History 2
Which of these did NOT play a role in stimulating US economic growth and connections to the broader world? a. The rise of railroads b. The Pony Express c. The development of canals d. The market revolution. e. the emergence of steam
b. The Pony Express
Which of the following is NOT true about the Judiciary Act of 1801? A. It resulted in the appointment of William Marbury to the Supreme Court B. It created sixteen new federal judges. C. Jefferson and other Republicans condemned its as a a Federalists court-packing scheme. D. It was repealed the following year. E. Adams used the act to appoint "midnight judges" on his last day in office
A. It resulted in the appointment of William Marbury to the Supreme Court
Which of the following was NOT true of the Battle of New Orleans? a. It made Andrew Jackson a national hero. b. it occurred two weeks before the war ended. c. It restored America's sense of honor d. Its outcome triggered the British blockade of America's coastline. e. It was England's most devastating loss in the war.
b. it occurred two weeks before the war ended.
German immigrants to America differed from the Irish in all of the following ways EXCEPT that a. German immigrants tended to be poorer. b. many German left their homeland for political reasons. c. Germans settled in the Midwest rather than eastern cities. d. Germans became outspoken opponents of slavery. e. only a minority of Germans were Roman Catholic.
a. German immigrants tended to be poorer.
The state constitutions that were drafted beginning in 1776 had all of the following traits in common EXCEPT a. a Bill of Rights b. limited legislative powers c. annual election of legislators, d. little authority for the executive branch. e. a weak judiciary.
b. limited legislative powers
The War of 1812 helped to develop American identity for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that a. Andrew Jackson became a prominent national figure b. it started the early industrial revolution in the US c. Francis Scott Key wrote "The Star Spangled Banner," which became the national anthem. d. it led to the birth of a distinctively national literature. e. Washington, DC was restored as an even more impressive national capitial.
a. Andrew Jackson became a prominent national figure
Which of the following best describes Shays's Rebellion? a. A protest by debt-ridden farmers who were losing their land to foreclosures. b. A violent uprising between backcountry settlers, merchants and Native Americans c. A conflict over heavy taxes on farm products d. a battle over the boarder between Vermont and British Canada. e. A clash over duties imposed by neighboring states on each other's goods.
a. A protest by debt-ridden farmers who were losing their land to foreclosures.
Why did Thomas Paine declare, "The principles of America opened the Bastille:"? a. Both revolutions were built upon the ideals of liberty and equality. b. America and France went through period of intense violence after their revolutions. c. Both revolutions immediately produced strong, powerful leaders. d. Americans' refusal to adhere to their alliance with France sparked a long, deadly war. e. Both nations were spurred to action because the mother country levied unfair taxes.
a. Both revolutions were built upon the ideals of liberty and equality.
Why did former vice president Aaron Burr challenge former treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton to a duel in 1804? a. Hamilton revealed Burr's plan to entice New England and New York to secede. b. Hamilton had accused Burr of corruption while in office. c. Burr discovered that Hamilton had tried to provoke war with France. d. Burr planned to reveal Hamilton's scheme to create a new confederacy from the new western territories. e. Hamilton had encouraged Jefferson to drop Burr from his cabinet during his second term in office.
a. Hamilton revealed Burr's plan to entice New England and New York to secede.
Despite poor working conditions, there were only twenty-four recorded strikes before 1835. Why? a. It was against the law for workers to organize better wages. b. Often poor, workers could not afford to walk off their jobs. c. Many of the workers were children. d. Workers used their newly acquired right to vote to affect change instead. e. Workers distrusted group activism and preferred to act as individuals.
a. It was against the law for workers to organize better wages.
The region that did NOT support the declaration of war against the British was a. New England b. the South c. the West d. the middle Atlantic states e. the Chesapeake
a. New England
What is meant by the term republican motherhood? a. Women as shapers of future citizens. b. Women as vital supporters of the revolutionary cause c. New opportunities for women as future educators. d. the special responsibility elected officials' wives have to set an example for other women. e. the justification for giving women voting rights.
a. Women as shapers of future citizens.
The first national park, Yellowstone, was the product of a. an emerging conservation movement that began in the 1830s. b. a desire to make access to some western lands available to the entire public. c. an effort to keep minors from exploiting and abandoning the soil there. d. President Harrison's love of nature. e. early overcrowding of people and animals on western lands.
a. an emerging conservation movement that began in the 1830s.
Lewis and Clark's expeditions were primarily designed to a. be a scientific and geographic study of the Louisiana Territory. b. explore opportunities for further conquest of territories held by Mexico and Spain. c. establish US dominance over Indian populations in the region d. forge trade links with French, Indian and Spanish settlers in the region. e. search for gold and other valuable minerals.
a. be a scientific and geographic study of the Louisiana Territory.
The election of 1832 changed the face of American politics by a. beginning the tradition of nominating conventions. b. expanding the power of the presidency. c. creating presidential "war chests" (campaign contributions.) d. demonstrating the power of the Electoral College versus the popular vote. e. showing the power of voting blocs and interest groups.
a. beginning the tradition of nominating conventions.
