History Alive Chapter 8 - Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs

The Middle Kingdom of Egypt

famous for reunification because it followed mamy years of chaos and disunity

White Limestone

Originally covered the Great Pyramid and was stolen to build the city of Cairo.

Hatshepsut

promoted trade with other countries

Pharaoh Khufu

told his people he was a god so they would respect his power

Pharaoh Senusret I

(Middle Kingdom) A patron of the arts who built the White Chapel.

Pharaoh Ramses II

(New Kingdom) A great military leader who built Abu Simbel. Best preserved mummy ever found.

Pharaoh Hatshepsut

(New Kingdom) The first female pharaoh who built Dayr al-Bahri.

Pharaoh Khufu

(Old Kingdom) Best known for builder of the Great Pyramid of Giza.

Pharaoh Tutankhamen

Brought the worship of many gods back to Egypt after Akhenaten ruled. His was the only intact tomb ever discovered.

Great Sphinx

Built 4,500 years ago for Pharaoh Khafra. Damaged by pollution, sandstorms, and bullets.

Great Pyramid of Giza

Built as a tomb for Khufu on the Giza Plateau in 2600 BC. Took 20 years to complete and made up of over 2 million stone blocks.

Pyramid Stones

Built out of granite and limestone taken from quarries across the Nile and 400 miles upriver. Took 20 to 50 people to move a stone into place.

Pharaoh Akhenaten

Changed the religion of Egypt from worshipping many gods to worshipping one god, Aten.

Imhotep

Designed and built the first pyramid, the step pyramid, for King Zoser.

Howard Carter

Discovered King Tut's tomb in 1922.

Pyramids

Huge, triangular shaped monuments, common in ancient Egypt and built around a tomb.

Pharaohs

Powerful leaders in ancient Egypt. Believed to be gods on earth, they were kings, generals, and religious leaders, all at once.

Valley of the Kings

Replaced pyramids as burial chambers when all the pyramids were robbed.

Pharaoh Cleopatra VII

The last pharaoh of Egypt. She was Greek, but lost a war to Ancient Rome, ending Egypt's rule.

Tomb

Where a pharaoh was buried. Most were left unfinished because they feared a pharaoh would die as soon as it was completed.