History 7
The allies ___ soldiers from the UK to France.
132,500
Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany in ___________
1933
France and the UK grew concerned about Hitler's aggression and declared war in __________
1939
Hitler defeated France in ______
1940
D-Day, on the ____, was the largest ____ invasion in history.
6th of June 1944, sea
Battle of Berlin
AL victory
Battle of Stalingrad
AL victory
D-Day
AL victory
Iwo Jima
AL victory
Philippine Sea
AL victory
Tarawa
AL victory
Bataan
AX victory
Battle of Warsaw
AX victory
Java Sea
AX victory
They faced a series of fortifications called the German _____
Atlantic Wall
6. An American victory that cost 7,600 American lives and 110,000 Japanese lives. It was the closest island to Japan.
Battle for Okinawa
3. A victory for Japan, General MacArthur was forced to leave and his troops surrendered.
Battle in the Philippines
5. American victory that was the turning point in the Pacific War
Battle of Midway
the Soviets won this battle, but lost 1,100,000 solders.
Battle of Stalingrad
After this battle, Germans could do little but retreat:
Battle of the Bulge
German counteroffensive in December 1944
Battle of the Bulge
9. Allied forces stop the Japanese advance toward Australia
Battle of the Coral Sea
Atlantic Charter
Britain and America's pledged collective security, disarmament, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas.
appeasement
Britain and France were following this policy when they gave in to Hitler's demands in order to try and prevent war.
Joseph Stalin
Communist dictator of the Soviet Union
1. interracial organization formed to fight discrimination
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
the first large scale invasion by Allied Forces in 1944 to Normandy France, in order to begin land warfare in Europe
D-Day
When did Japan Attack Pearl Harbor?
December 7, 1941
1. American bombing of Tokyo
Doolittle's Raid
Where was the nearest Japanese attack to the U.S. mainland?
Dutch Harbor
Turn to pages 96-97 of the Atlas. Look again at the map "Victory In Europe." Order the following events in the allied advance in Africa and Italy in the order they occured.
El Alamein, Kasserine Pass, Sicily, Salerno (italy surrenders), Anizo
Japanese Americans were not allowed to serve in combat in WWII
False
Throughout the 1930's, dictators seized control in many countries, but NOT in
France
1. law passed by Congress to help servicemen readjust to civilian life by helping them attend school, buy a house, and start a business
GI. Bill of Rights
Which descents of people were not required to evacuate from any part of the country?
German and Italian
What country declared war on the United States shortly after Pearl Harbor?
Germany
What caused France and Great Britain to finally declare war on Germany?
Germany invaded Poland
Axis powers
Germany, Italy, and Japan
7. An ultimate Allied victory on what was called the "Island of Death"
Guatalcanal
2. became President upon Roosevelt's death; made the decision to drop the atomic bomb
Harry S. Truman
Prior to declaring war, which of the following most accurately refleted Roosevelt's view on the U.S. role?
He wanted to help the allies but did not want to formally enter the war.
How did the Great Depression help the Nazis gain power in Germany?
High unemployment and a weak economy made many Germans desperate.
3. Japanese city that was the site of the first atomic-bomb drop
Hiroshima
The leader of Germany during the Second World war
Hitler
4. Allies' method of combining land, sea, and air forces to capture and secure islands
Island hopping
What was the significance of the Lend-Lease Act?
It provided needed supplies and arms to countries fighting Germany.
How did Germany's taking over of Austria and the Sudetenland fulfill a specific Nazi goal?
It united German-speaking people in one country.
How was the Atlantic Charter a step toward the United States going to war?
It was a joint declaration of war goals.
Though Germans put up strong resistance during this campaign, the Allies captured Sicily and forced Mussolini to resign.
Italian Campaign
Who did Churchill and Roosevelt decide was a bigger threat and should be the first focus of the war effort?
Italy and Germany
As part of the "island hopping" strategy, the United States attacked _ in 1945 in order to gain an airfield from which to bomb the home islands of Japan.
Iwo Jima
4. scientist who led the Manhattan Project
J. Robert Oppenheimer
This country was an ally of Germany and Italy
Japan
Which group of people suffered 6 million deaths during the Holocaust?
Jews
On page 92 and 93, look at the maps "Italian Aggression," "German Aggression," and "Japanese Aggression." Look at what year the following countries were conquered and place them in the order starting with the earliest.
Manchuria, Ethiopia, Peking and Nanking, Austria, Czechoslovakia
4. a secret research project that resulted in the atomic bomb
Manhattan Project
Why was isolationism so popular in the United States in the 1920s and 1930s?