The transcendentalist movement of the 1830s a. celebrated the power of the individual spirit. b. embraced the communal influences of the church and other institutions. c. believed that human beings attain knowledge through the five senses. d. argued that laws and government were the key to social order. e. put the greater good ahead of the individual's needs.
a. celebrated the power of the individual spirit.
The reformer Dorothea Dix is best known for a. championing the mentally ill. b. temperance. c. abolition. d. education reform e. labor reform
a. championing the mentally ill.
The Constitution created a government unlike any in the world at the time because it a. combined self-rule and a self-limiting system of checks and balances, allowing for liberty and order. b. created the first democracy in history with no mention of the monarchs or dynasties prevalent in Europe. c. allowed the states to maintain their individual identities and independence while the national government played a minor role d. took steps to abolish slavery in the future. e. went into effect with the support of a minority of the population. a. combined self-rule and a self-limiting system of checks and balances, allowing for liberty and order. Nice work! You just studied 16 terms! Start over
a. combined self-rule and a self-limiting system of checks and balances, allowing for liberty and order.
Encouraged by the Russian tsar, the 1814 Treaty of Ghent a. ended the fighting and restored the territories . b. forced England to compensate America for impressments and confiscated property during the war. c. demonstrated America's decisive victory against the British d. granted England a neutralized Indian buffer zone in the Great Lakes e. gave part of Maine to England.
a. ended the fighting and restored the territories .
The "loose construction" interpretation of the Constitution refers to the notion that a. in carrying out its duties, the central government can take any measure not specifically prohibited by the Constitution. b. all powers not expressly given to the central government belong to the states. c. the judiciary branch should be the final voice in interpreting the law. d. Congress may pass only those laws and take only those actions deemed necessary to conduct the business of the US. e. the central government can only act as defined by the Constitution.
a. in carrying out its duties, the central government can take any measure not specifically prohibited by the Constitution.
The primary significance of the Monroe Doctrine (1823) is that a. it outlined noncolonization and nonintervention mandates regarding the Americas and beyond. b. It was incorporated into international law. c. it led to a treaty and new boundary arrangements with the Russian tsar regarding Alaska. d. its flexibility permitted reinterpretation by succeeding presidents. e. it was instantly adopted as national doctrine.
a. it outlined noncolonization and nonintervention mandates regarding the Americas and beyond.
The invention of the cotton gin in 1793 contributed to the Civil War nearly seventy years later because a. it renewed the demand for slaves in the South. b. it indirectly spurred industrialization in New England. c. British mills bought the majority of cotton produced in the South. d. King Cotton eventually made up 60 percent of US imports. e. tobacco became a secondary cash crop.
a. it renewed the demand for slaves in the South.
Which of the following statements does NOT describe the Hartford Convention of 1814 a. it strengthened the position of the Federalist party. b. it sought to remove the three-fifths compromise from the Constitution. c. It included the threat of secession by northern states. d. It featured demands for Washington to help compensate New England merchants for wartime financial losses. e. It sought a two-thirds vote in Congress for placing embargoes, admitting new states, and declaring war.
a. it strengthened the position of the Federalist party.
The term "Burned-Over District" refers to a. parts of western New York that were inundated with sermoners preaching hellfire and damnation. b. factory districts in New England that were ravaged by fires in the early 1800s. c. disillusionment in certain parts of the Northeast when Christ's second coming did not occur as predicted. d. sections of the frontier that were overwhelmed with multiple revivals. e. regions of New England that were overcrowded, overgrown, and increasingly run-down.
a. parts of western New York that were inundated with sermoners preaching hellfire and damnation.
John Quincy Adams was largely an unpopular president for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that a. replaced existing officeholders with his political supporters b. supported federal construction of roads and a national university. c. sought to curb land speculation in the West. d. was seen as having stolen the 1824 election. e. was unwilling to court or campaign for public approval.
a. replaced existing officeholders with his political supporters
Americans were angered by the XYZ Affair with France because a. they likened it to a bribe rather than respectable diplomacy b. the French refused to compensate American merchants for goods seized in their ships. c. the French diplomatic minister sent American ambassadors home. d. French importers had blocked American commerce from entering Europe. e. French officials arrested America's diplomatic envoy John Marshall.
a. they likened it to a bribe rather than respectable diplomacy
Which of theses was NOT among the many responses to Jay's Treaty with Britain in 1794? a. Outrage by southerners, Jeffersonians, and the French b. A surge in President Washington's popularity c. Increased interest by Spain in a treaty of its own with America d. Mob riots and demonstrations e. Britain agreeing to pay damages for seizing American ships.
b. A surge in President Washington's popularity
What was the Cherokee strategy for dealing with white encroachment? a. Violent resistance. b. Accommodation c. Intermarriages with white settlers d. Voluntary relocation e. Negotiating treaties and land sales.
b. Accommodation
Politicians' struggle to maintain and strengthen their parties' influence can best be seen in a. Jefferson allowing the Alien and Sedition Acts to expire during his administration. b. Adam's appointment of "midnight judges" at the end of his term. c. Marshall's establishment of judicial review in Marbury v. Madison. d. Aaron Burr challenging Alexander Hamilton to a duel. e. Jefferson's support for the Embargo Act in the era preceding the War of 1812.
b. Adam's appointment of "midnight judges" at the end of his term.
