History Alive Chapter 8 - Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs
The Middle Kingdom of Egypt
famous for reunification because it followed mamy years of chaos and disunity
White Limestone
Originally covered the Great Pyramid and was stolen to build the city of Cairo.
Hatshepsut
promoted trade with other countries
Pharaoh Khufu
told his people he was a god so they would respect his power
Pharaoh Senusret I
(Middle Kingdom) A patron of the arts who built the White Chapel.
Pharaoh Ramses II
(New Kingdom) A great military leader who built Abu Simbel. Best preserved mummy ever found.
Pharaoh Hatshepsut
(New Kingdom) The first female pharaoh who built Dayr al-Bahri.
Pharaoh Khufu
(Old Kingdom) Best known for builder of the Great Pyramid of Giza.
Pharaoh Tutankhamen
Brought the worship of many gods back to Egypt after Akhenaten ruled. His was the only intact tomb ever discovered.
Great Sphinx
Built 4,500 years ago for Pharaoh Khafra. Damaged by pollution, sandstorms, and bullets.
Great Pyramid of Giza
Built as a tomb for Khufu on the Giza Plateau in 2600 BC. Took 20 years to complete and made up of over 2 million stone blocks.
Pyramid Stones
Built out of granite and limestone taken from quarries across the Nile and 400 miles upriver. Took 20 to 50 people to move a stone into place.
Pharaoh Akhenaten
Changed the religion of Egypt from worshipping many gods to worshipping one god, Aten.
Imhotep
Designed and built the first pyramid, the step pyramid, for King Zoser.
Howard Carter
Discovered King Tut's tomb in 1922.
Pyramids
Huge, triangular shaped monuments, common in ancient Egypt and built around a tomb.
Pharaohs
Powerful leaders in ancient Egypt. Believed to be gods on earth, they were kings, generals, and religious leaders, all at once.
Valley of the Kings
Replaced pyramids as burial chambers when all the pyramids were robbed.
Pharaoh Cleopatra VII
The last pharaoh of Egypt. She was Greek, but lost a war to Ancient Rome, ending Egypt's rule.
Tomb
Where a pharaoh was buried. Most were left unfinished because they feared a pharaoh would die as soon as it was completed.