History Exam 3

How many people were out of work in early 1933?

13 million

In 1932 what was the percentage of American's unemployed:

25

What was accomplished by the Emergency Banking Act

Bank Holidays revive and stabilize the economy new law allows the twelve Federal Reserve Banks to issue additional currency on good assets

Which amendment to the constitution is known as the prohibition amendment?

Eighteenth

Of the four presidential candidates in 1912, the one most likely to advocate government ownership of big business was:

Eugene Debs

Businessmen flew "Hoover flags" to show their support for the president's hands-off approach to the Depression.

FALSE

Due to their belief in "freedom of the seas," the British allowed Americans to trade with Germany.

FALSE

FDR made black civil rights a major priority, ordering that New Deal programs not practice racial discrimination.

FALSE

Former president Theodore Roosevelt was one of the biggest supporters of the League of Nations.

FALSE

One of Taft's major issues became his support for high tariffs.

FALSE

The "Bonus Expeditionary Force" was organized to secure the U.S.-Mexico border.

FALSE

The CCC addressed the problem of overcharging by doctors and others in the medical and health professions.

FALSE

The Harlem Renaissance grew out of the fast-growing African-American community in Atlanta.

FALSE

The Kellogg-Briand Pact endorsed future wars.

FALSE

The NAACP favored militant protests over legal challenges as a way to end racial discrimination.

FALSE

The Zimmermann telegram, sent to the Mexican government from the White House, was intercepted by the Germans.

FALSE

The so-called Arabic Pledge involved Wilson's stand to stop North Africa's fall into chaos during the war.

FALSE

William Howard Taft finished second in the presidential election of 1912.

FALSE

In 1926, one warning sign for the economy surfaced when a real estate boom collapsed in:

Florida

terms of the Versailles Treaty

Germany for held responsible for starting World War I. Germany to pay reparations to French and Belgian civilians for the coal mines, factories, and fields its troops had destroyed during the war. The treaty forced Germany to disarm.

Why did the United States enter World I in April of 1917

Germany's unrestricted submarine activity Zimmermann telegram Alliances

Which of the following did W.E.B. Du Bois say in his opposition to Marcus Garvey?

He is "the most dangerous enemy of the Negro race. . . . He is either a lunatic or a traitor."

Which of the following is true of the Lusitania?

It secretly carried weapons and ammunition in its cargo.

Which of the following statements about the Social Security Act is NOT true?

It was based on a progressive tax that took a larger percentage of higher incomes.

Why did women not gain a noticeable gain in political power after they were granted the right to vote

Male domination of both political parties. The rarity of female candidates Lack of experience in voting Lack of female candidates on the ballot.

three major factors that led to World War I

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

Which of the following is NOT associated with major battles in World War I?

Omaha Beach

major political issues in the 1928 election

Prohibition economic equality tariffs

Which of the following statements regarding the coal strike of 1902 is NOT true?

Roosevelt once bellowed that "the Constitution is more important than coal!"

As president, Warren Harding was actually more progressive than Woodrow Wilson in his attitudes and policies toward African Americans.

TRUE

Despite the New Deal, full recovery from the Depression did not come until the crisis of World War II.

TRUE

Henry Cabot Lodge led the Senate Republicans who demanded amendments to the Treaty of Versailles.

TRUE

In the 1920s, people of Latin American descent became the fastest-growing ethnic minority in the United States.

TRUE

Many immigrant groups in the United States supported the Central Powers in the European War.

TRUE

The American Liberty League opposed New Deal measures as violations of personal and property rights.

TRUE

The Wagner Act helped dramatically boost union membership.

TRUE

The phrase "Square Deal" is associated with Theodore Roosevelt.

TRUE

Theodore Roosevelt took a strong, activist approach to the presidency.

TRUE

The title of the novel that described the terrible conditions of the meat-packing industry was:

The Jungle

Which of the following was NOT a cause of the Depression?