Which of these statements about the election of 1828 is NOT true? a. The two main contenders were both Republicans. b. Adams refused to engage in the negative campaign tactics that Jackson used. c. Jackson's campaign depicted him as a champion of the common man. d. it revealed a shift in political power toward new states west of the eastern seaboard. e. The vote in the middle states was split between both candidates.
b. Adams refused to engage in the negative campaign tactics that Jackson used.
Which of the following was NOT among the forces that pushed President James Madison to war with British in 1812? a. England's arming of hostile Indians along the American frontier. b. British reinforcement of its Orders in Council. c. The rise to power of pro-war representatives in Congress. d. The need to assert American nationhood and rights. e. A desire to restore America's credibility on the world stage.
b. British reinforcement of its Orders in Council.
Which of these was NOT a cause for the antiforeign or nativist movement that emerged in the 1840s and 1850s? a. Fear that immigrants would drive wages down and compete for jobs. b. Concern that increased immigration would drive up land prices. c. Rampant anti-Catholicism d. Fear that foreigners would outnumber native born Americans. e. Concern that immigrants would outvote native born Americans.
b. Concern that increased immigration would drive up land prices.
Why was there a lag in founding women's colleges and other secondary institutions until after the 1820s? a. Lack of funding b. Fear that education would make women unfit for marriage. c. Discomfort with women and men in similar institutions. d. The fact that educating women was against many religious principles. e. The fact that secondary education for women was against the law in many states.
b. Fear that education would make women unfit for marriage.
Who is considered the "father of American history"? a. Francis Parkman b. George Bancroft c. William Prescott d. Herman Melville E. Ralph Waldo Emerson
b. George Bancroft
What move did John Adams make in 1800 that paved the way for the Louisiana Purchase in 1803? a. He launched a crucial military battle that led to victory against French leader Napoleon Bonaparte. b. He accepted a second invitation to negotiate a treaty with the French. c. He authorized the government purchase of foreign land bordering American states. d. He joined forces with the British against France. e. He moved to purchase Florida from the Spanish. b. He accepted a second invitation to negotiate a treaty with the French.
b. He accepted a second invitation to negotiate a treaty with the French.
Which of the following can NOT be said about the Louisiana Purchase? a. It made US isolationism possible. b. It required a constitutional amendment for the purchase to be completed. c. It set precedents for further expansion. d. It more than doubled the size of the US. e. Its 828,000 square miles cost $10 million.
b. It required a constitutional amendment for the purchase to be completed.
Who founded the Mormon religion (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints)? a. Brigham Young b. Joseph Smith c. Charles Finney d. Peter Cartwright e. William Miller.
b. Joseph Smith
In simplest terms, the Nullification Crisis that began with South Carolina in 1828 describes a. the state's attempt to block passage of the Tariff of Abominations in Congress. b. South Carolina's effort to declare the tariff void within its boarders. c. a protest by several southern states to prevent the tariff from being collected. d. the first time the South threatened to secede. e. efforts in Congress to remove the most hated sections of the tariff in subsequent legislation.
b. South Carolina's effort to declare the tariff void within its boarders.
Why did Irish immigrants embrace machine politics in the cities where they settled? a. The machines offered much-needed cash in exchange for Irish votes. b. The machines aided struggling newcomers with free coal, food, and legal advice. c. They pledged to fight anti-Irish prejudice and bigotry. d. The Irish were unaccustomed to politics, and machines provided an easy initiation. e. Political machines helped Irish immigrants acquire land.
b. The machines aided struggling newcomers with free coal, food, and legal advice.
What was the most decisive factor that helped Thomas Jefferson win the 1800 presidential election? a. his support of agrarian interests b. the three-fifths compromise c. New York's electoral votes. d. Anger that Adams failed to declare war on France. e. The Alien and Sedition Acts.
b. The three fifths compromise.
Economically, most Americans after the Revolution were a. much better off financially than they were before the war. b. worse off than before the war c. still heavily importing British goods d. in roughly the same financial position as before the war e. rapidly shifting from farming to manufacturing.
b. Worse off than before the war.
The Constitution that was drafted in 1787 contained all of the following compromises that secured its final passage EXCEPT a. a strong central government. b. a president elected by the people. c. counting slaves as three fifths person d. closing the slave trade by 1807 e. lifetime appointments for federal judges.
b. a president elected by the people.
Passed by the Confederation Congress, the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 a. detailed how western lands would be divided into towns. b. banned slavery in the Old Northwest. c. allowed colonies to become states once they contained thirty thousand residents. d. permanently placed the West under the authority of the federal government. e. called for the sale of western lands to cover the national debt.
b. banned slavery in the Old Northwest.
