mind of Jackson
b
20. The Liberty Party advocated: A. socialism B. anarchy C. abolitionism D. free trade E. free love
b
3. The idea of popular sovereignty: A. solved the controversy over slavery's extension B. would allow people in the territories to decide whether or not to permit slavery C. guaranteed slavery would spread westward D. allowed Oregon to enter the Union as a slave state E. was adopted by the Whigs in the 1848 election
b
5. The first ten amendments to the Constitution, which protect individual freedoms and citizens from random government actions. A. Virginia Plan B. Bill of Rights C. Declaration of Resolves D. The Federalist
b
6. The leader who is known as the "Father of the Constitution" because he had the greatest influence in shaping the new constitution was A. George Washington B. James Madison C. Patrick Henry D. Benjamin Franklin
b
8. As a result of the Eaton affair: A. John C. Calhoun became an outspoken advocate of nullification B. President Jackson disbanded his cabinet in order to restore harmony C. President Jackson forbade Floride Calhoun from attending White House functions D. President Jackson fired both John Eaton and John C. Calhoun E. President Jackson became less sympathetic toward women
b
9. The most numerous white southerners were the: A. planters B. yeoman farmers C. factory laborers D. manufacturers E. overseers
b
By the 1840s, a communications revolution had been triggered by the development of the: A. telephone B. telegraph C. Pony Express D. railroad E. post office
b
The "corrupt bargain" in the election of 1824 referred to: A. the widespread purchase of votes in several states B. the belief that Clay supported Adams in return for becoming secretary of state C. the blatant miscounting of ballots in the Electoral College D. Jackson's promise to make Calhoun his vice president E. Jackson's belief that the Constitution had been disregarded
b
The American System included support for all the following policies EXCEPT: A. high tariffs B. free public schools C. a national bank D. internal improvements E. high prices for western lands
b
The secretary of state through Monroe's presidency was: A. John C. Calhoun B. John Quincy Adams C. Henry Clay D. John Marshall E. William Crawford
b
To President Jefferson, one major incentive to purchase Louisiana was to: A. gain the support of the Federalists B. secure American access to the Mississippi River and New Orleans C. spend some of the surplus money in the Treasury D. prove that the United States had become a world power E. acquire new ports on the Pacific
b
18. What was the basis of President James Polk's concerns about General Zachary Taylor? A. Polk knew Taylor had a poor grasp of military tactics. B. Polk believed Taylor was sympathetic to the enemy. C. Polk worried that Taylor harbored political aspirations. D. Polk believed Taylor lacked control over his undisciplined soldiers. E. Polk was disgusted by Taylor's habit of wearing an old and dirty uniform.
c
19. William Henry Harrison: A. was a leader of the states' rights wing of the Whigs B. was known as the Little Magician C. had defeated the Shawnees at Tippecanoe D. directed the Bank of the United States until Jackson destroyed it E. like Jackson, was born in frontier poverty
c
2. John C. Calhoun believed that the Wilmot Proviso: A. would help keep the Union together B. protected the interests of slaveholders C. violated property rights guaranteed in the Fifth Amendment D. blamed the South for the Mexican War E. would never pass Congress
c
2. The Declaration of Independence based the case for independence from Great Britain on A. the violation of the American colonists' "rights as Englishmen" B. Parliament's violations of American liberty C. King George III's violations of American liberty D. the argument that the "divine right of kings" violated the teachings of the Bible
c
20. All of the following resulted from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo EXCEPT: A. the United States gained California B. the United States paid Mexico $15 million C. U.S. troops continued to occupy Mexico D. Mexico gave up all claims to Texas E. the United States gained New Mexico
c
3. The name of the first constitution of the United States that created a government too weak to rule. A. Declaration of Independence B. Constitution C. Articles of Confederation D. Declaration of Resolves
c
4. All of the following might have joined the Free-Soil party EXCEPT: A. supporters of the Wilmot Proviso B. admirers of Martin Van Buren C. "Cotton" Whigs D. Liberty party members E. "Conscience" Whigs
c
5. All of the following were staple crops in various parts of the South EXCEPT: A. tobacco B. cotton C. rubber D. rice E. sugar
c
5. The idea of "manifest destiny" claimed that: A. joint British-American occupation of North America would "civilize" the continent B. immediate war against the British would revitalize the American state C. American expansion westward across the continent was sanctioned by God D. slavery was the result of divine intervention E. men were destined to travel the high seas
c