Many Americans did not want to experience an international war again.
U.S. naval forces defeated Japan at the Battle of _ , halting Japan's advance across the Pacific and damaging its naval forces severely.
Midway
The leader of Italy during the Second World War
Mussolini
Adolf Hitler
Nazi dictator of Germany
How many men died aboard the U.S.S. Arizona?
Nearly 1,200
In order to keep the United States out of future wars, Congress passed a series of _ Acts in 1935, 1937, and 1939.
Neutrality
This British prime minister was responsible for the Munich Agreement which gave the Sudetenland to Germany in exchange for Germany's pledge not to demand any additional territory.
Neville Chamberland
Battle of the Bulge
No victory
Coral Sea
No victory
How effective was the League of Nations in dealing with aggression among nations in the 1930s?
Not effective
7. the tribunal that tried Nazi leaders for war crimes
Nuremberg Trials
3. the federal government agency that fought inflation
Office of Price Administration (OPA)
What battle was seen as a preview of an invasion of Japan?
Okinawa
The Allied soldiers faced German artillery and machine gun fire, especially at _____ Beach
Omaha
The invasion of their country triggered World War II
Poland
Hideki Tojo
Prime minister of Japan during World War II
In 1936 he placed troops in the ________
Rhineland
In 1935 he gained control of a small area called _________
Saar
In 1941 Hitler attacked the __________
Soviet Union
Who pressured Britain and the U.S. to open a "second front" in Western Europe four years before they did so?
Stalin
The Germans had expected the Allies to cross the ______ and were surprised by the landings at Normandy
Strait of Dover
Germany took control of Austria and an area of Czechoslovakia called the ________ in __________.
Sudetenland, 1938
What were the nations against the Axis Powers called?
The Allies
This name was given to Germany and its allies
The Axis Powers
8. Japanese soldiers forced defeated soldiers on a long journey, beating and starving them along the way
The Bataan Death March
Why did Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S. after the U.S. declared war on Japan?
The Tripartite Pact said that Germany, Italy and Japan would defend each other in case of attack.
How did many German citizens react to the Treaty of Versailles following World War 1?
They were angry and resentful at what they felt was an unfair treaty.
During the Italian Campaign, Roosevelt and Churchill met at Casablanca and decided what?
They would only accept unconditional surrender of the Axis powers.
People will be placed in internment camps further east, for example...
Topaz in Utah, and Heart Mountain in Wyoming.
Blitzkrieg was effective because it surprised enemy forces and crushed them with overwhelming force.
True
Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in order to expand further in the Pacific.
True
Most of the United State's large warships at Pearl Harbor were damaged or sunk.
True
The League of Nations refused to use force against Japan, Italy, and Germany because they remembered the horrors of WWI.True
True
This African American unit fought with distinction in the Italian Campaign, winning Distinguished Unit Citations for their outstanding aerial combat:
Tuskegee Airmen
6. world peacekeeping organization created after World War II
United Nations
5. Victory in Europe Day, May 8, 1945
V-E Day
What three other Pacific bases were attacked shortly after Pearl Harbor?
Wake Island, Guam, and the Philippines
5. government agency that decided which companies would make war materials and how to distribute raw materials
War Production Board (WPB)
On February 13, 1942, all of the Japanese descents, including all ages and gender were ordered to leave these coastal areas.
Washington, Oregon, California, and southern Arizona.
He swore to avenge Germany's humiliation after __________
World War I
Allies
a group of nations, including the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union, who opposed the Axis powers
1. concentration camp
a prison camp operated by the Nazis where Jews and others were starved doing slave labor or murdered
4. ghetto
a segregated neighborhood
The Allied invasion of ___ was given the code name D-Day.
a. France
Which of these allowed the United States to send "all aid short of war" to Britain despite its status as a neutral nation early in WWII?
a. Lend-Lease Act
Who was targeted and beaten in the "Zoot-Suit" riots?
a. Mexican American youth
Who were the defendants at the Nuremberg trials?
a. Nazi leaders
This image became an enduring symbol of women's contribution the the WWII war effort.
a. Rosie the Riveter
What was the Lend-Lease Act?
a. a policy allowing the president to provide weapons to certain foreign countries
What was Kristallnacht?
a. an attack on Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues in Germany
Women who joined the military during WWII served in all of the following roles EXCEPT:
a. bombing cities
One thing NOT DONE by women who joined the military was to
a. fly planes in combat
Which of the following military options did the Allies choose in the Pacific war?
a. follow an island hopping campaign to secure bases leading across the ocean to Japan
The problem of _____ was targeted by the Office of Price Administration.
a. inflation
What did Nazis decide was the "final solution" to the "Jewish question"?
a. killing Jews in death camps
Roosevelt's decision to remove people of Japanese ancestry to internment camps was a response to
a. strong anti-Japanese feelings.