The case of Marbury v. Madison (1803) is significant because a. reinforced the importance of the Constitution as the bulwark of national law. b. gave the Supreme Court the authority to interpret the Constitution c. said only states can determine the validity of federal laws. d. overturned the Judiciary Act of 1801 e. renewed the charter of the Bank of the US.
b. gave the Supreme Court the authority to interpret the Constitution
All of the following are true statements about the Bill of Rights EXCEPT that it a. is the first ten amendments to the Constitution. b. gives to the federal government all powers not specifically designated in the Constitution. c. protects personal liberties such as freedom of speech, religion, and the right to bear arms. d. was added at the insistence of, and as a compromise with, anti-federalists. e. prevents the government from arbitrarily seizing private property.
b. gives to the federal government all powers not specifically designated in the Constitution.
As chief justice of the Supreme Court, John Marshall made a lasting impact in several decisions that a. increased the power of the states. b. reinforced the doctrine of loose construction regarding the Constitution. c. gave the states the right to alter contracts. d. interpreted the Constitution along strict constructionist lines. e. checked the excesses of business and the federal government.
b. reinforced the doctrine of loose construction regarding the Constitution.
Robert Fulton's development of the steamboat was significant for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that it a. helped fuel further development of the West. b. relied on making the best use of currents. c. shortened travel time and lowered costs. d. transformed streams into two-way transportation arteries. e. facilitated trade with interior and southern regions.
b. relied on making the best use of currents.
The "Era of Good Feelings" refers to a. the exuberance Americans felt in the years after the War of 1812 b. the Presidency of James Monroe c. America's economic boom in the postwar years. d. the end of party infighting between the Federalists and the Republicans e. the end of sectional tensions.
b. the Presidency of James Monroe
A major difference between the Great Awakening and Second Great Awakening was that a. the Second Great Awakening encompassed a return to Catholic and Jewish ideals. b. the Second Great Awakening manifested in reform movements that attempted to dramatically change American society. c. The Great Awakening was unsuccessful at reviving religious fervor. d. the Great Awakening was much larger in scope than the Second Great Awakening.
b. the Second Great Awakening manifested in reform movements that attempted to dramatically change American society.
The main spark in the flowering of a truly American form of literature was the a. emerging consumer culture in the 1820s. b. upswing in nationalism after the War of 1812. c. intensifying rivalry with Britain. d. improvement in publishing techniques. e. rising literacy rates in America.
b. upswing in nationalism after the War of 1812.
The primary cause of the Panic of 1837 was a. the bank crisis b. widespread speculation and get-rich-quick schemes. c. the Specie Circular. d. economic crises in Europe that expanded to America e. eccessive government tariffs and subsidies.
b. widespread speculation and get-rich-quick schemes.
What is meant by the term corrupt bargain in reference to the 1824 presidential election? a. The selection of the president by the House of Representatives rather than the popular vote. b. Efforts by Andrew Jackson's campaign to bribe members of the House of Representatives to vote for their candidate. c. An alleged private deal between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay to ensure Adam's presidency. d. John C. Calhoun's ability to run for vice president on both the Adams and Jackson tickets. e. The arbitrary elimination of the fourth-placed candidate from consideration of presidency by the House of representatives.
c. An alleged private deal between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay to ensure Adam's presidency.
Which were the first two political parties in America? a. Federalists and anti-Federalists b. National Republicans and Democratic Republicans c. Democratic-Republicans and Federalists d. Whigs and Tories e. Democrats and Whigs.
c. Democratic-Republicans and Federalists
What was the main difference between the Whigs and Democrats, the two parties that took hold in the late 1820s and 1830s? a. Democrats tended to be wealthier; Whigs were typically more mainstream. b. Democrats focused on the common good; Whigs celebrated individual freedom and self interests. c. Democrats favored states' rights; Whigs sought federal involvement, including tariffs, schools, internal improvements, and a national bank. d. Democrats tended to be from the North and Old West; Whigs were often from the South and newer western territories. e. Democrats were typically farmers; Whigs were primarily merchants.
c. Democrats favored states' rights; Whigs sought federal involvement, including tariffs, schools, internal improvements, and a national bank.
What was the major significance of the spoils system, as employed by Andrew Jackson? a. It enabled him to revitalize the federal government with new appointees. b. It paved the way for him to expand the powers of the presidency and presidential appointees. c. It became an important tool of the emerging two party system. d. It revealed the potential for scandal and corruption in American politics. e. It led to the first case of embezzlement against the government.
c. It became an important tool of the emerging two party system.
Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the Second Great Awakening? a. It was a religious movement that led to the reorganization of many existing churches and the founding of new sects. b. It drew new converts from massive camp or revival meetings. c. It had its greatest appeal to men, who constituted the majority of new religious adherents. d. It inspired several reform movements. e. It widened existing class and regional divisions.
c. It had its greatest appeal to men, who constituted the majority of new religious adherents.