6. President Zachary Taylor wanted to admit California as a state immediately because he: A. was anti-slavery, and California had voted on a free-state constitution B. was pro-slavery, and California had voted on a slave-state constitution C. wished to bypass the divisive issue of slavery in the territories D. was afraid Mexico would make new claims on the area since gold had been discovered there E. was persuaded to do so by his overwhelmingly northern cabinet
c
6. The rapid expansion of the cotton belt in the South: A. reduced the significance of slavery B. spurred a rise in the number of enslaved blacks given their freedom C. ensured that the region became more dependent on enslaved black workers D. increased the responsibilities of field work for the plantation mistress E. eliminated the presence of all other staple crops throughout the region
c
6. Who coined the term "manifest destiny"? A. President Martin Van Buren B. Texas leader Stephen Austin C. Newspaper editor John O'Sullivan D. Mexican leader Santa Anna E. Swiss immigrant John A. Sutter
c
7. During the great congressional debate over the Compromise of 1850: A. John Calhoun endorsed all of Henry Clay's proposals B. President Taylor promised to veto any new legislation C. Henry Clay pushed for the compromise and national harmony D. Jefferson Davis emerged as a voice of moderation E. Daniel Webster made an impassioned argument for secession
c
7. Many of the Plains Indian societies encountered by Americans migrating westward: A. exhibited remarkable similarities to New England society. B. knew no warfare until the coming of the white man C. were largely homogeneous and devoid of any substantive differences among them. D. were horse-borne nomads E. had already become deeply rooted in Christianity
c
7. The Peggy Eaton affair revealed: A. Jackson's insensitivity toward women B. Jackson's tendency to favor Calhoun over Van Buren C. the destructive gossip of the Washington social scene D. Jackson's willingness to take the political advice of women E. the increasing equality of women
c
7. The major reason the South did not industrialize was that: A. slaves could not do factory labor B. planters did not care about making money C. plantation slavery was quite profitable D. it lacked natural resources E. its banking system was too limited
c
8. Andrew Jackson's political views were closest to A. John Adams B. Alexander Hamilton C. Thomas Jefferson D. Aaron Burr
c
The 1828 presidential campaign was dominated by: A. record levels of campaign spending B. debate over tariff policy C. vicious personal attacks D. public concerns over foreign policy E. controversy over foreign immigration
c
The idea of federal support for internal improvements: A. was explicitly authorized by the Constitution B. lost popularity due to the War of 1812 C. was represented by the construction of the National Road D. was equally popular in all sections of the country E. was one of Madison's key proposals in his reelection campaign
c
1. All of the following characterized the United States by the time of Andrew Jackson's election EXCEPT: A. dramatic population growth, especially in urban areas B. increasing production for a national rather than a local market C. an increasing number of wage laborers toiling in factories D. a dynamic economy absent of panics or depressions E. greater regional specialization in terms of production
d
10. President Lincoln finally found a general who would use total and relentless war to achieve victory for the Union army in the person of A. George McClellan B. Robert E. Lee C. George Armstrong Custer D. Ulysses S. Grant
d
14. A typical form of resistance pursued by slaves entailed: A. outright rebellion B. running away C. suicide D. malingering, feigning illness, and sabotage E. arson
d
17. California's Bear Flag Republic: A. was controlled by Mexicans and Indians B. was quickly recognized by the British C. represented a California version of manifest destiny D. lasted only a month until American rule was established E. sent an expedition to capture Santa Fe
d
2. The Jacksonian concept of equality was a belief that: A. social distinctions should be abolished B. people should not be addressed by formal titles C. everyone should have roughly the same amount of money D. everyone should have an equal chance to succeed E. there were few meaningful differences in people's abilities
d
20. One undebatable fact about the Jacksonian era is: A. Jackson's sincere commitment to equality for all Americans B. the wisdom of Jackson's destruction of the "Monster" bank C. Jackson's place as one of the greatest presidents in American history D. the dramatic increase in voter participation by 1840 E. the degree to which common men lessened the power of elites
d
4. Which leader is described as a president without a party? A. William Henry Harrison B. Sam Houston C. James K. Polk D. John Tyler E. Henry Clay
d
4. Which statement offers the most accurate overview of the Old South? A. It was a solidly unified region with common economic interests. B. For all the differences within the South, the region's commitment to slavery was the same throughout. C. The South had remained socially, culturally, and economically unchanged for centuries. D. Its distinct subregions had quite different economic interests and varying degrees of commitment to slavery. E. The "Old South" was politically, economically, and culturally similar to the North.