Some African Americans used this slogan to encourage participation in the war effort with the hope of winning against both the axis oversees and discrimination at home.
a. the Double V Campaign
What was the main effect of Executive Order 9066?
a. the evacuation of Japanese Americans to internment camps
Why was the War Production Board (WPB) established during World War II?
a. to asssign resources to the armed forces and war industries as needed
What was the purpose of the National War Labor Board (NWLB)
a. to help settle labor disputes that could affect war production
Non-Aggression Pact
agreement between Germany and Russia not to attack each other and to divide Poland between them
St.Louis
aircraft, ordnance
Detroit
aircraft, ships, tanks, ordnance
china, great britain, soviet union, france, united states
allied powers
The Allied advance in the Pacific generally moved from
b. East to West
Which of these events caused Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany?
b. Germany's invasion of neighboring Poland
Which of the following statements most accurately reflects Roosevelt's feelings toward joining the war?
b. He wanted to help the Allies but had to appease U.S. citizens who opposed entering the war.
According to Truman's journal entry, how did he justify using the atomic bomb?
b. It would bring about an end to the war in the Pacific without sacrificing lives in an Allied invasion.
Where did Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin meet in early 1945 to discuss the postwar world?
b. Yalta
What was the intended product of the Manhattan Project?
b. an atomic bomb
How did the federal government try to reduce public consumption of food and fuel during WWII?
b. by establishing a system of rationing
How did some foreign leaders help protect Jews from the Nazis?
b. by issuing visas or "protective passports"
Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Japanese hoped to gain these key resouces from its new territories:
b. rich oil reserves and military bases
They were essential in keeping American messages encoded and undecipherable by the Japanese:
b. the Navajo code talkers
Which nation(s) signed a nonaggression pact with Germany that led to the invasion and division of Poland?
b. the Soviet Union
What did the Supreme Court rule in its 1944 Korematsu v. United States decision?
b. the U.S. government was justified in forcing Japanese Americans into internment camps out of military necessity
What was the purpose of the Women's Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC)?
b. to allow women to serve in the military in supporting noncombat roles
What was to be the purpose of A. Philip Randolph's proposed march on Washington in 1941?
b. to protest discrimination against African Americans in industry and the military
The GI Bill of Rights made it possible for
b. veterans to attend college for free.
Before the United States entered WWII, Germany had done all of the following aggressive actions except:
bombing the United States mainland
Why were the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway important?
c. Allied naval forces halted the advance of the Japanese in the Pacific.
Which of the following was NOT captured by the Japanese following the attack on Pearl Harbor?
c. Australia
All of the following internal population migrations were caused by WWII EXCEPT:
c. German Americans were put into camps out of fear they would engaging in spying and sabotage.
V-E Day, or May 8, 1945, was the day when:
c. Germany surrendered
In what way was Hitler's "Final Solution" an application of Nazi beliefs?
c. He condemned groups deemed inferior to death in order to preserve the purity of the Aryans.
How did President Roosevelt respond to A. Philip Randolph's threat to organize a protest march by African Americans on Washington DC in 1941?
c. He signed an executive order outlawing discrimination by defense contractors.
On Dec. 7, 1941, President Roosevelt asked Congress for a declaration of war. Which of these events led to this request?
c. Japan's surprise attack on a US naval base in Pearl Harbor
The quotation below comes from a 1944 Supreme Court decision: "It should be noted... that all legal restrictions which curtail the civil rights of a single racial group are immediately suspect. That is not to say that all such restrictions are unconstitutional. It is to say that courts must subject them to the most rigid scrutiny. Pressing public necessity may sometimes justify the existence of such restrictions." - Justice Hugo Black, 1944 Justice Black's opinion was issued in which of these Supreme Court cases?
c. Korematsu v. United States
Which of these groups was targeted by white mobs in the Zoot Suit Riots?
c. Mexican American teenagers
At the end of World War I, many new democracies were established in Europe. In the years between the two world wars, what happened to most of the democracies?
c. They were replaced by dictatorships.
All of the following are ways WWII affected the U.S. economy EXCEPT
c. Women and minorities received equal pay for equal work.