Why did Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton want the federal government to assume state debts accumulated during the American Revolution? a. He hoped to end the practice of speculating. b. He supported fiscal policies that aided the masses. c. He wanted to prove the federal treasury was solid enough to handle the debt. d. He hoped to shift wealthy creditors' obligations and allegiances from the states to the federal government. e. He wanted to put the new republic on more solid financial ground. d. He hoped to shift wealthy creditors' obligations and allegiance from the states to the federal government. Leaders chose a site along the Potomac River for the nation's capital city in 1790 because a. it was centrally located between northern and southern states. b. it was close to the homes of several leaders, including President George Washington and Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson. c. it would ensure that Virginia would vote in favor of Hamilton's plan for federal assumption of state war debts. d. its strategic location would ensure the collection of customs and duties needed to pay down the national debt. e. its river location made it easily accessible by various transportation routes.
c. It would ensure that Virginia would vote in favor of Hamilton's plan for federal assumption of state war debts.
The United States faced all of the following problems with foreign nations under the Articles of Confederation EXCEPT that a. Britain declined to repeal the Navigation Laws. b. France restricted the US trade with its colonies in the West Indies c. Latin American nations refused US imports d. Spain closed the Mississippi River to American commerce. e. North African pirates enslaved American sailors.
c. Latin American nations refused US imports
What most facilitated the emergence of the trans-Allegheny region (Ohio-Indiana-Illinois tier) as the nation's leading grain producers? a. Rapid settlement of the West b. Southern demands for food products. c. New farming technologies d. A steady labor stream fueled by immigration e. The push of Indians off the land and further west
c. New farming technologies
Which of the following was NOT among the many Utopian communities that sprang up in the early to mid-nineteenth century? a. Oneida b. Brook Farm c. Quakers d. Shakers e. New Harmony
c. Quakers
What was the main factor contributing to rapid population growth in the 1840s and beyond? a. Widespread immigration b. increased imports of slaves c. Rising birthrates d. Improved health e. Acquisition of new territories.
c. Rising birthrates
What move made the US most fearful of new colonization in its territories in 1820s? a. British expansion into Oregon b. Spanish presence in Florida c. Russian expansion beyond Alaska d. British efforts to crush the newly breed Spanish South American territories. e. England's encroachment into Newfoundland fishing regions.
c. Russian expansion beyond Alaska
Who is considered the father of the American factory system? a. Moses Brown b. Eli Whitney c. Samuel Slater d. Francis Cabot e. Isaac Singer
c. Samuel Slater
The Texas Revolution and independence posed a thorny issue for the US because a. almost all of the revolutionaries were Americans. b. the US government had lent money and munitions to support the rebels. c. Texans sought annexation by the US. d. it fueled a battle between Spain and Mexico. e. Santa Anna threatened to move the battle onto US soil.
c. Texans sought annexation by the US.
Although a landmark in government, why were the Articles of Confederation ultimately replaced with the U.S. Constitution? a. The Articles gave each state just one vote in Congress regardless of size. b. The Articles required a unanimous vote of all states to amend them. c. The Articles gave Congress no power to regulate commerce or to enforce taxation. d. The Articles forced states to sacrifice too much of their authority to a central government. e. The Articles prevented Congress from making treaties.
c. The Articles gave Congress no power to regulate commerce or to enforce taxation.
Why was the War of 1812 a culmination of long-standing hostilities between the US and Britain? a. Britain refused to acknowledge American independence despite the terms of the Treaty of Paris. b. The US continued to persecute Loyalists who remained in the country, despite British protests. c. The British practices of impressment and supporting Native Americans against the US were issues during Washington's presidency. d. Britain, adhering to mercantilist philosophy, refused to allow other European nations to trade with the US. e. New Englanders' support for Britain was a divisive force in the US.
c. The British practices of impressment and supporting Native Americans against the US were issues during Washington's presidency.
In the years before the War of 1812, what was impressment? a. Blocking American ships from entering French and British ports. b. The seizure of neutral ships by warring nations. c. The capture and forced military service of American seamen by the British. d. A prohibition on the export of American goods. e. The resale of seized American goods by the warring nations of Britain and France.
c. The capture and forced military service of American seamen by the British.
What was the main reason the leaders in the newly formed United States were suspicious of the formation of political parties? a. They feared such divisiveness might trigger another revolution. b. They were not accustomed to the long-term existence of political parties. c. They considered sustained opposition to government antithetical to unity and the functioning of a republic. d. They believed parties to be seedbeds of corruption. e. they worried that party politics would interfere with the functioning of government.
c. They considered sustained opposition to government antithetical to unity and the functioning of a republic.
Reformers blamed alcohol consumption - Demon Drink - for all of the following EXCEPT a. corruption of women. b. degradation of the family c. decrease in church participation. d. disruption of American society by immigrants. e. decline in worker productivity.
c. decrease in church participation.
Although globally unimportant, the War of 1812 - dubbed "the Second War for America Independence" - was vitally important to the United States for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that it a. inspired a new nationalism in the US. b. created greater respect for America;'s military might in the rest of the world. c. increased a naval presence to protect the Great Lakes. d. stimulated the development of American manufacturing. e. led to Indian treaties that ceded large sections of the region north of the Ohio River to the US.
c. increased a naval presence to protect the Great Lakes.