d
5. The Free-Soil party stance on slavery: A. was endorsed by John C. Calhoun B. attracted Abraham Lincoln into their ranks C. led to the political downfall of Henry Clay D. infuriated John C. Calhoun E. opposed the Wilmot Proviso
d
7. Which of the following is associated with Jacksonian Democracy? A. Expansion of the right to vote and political power of the masses B. Use of the spoils (patronage) system C. Strict (narrow) interpretation of the Constitution D. All of the above
d
8. Plantation mistresses: A. tended to oppose slavery B. very seldom toiled C. were usually college-educated D. supervised the domestic household E. could count on their husbands being faithful
d
8. What effect did Mexico's winning its independence from Spain have on American settlement in the Southwest? A. The establishment of the new Mexican state made settlement in its territories more difficult. B. Patterns of American settlement of the former Spanish, now Mexican, territories, remained unchanged. C. American settlers were immediately and forcibly removed from all Mexican territories. D. American settlement and expansion into the former Spanish territories increased after Mexico gained independence. E. Americans began to flee the former Spanish territories once Mexico gained independence.
d
9. Given the bitterness of the congressional debate, why was Stephen Douglas successful in getting the Compromise of 1850 passed? A. He dropped the question of the slave trade in the District of Columbia. B. He could depend on a sympathy vote from supporters of deceased President Taylor. C. His support for popular sovereignty allowed many abolitionist senators to vote with him. D. He split the issues into separate bills. E. He was in better health and was more charismatic than Clay.
d
9. When and where did General Lee surrender to General Grant, effectively ending the Civil War? A. Gettysburg, July 5, 1863 B. Antietam, September 17, 1862 C. Monmouth Courthouse, April 14, 1864 D. Appomattox Courthouse, April 9, 1865
d
In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Marshall court struck down that state's ability to tax: A. imports B. income C. farmers D. the national bank E. private contracts
d
The Louisiana Purchase was a problem for Jefferson because: A. the cost was too high for the United States to pay B. acquisition of new Indian lands was contrary to his principles and beliefs C. the territory was ideal for slavery, which he opposed D. he believed that the Constitution did not give authority to acquire new land E. it would be hard to defend it against the Spaniards
d
The greatest support for the declaration of war in 1812 came from: A. the New England area B. the areas in which commerce and international trade were a primary occupation C. the manufacturing centers D. the agricultural regions from Pennsylvania southward and westward E. the Old Republicans
d
The most notable aspect of the British assault upon Baltimore was: A. the complete destruction of Fort McHenry B. the large number of civilian casualties C. the length of the siege that followed D. its inspiration for the eventual national anthem E. the superb performance of the U.S. Navy
d
Thomas Jefferson's inaugural address reflected: A. his strong partisan desire to oppose the Federalists now that he was in office B. his desire to adopt Federalist principles now that he was in office C. an affirmation of educational elitism and commitment to continued governmental formality D. a tone of simplicity and conciliation E. his hopes for a new war to unify the country
d
Which of the following was NOT a popular leisure activity? A. drinking B. cockfighting C. dogfighting D. picnics E. boxing
d
1. As president, William Henry Harrison: A. merely followed the orders of Henry Clay B. tried to slow American migration to the West C. was able to fulfill most of the Whig economic platform D. brought a completely different background to office than Andrew Jackson E. died after only a month in office
e
10. The Compromise of 1850: A. gave Texas more territory B. admitted Utah as a slave state C. postponed California statehood D. ended slavery in Washington, D.C. E. strengthened the Fugitive Slave Law
e
12. The Indian Removal Act of 1830: A. allowed Indians who wished to become American citizens to remain on their homeland B. became law after Congress overrode Jackson's veto C. proposed moving Indian tribes to areas west of the Mississippi River D. contained loopholes designed to exclude peaceful Indians from removal E. showed Jackson's willingness to pursue policies that might hurt his popularity
e
13. In Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, the Marshall court: A. backed states' rights over federal authority B. forced Jackson to protect Cherokee land titles C. supported Georgia's control of all lands in its boundaries D. ordered the relocation of the Cherokees to the West E. took the side of the Cherokees
e
13. The slave revolt led by Nat Turner: A. resulted in his escape to Canada B. was one of hundreds in American history C. proved the influence of abolitionists in the South D. was betrayed before it even got started E. killed more than 50 whites before its suppression