Truman's aim in deciding to drop the atomic bomb was to ___.
c. end the war and save American lives
In following a policy of appeasement, what did Britain and France do?
c. submitted to Hitler's demands
What finally prompted Japan to surrender to the Allies on August 14, 1945?
c. the atomic bomb attacks of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
What was the purpose of the War Refugee Board?
c. to rescue Jews in Hungary, Romania, and other parts of Europe
Why did Roosevelt issue Executive Order 9066?
c. unfounded fear of Japanese immigrants as potential spies
The Zoot Suit Riots started when which group attacked Mexican American youths?
c. white soldiers and sailors.
To protest discrimination, ___ organized a march of Washington of July 1, 1941.
d. A. Phillip Randolph
Why didn't the United States accept as many German Jews as it might have?
d. Americans feared Jewish refugees were "enemy agents" and that they would hurt the economy.
Which of the following helped over 2 million US veterans attend college after WWII?
d. GI Bill of Rights
What happened during the Battle of Britain?
d. Germany bombed Britain for two months.
How did General MacArthur change Japan following the war?
d. He introduced democracy and a free-market economy.
Where did the United States drop the atomic bomb?
d. Hiroshima and Nagasaki
What happened to the boat the St. Louis?
d. Its Jewish refugees were denied entry to the US and were forced to return to Europe.
Why didn't Britain and France accept as many German Jews as they might have?
d. Nazi laws left many Jews without money or property, and most countries were unwilling to take in poor immigrants.
All of the following were agreements made at the Yalta Conference EXCEPT:
d. The allies would accept a "negotiated" peace with the Japanese where they could keep their emperor
The Allied D-day invasion of Europe was
d. a massive air and sea attack on German-occupied France.
On what did the German military strategy of blitzkrieg depend?
d. surprise and overwhelming force
What was the Manhattan Project?
d. the plan to develop the atomic bomb
Why was the Servicemen's Readjustment Act (more commonly known as the G.I. Bill of Rights) passed?
d. to help veterans attend school, start a business, buy a house, and return to civilian life
What was the Allied "island-hopping" stratagey in the Pacific?
d. to take over less-well-defended islands and use them to launch future operations
Japanese Americans on the West Coast spent the war years
d. unjustly imprisoned in internment camps.
2. genocide
deliberate and systematic killing of an entire people
In Hawaii, Japan only attacked Pearl Harbor.
false
The Axis were the only side that killed civilians
false
World War I was deadlier than World War II
false
Benito Mussolini
fascist dictator of Italy
Nazism
fascist political philosophy of Germany based on extreme nationalism
Selective Training and Service Act
first peacetime military draft under which 16 million men between the ages of 21 and 35 were registered
totalitarian
government that has complete control over its citizens and puts down all opposition
2. confinement under guard, especially during wartime
interment
At first, the United States fought for this side
is:Neither
What was the U.S. Strategy in the Pacific called?
island hopping
Which of the following groups were targeted groups of Hitler's "final solution"? Select all that are correct.
jews, homosexuals, the disabled, jehovahs witness, freemasons, roma gypsies
2. Japanese suicidal plane attacks
kamikazi
Neutrality Acts
laws passed by Congress to ban the sale of weapons or the giving of loans to nations at wars
To support the landings, the Allies landed _____ behind the German defenses.
paratroopers
fascism
political system that stressed nationalism and the interests of the state over the rights of the individual
Neville Chamberlain
prime minister of Great Britain before World War II
6. restricting the amount of food and other goods people may buy during wartime to assure adequate supplies for the military
rationing
Norfolk
ships
What did the U.S. do to protest the Japanese take over of French military bases in Indochina?
stopped trade with Japan
To prevent _ , which could slow down wartime production, President Roosevelt established the National War Labor Board (NWLB) in 1942.
strikes
3. Holocaust
systematic murder of more than 11 million Jews and other people in Europe by the Nazis
Saar
taken by Germany
Manchuria
taken by Japan
Memel
taken by germany
Albania
taken by italy
Ethiopia
taken by italy
Canton
taken by japan
What was Operation Overlord?
the Allied invasion of Normandy
What event finally forced the United States to declare war against the Axis?
the Japanese attack on the US naval base at Pearl Harbor.
Why did Japan invade Manchuria?
to gain "living space" and resources
What was the purpose of Operation Torch?
to invade North Africa and open a second front against the Axis powers
What was the German strategy in the Battle of the Atlantic?
to use submarines to sink U.S. ships bringing supplies to the Soviet Union and Great Britain
Why did Japan attack the U.S. naval fleet at Pearl Harbor?
to weaken U.S. naval power and allow Japan to expand in the Pacific
Allied air attacks damaged German factories
true
Civilians made up about 2/3 of all people killed in WWII
true
Nazi concentration camps killed more than 13 million people
true
The Soviet Union pushed back the Axis after Stalingrad
true