The aftermath of the American Revolution triggered all of the following social changes EXCEPT that a. property requirements for voting were eliminated. b. trade and labor organizations were founded and grew. c. inheritance laws were restructured so that all property would go to a family's eldest son. d. a movement for the separation of church and state gained momentum. e. efforts to abolish slavery began in the North.
c. inheritance laws were restructured so that all property would go to a family's eldest son.
What is being described by the term the American system? a. The revitalization of fiscal policy under the Bank of the US. b. The implementation of tariffs in 1816 to protect American industries from cheap imports. c. A campaign to develop and bring greater democracy to the West. d. A three-tiered program to promote America's home markets. e. The notion that improving transportation was the central government's responsibility.
d. A three-tiered program to promote America's home markets.
The Articles of Confederation can be viewed as a reaction to life as British colonies because a. the national government was composed of a legislative branch with representatives from the states, similar to the British Parliament. b. all men were given equal rights, as stated in the Declaration of Independence. c. it constructed a weak national government in response to Americans' fears of monarchy and tyranny. d. the national government could tax the states and the people with majority approval in the national Congress.
c. it constructed a weak national government in response to Americans' fears of monarchy and tyranny.
Jefferson considered his election in 1800 a "revolution" because a. he won by a landslide b. it represented rejection of states' rights advocates. c. it marked a return to the values of 1776. d. It proved that American democracy worked. e. he advocated an end to partisanship.
c. it marked a return to the values of 1776.
The first national financial crisis, the panic of 1819, was caused primarily by a. surplus production of American made goods. b. economic downturns in Europe that began to reach American shores. c. overspeculation in western lands. d. a mortgage crisis e. a massive federal wartime debt
c. overspeculation in western lands.
The Trail of Tears is best described as a. the Seminoles' sever-year guerrilla warfare in Florida to protect their land. b. the practice of negating Indian treaties to allow for white encroachment of Indian land. c. the forced march of the Five Civilized Tribes from their eastern homelands to resettlement in the West. d. the bloody Indian resistance in the Black Hawk War to eviction by white settlers. e. the promise by the US government to create a permanent Indian homeland on the frontier.
c. the forced march of the Five Civilized Tribes from their eastern homelands to resettlement in the West
Which of the following did NOT lead to the US acquisition of Florida from Spain? a. Revolutions in Central and South America b. Rumors that Seminole Indians and fugitive slaves were using Florida as a refuge. c. Raids by Andrew Jackson d. America's offer to purchase the state for $5 million from Spain e. A treaty in which America agreed to cede Texas claims in exchange for Florida.
d. America's offer to purchase the state for $5 million from Spain
Why did Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton want the federal government to assume state debts accumulated during the American Revolution? a. He hoped to end the practice of speculating. b. He supported fiscal policies that aided the masses. c. He wanted to prove the federal treasury was solid enough to handle the debt. d. He hoped to shift wealthy creditors' obligations and allegiances from the states to the federal government. e. He wanted to put the new republic on more solid financial ground.
d. He hoped to shift wealthy creditors' obligations and allegiance from the states to the federal government.
Which of the following was NOT part of Hamilton's economic program for a new nation? a. Protecting well to do manufacturing interests b. Establishing a national bank c. Setting an excise tax d. Limiting the power of the central government e. creating a sound monetary policy
d. Limiting the power of the central government
All of the following tensions existed between American settlers in Texas and the Mexican government EXCEPT that a. Mexico abolished slavery, but Americans insisted upon bringing slaves into Texas. b. Americans expected to live by their own rules and resented the Mexican military presence. c. The majority of American settlers were christian, but not Catholic as required by Mexico. d. Mexico expected significant industrial output from settlers who planted little. e. Mexico permitted 300 American families to settle; 30,000 people, including some fugitives, arrived.
d. Mexico expected significant industrial output from settlers who planted little.
Although it signified the US was becoming a world power, the Monroe Doctrine upheld the ideas of Washington's Farewell Address because a. Monroe knew that Great Britain would support the US in cases of European encroachment. b. it promoted commercial relationships between the US and several Latin American nations. c. it was created during the Era of Good Feelings and was not the result of political posturing. d. Monroe pledged that the US would not involve itself in European matters. e. Latin American revolutions were inspired by the American Revolution.
d. Monroe pledged that the US would not involve itself in European matters.
What is the significance of Seneca Falls in 1848? a. the rise of the universal suffrage movement. b. The beginning of the abolition movement. c. The birth of the industrial revolution. d. The advent of the women's rights movement e. The start of a dress reform crusade.
d. The advent of the women's rights movement
The Alien and Sedition laws were intended to accomplish all of the following EXCEPT a. silence critics of the Federalists government. b. target immigrant voters. c. grant the president the right to deport foreigners. d. boost the power and popularity of Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans. e. raise residency requirements for citizenship.
d. boost the power and popularity of Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans.