e
13. Who was the first president of the Republic of Texas? A. Stephen Austin B. Andrew Jackson C. James Polk D. Santa Anna E. Sam Houston
e
15. By the 1832 election, the Jacksonians had become known as the: A. Unionists B. National Republicans C. Anti-Federalists D. Whigs E. Democrats
e
17. Who was considered the "high priest" of Transcendentalism? A. John Quincy Adams B. Joseph Smith C. William Garrison D. William Ellery Channing E. Ralph Waldo Emerson
e
19. The decisive victory in the war came with Winfield Scott's capture of: A. Monterrey B. Veracruz C. Cerro Gordo D. Puebla E. Mexico City
e
2. Harriet Beecher Stowe's book, Uncle Tom's Cabin: A. romanticizes slavery B. mirrors the portrayal of the South in Gone With the Wind C. celebrates the Old South and its quaint culture D. argues that the institution of slavery benefited the slaves E. exposed the dark side of southern culture
e
2. William Henry Harrison: A. was the last president elected from the Jacksonian Democratic party B. developed a close association with Henry Clay during his presidency C. led the fight to annex Texas D. was the first president to be assassinated E. was elected more on his military record than for taking a stand on the issues
e
3. Before he became president, Andrew Jackson: A. killed a man in a duel B. was a popular general C. fought the British in the Revolution D. had experienced youthful poverty E. all of the above
e
3. President Tyler infuriated Henry Clay by vetoing his bill in support of: A. Texas annexation B. higher tariffs C. Indian removal D. pensions for veterans E. a new national bank
e
5. Which of the following terms frequently describe Jackson? A. violent B. impulsive C. volatile D. explosive E. all of the above are correct
e
6. Andrew Jackson was a true Jeffersonian in his: A. elitism B. support for a national bank C. opposition to slavery D. religious faith E. belief in limited government
e
9. The Americans known as "mountain men" who blazed western trails were: A. army scouts B. missionaries C. mountain climbers D. horse traders E. fur trappers
e
Jefferson sent Lewis and Clark to: A. make peace with the Indians B. establish a settlement in Louisiana C. capture California D. spread Christianity westward E. map and explore well beyond the Mississippi
e
Minstrel shows: A. were usually performed in saloons B. appealed primarily to elite audiences C. featured professional productions of Shakespeare D. helped whites become more racially tolerant E. employed familiar stereotypes of African Americans
e
The Know-Nothings campaigned primarily to: A. cut taxes B. establish public schools C. promote Christianity D. prohibit drinking E. limit immigrant influence
e
The War of 1812: A. made the United States a world power B. strengthened the Federalists C. was the deadliest in U.S. history D. gave the United States its first colonies E. generated intense patriotic pride
e
1. Jefferson's inauguration was notable for: A. its sharp partisan tone B. the impassioned delivery of his speech C. its being the first in Washington, D.C. D. the luxurious surroundings E. its immediate call to arms
c
1. The movie Gone With the Wind: A. realistically portrays slavery B. mirrors the portrayal of the South in Uncle Tom's Cabin C. presents a mythic view of the Old South D. has little remaining influence in our culture E. offended white southerners at the time of its release
c
10. All of the following statements about southern free blacks are true EXCEPT: A. Most were very poor. B. Some were slave owners themselves. C. No women were among them. D. Some owned and operated businesses that served a white clientele. E. They were still subject to racist legal restrictions not imposed upon whites.
c
11. The compromise tariff that ended the nullification crisis was authored by: A. Martin Van Buren B. Thomas Hart Benton C. Henry Clay D. John C. Calhoun E. Daniel Webster
c
12. Most of the American settlers in Texas went there because of: A. furs B. gold and other mineral deposits C. cheap cotton lands D. trading opportunities with the Indians and the Mexicans E. legal problems in the United States
c
12. Slave women were valued by owners because: A. they exclusively did household labor B. had low birth rates due to their oppression C. of their ability to reproduce D. they were allowed to marry white men E. they never ran away
c
14. The phrase "fifty-four forty or fight!" referred to: A. California B. Florida C. Oregon D. Texas E. Utah
c
15. The burned-over district was: A. the southern frontier B. the coastal areas of the Carolinas C. western New York D. the Appalachian region E. the Mississippi Valley
c
16. Among the vocal opponents of the Mexican War was: A. Thomas O. Larkin B. John Slidell C. Abraham Lincoln D. John Tyler E. John L. O'Sullivan
c
16. Joseph Smith: A. started the Unitarian church in Utah B. was a great revivalist preacher from New England C. founded the Mormon Church in western New York D. claimed to be God's only prophet E. was a "circuit rider" preacher from the South
c