The nineteenth century "cult of domesticity" is best defined as the a. idea that women should determine family size. b. belief that women should only work as household help, maids and cooks. c. notion that upon marriage, women should leave their paid jobs. d. celebration of women's roles within the home. e. new innovations that simplified housework and freed up women's time.
d. celebration of women's roles within the home.
All of the following contributed to an increased influx of new immigrants to America in the nineteenth century EXCEPT that a. Europe was running out of room for its rapidly expanding population. b. new technologies made transatlantic travel faster and cheaper. c. letters from American loved ones beckoned family to join them. d. companies seeking workers offered lucrative incentives. e. America was perceived as the land of opportunity.
d. companies seeking workers offered lucrative incentives.
Jefferson's embargo strategy to get England and France to honor American neutrality in the years before the War of 1812 ultimately failed for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that he a. underestimated British resistance and determination b. overestimated the importance of American goods overseas. c. did not consider the other countries would step in to fill England and France's import needs. d. did not foresee the massive nationwide protests by American citizens. e. did not factor in the difficulty of enforcing the embargo at home.
d. did not foresee the massive nationwide protests by American citizens
Advancements in American arts and culture resulted from all of the following EXCEPT a. interest in the revival of Gothic forms. b. surging nationalism after the War of 1812. c. the idea that truth "transcends" the senses. d. greater emphasis on education in the South. e. foreign influences, including German romanticism.
d. greater emphasis on education in the South.
Napolean Bonaparte ultimately abandoned his vision of a New World empire and agreed to sell Louisiana to the United States for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a. He failed to conquer Santo Domingo, a necessary first step. b. he feared that Britain, with control of the seas, would wrest control of Louisiana from the French. c. he hoped to prevent the U.S.- British alliance against France. d. he feared America might seize it militarily. e. he hoped the US would become powerful enough to thwart Britain.
d. he feared America might seize it militarily.
The American Revolution is most accurately described as a. a total upheaval of colonial society. b. highly disruptive to work, social, cultural and economic life in the colonies. c. a violent overthrow of the existing political framework d. more of an evolution than a revolution. e. a war that reached far into even the most isolated communities.
d. more of an evolution than a revolution.
Which of the following was NOT among the reasons for revising the Articles of Confederation at the 1787 meeting of state delegates in Philadelphia? a. Gaining better control over commerce. b. Curbing unlimited democracy practiced in several states. c. Strengthening the central government d. protecting existing institutions, including slavery e. safeguarding the union from uprisings
d. protecting existing institutions, including slavery
Which of the following was NOT a change brought on by the Erie Canal? a. The cost of shipping grain decreased sharply. b. New cities in upstate New York blossomed. c. The population of New England skyrocketed. d. The Great Lakes took on a new importance for trade. e. Local markets lost business to continental behemoths.
d. stressed that God created the world but trusted the moral capacity of human beings to run it.
All of the following are true statements about the anti-Federalists EXCEPT that a. they were opposed to a strong central government as outlined in the Constitution. b. revolutionary leaders, including Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry, and Richard Henry Lee, joined their ranks. c. they claimed the Constitution was drawn up by the wealthy to protect their interests. d. they opposed adding a Bill of Rights to the Constitution. e. their position was challenged in articles penned by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison.
d. they opposed adding a Bill of Rights to the Constitution.
Southerners hated the so-called Tariff of Abominations (1828) for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that they a. felt it favored the North. b. feared it would lead the federal government to intervene in slavery. c. had little manufacturing and had to purchase items affected by the tariff. d. thought it would stall their thriving economy. e. felt the government was overstepping its authority.
d. thought it would stall their thriving economy.
George Washington's 1793 Neutrality Proclamation in the conflict between France and England is significant for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that it a. launched America's isolationist foreign policy tradition. b. was based on an accurate assessment of America's military and diplomatic strengths and weaknesses c. marked a departure from the Franco-American Alliance of 1778 d. united Federalists and Jeffersonians around a single cause. e. actually served the French more than American entry into the war might have.
d. united Federalists and Jeffersonians around a single cause.
John C. Calhoun stated, "I never use the word 'nation' in speaking of the US. I always use the word 'union' or 'confederacy.' We are not a nation, but a union, a confederacy of equal and sovereign states." Which action exemplifies this philosophy? a. Advocating a "dual presidency" in which the North and South were represented. b. Accepting the vice presidential nomination in the election of 1828. c. Working in Congress to create compromises to deal with the slavery issue. d. Cooperating with Henry Clay on a South-West alliance. e. Authoring the South Carolina Exposition and Protest.
e. Authoring the South Carolina Exposition and Protest
Events in Europe drew the United States into world affairs in all of the following ways EXCEPT that a. British naval practices in the West Indies led to the extremely unpopular Jay's Treaty b. The prospect of an Anglo-American alliance frightened Spain, leading to Pinckney's Treaty. c. Improved relations with Britain led to the XYZ Affair and the buildup of the navy. d. Napoleon's quest for European domination led to the end of the Franco-American alliance. e. British and French impressments led to an era of complete isolation in the United States.
e. British and French impressments led to an era of complete isolation in the United States.
All of the following American authors celebrated the human potential for goodness and progress in their work EXCEPT a. John Greenleaf Whittier b. Louisa May Alcott c. Henry David Thoreau d. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow e. Edgar Allen Poe
e. Edgar Allen Poe
What was the most fundamental difference between the Federalist party and the Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans? a. Jeffersonians felt that only the talented elite should lead; Federalists embraced the masses. b. Federalists tended to be located along the Atlantic seaboard; Jeffersonians inhabited rural and back-country regions. c. Jeffersonians tended to be slaveowners; Federalists were largely opposed to slavery. d. Federalists embraced commercial interests; Jeffersonaians saw farming as the hallmark of the nation's economy. e. Federalists advocated for a strong central government; Jeffersonians promoted state rights.
e. Federalists advocated for a strong central government; Jeffersonians promoted state rights.
What was the main reason Jefferson reduced the size of the military when he became president? a. He wanted to balance the budget. b. He believed that militaries could not be trusted. c. He regarded a large military as an unnecessary expense. d. He feared being pulled into European conflicts. e. He wanted the United States to be an example for the rest of the world through peaceful coercion.
e. He wanted the United States to be an example for the rest of the world through peaceful coercion.
Which of these was NOT among Andrew Jackson's reasons for vetoing the bill to recharter the Bank of the US in 1832? a. He hated monopolies b. He felt the bank had too much control over the nation's economy. c. He considered it to be unconstitutional. d. He thought the bank was potentially harmful to the nation. e. He wanted to win over wealthy voters from the North and East in his reelection campaign.
e. He wanted to win over wealthy voters from the North and East in his reelection campaign.
The man nicknamed "the father of the Constitution" was a. Thomas Paine b. Thomas Jefferson c. George Washington d. Alexander Hamilton e. James Madison
e. James Madison
What did the Missouri Compromise (1820) seek to accomplish? a. Preserving the Union from the threat of southern secession b. The eventual abolition of slavery. c. Admitting Missouri to the Union as a free state. d. Allowing each new western state to decide the slavery question for itself. e. Maintaining the balance between free and slave states.
e. Maintaining the balance between free and slave states.
The three decisive battles that turned the War of 1812 in the Americans' favor were a. Montreal, Detroit, and Niagara b. Louisiana, Kentucky and Tennessee c. Erie, New England and New Orleans d. New England, Baltimore and New Orleans. e. New York, Washington, and New Orleans.
e. New York, Washington, and New Orleans.
What single issue nearly kept several colonies from refusing to sign the Articles of Confederation? a. slavery b. the organization of the federal government c. taxation d. states' rights e. western lands
e. Western lands.
The Whiskey Rebellion is most significant because a. it marked the first tax rebellion against the new republic. b. distillers were successful in their push to have the government repeal its tax on whiskey. c. it included many former veterans of the American Revolution. d. it was the first protest to make its case without violence. e. it led to the strengthening and increased credibility of Washington's government.
e. it led to the strengthening and increased credibility of Washington's government.
New England was well suited to become an industrial center for all of the reasons below EXCEPT that a. its land was too rocky and difficult to farm. b. its dense population provided a ready labor force and customer base for factory-produced goods. c. its seaports made importing raw materials and exporting finished goods easier. d. its fast-flowing rivers provided the perfect power source for factory cogs. e. it was hardest hit by the lack of imported goods during the War of 1812.
e. it was hardest hit by the lack of imported goods during the War of 1812.
Americans lagged behind the British in industrializing largely because they a. feared they could not compete with the quality of British manufacturing. b. preferred to import rather than manufacture goods. c. associated the factory system with the worst qualities of European society. d. were not interested in shifting from hand-made goods. e. lacked the capital and infrastructure necessary to support the factory system.
e. lacked the capital and infrastructure necessary to support the factory system.
All of these factors pushed new settlers toward the West, beginning in the 1820s, EXCEPT a. The US military action against Native Americans opening up new land to settlements. b. the rapid development of transportation networks along canals and other inland waterways. c.increasing numbers of new immigrants streaming into America and moving westward rather than settling on the coast. d. soil depletion, particularly in tobacco country. e. promises of free government land.
e. promises of free government land.
In office, Jefferson surprisingly only eliminated which one of the following Federalists programs? a. Assumption of states' Revolutionary war debts. b. the bank of the US c. the protective tariff d. Funding the national debt e. the excise tax.
e. the excise tax.
Despite early resistance to public education, once established it was advanced by all of the following reforms EXCEPT a. increasing manhood suffrage. b. campaigns for better schoolhouses and higher pay for teachers. c. efforts to keep children in school for longer terms. d. improvements in textbooks. e. the expanding number of public schools nationwide.
e. the expanding number of public schools nationwide.
In his famed book about his tour through America, Democracy in America, Frenchman Alexis de Tocqueville was most impressed by a. the persistence of slavery in America b. the roughhewn character of President Andrew Jackson c. the nation's bustling cities and commercial centers d. America's emerging industrialization. e. the general equality of the American people.
e. the general equality of the American people.