The gold standard caused a tightening of currency supplies worldwide.

underlying causes of the Great Depression

The stock market crash of 1929. Over production. The agricultural decline of the 1920's Tarriff Wars Big reduction in the money supply.(1/3)

Wilson's Fourteen Points endorsed all of the following EXCEPT:

U.S. colonies in Africa and Asia

four of the initiatives of the Second New Deal Act

United States Housing Act: Fair Labor Standards Act Social Security Act Wagner Act

Democratic presidential nominee Al Smith was hurt in 1928 by the fact that he was:

a New Yorker and a Catholic

The event that triggered World War I in Europe was:

a Serb's assassination of the Austrian archduke

By the end of 1937, which group had coalesced against the New Deal?

a bipartisan conservative bloc

The 1937 economic slump was caused in part by:

a sharp decrease in government spending

In early 1937, FDR proposed to reform the Supreme Court by:

adding up to six additional members

Unlike baseball, football tended to attract more:

affluent spectators

The Red Scare of 1919-1920 was directed against:

all communists

Kelly Act of 1925

allowed the federal government to subsidize airplanes through airmail contracts

Like Huey Long, Charles Coughlin:

appealed to people who had lost the most during the Great Depression

Miriam Ferguson

as governor of Texas, eliminated textbooks that upheld Darwinism

Hoover's early efforts to end the Depression included:

asking businessmen to maintain wages and avoid layoffs, in order to keep purchasing power strong

The Indian Reorganization Act:

attempted to reinvigorate traditional Native American cultures

John Steinbeck

author of the Grapes of Wrath

The Hepburn Act of 1906:

authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to set maximum rates for railroads

The Seventeenth Amendment:

authorized the popular election of U.S. senators

All of these innovations changed warfare during World War I EXCEPT:

blockades

The election of 1912 brought about all of the following EXCEPT:

brought the same man to the White House in nonconsecutive terms

Douglas MacArthur

cleared out rioting veterans from Washington in the summer of 1932

two Italian-born anarchists sentenced to death and executed even though there was doubt as to their guilt

concerned a state law that prohibited the teaching of evolution in public schools

three important facts about the Federal Reserve Act of 1913

created the federal reserve system established a national banking system made currency and credit more effecient

Under the Espionage and Sedition Acts of 1917-1918:

criticism of government leaders or war policies became a crime

The goal of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to raise farm income mainly through:

cutbacks in production

Huey Long:

developed a program called Share the Wealth

What impact did automobiles have on the United States in terms of culture and the creation of jobs?

employed hundreds of thousands of workers and created wholesale industries Cars changed where people lived, what work they did, how they spent their leisure, and even how they thought.

The Adamson Act of 1916:

established the eight-hour day for railroad workers

The muckrakers saw their primary objective as:

exposing social problems to the public

William J. Simmons

founded the KKK

The 1920s "New Era" was created by advances in all the following EXCEPT:

government-funded programs

By the 1910s, the Anti-Saloon League:

had become one of the most effective pressure groups in American history

Harry L. Hopkins

headed the FERA and the WPA

Bernard Baruch

headed the War Industries Board

The U.S. military effort in France:

helped turn back several German offensives

The Red Scare of 1919-1920 reflected the:

impact of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia on the United States as a wave of labor strikes and race riots spread

Labor's new direction in the late 1930s was toward:

industrial unions

Herbert Croly

influenced New Nationalism with the Promise of American Life

One drawback of the Tennessee Valley Authority was that:

it forced people to move if their land was needed for dams and lakes

"Pancho" Villa:

killed a number of Americans in an attempt to provoke American intervention in Mexico

The Spanish flu epidemic:

killed nearly seven times the number of Americans as died of combat deaths in France

The NAACP emphasized:

legal action against discrimination

Despite the fact that the Great War generated many changes in female employment, these changes were:

limited and brief

The tariff policy of the early 1920s:

made it harder for other nations to sell to the United States

In the progressive period:

many groups—blacks, the poor, the unorganized—had little influence

To earn the federal payments for reducing crops:

many landowners took their leased lands out of production

The "Bonus Expeditionary Force":

marched on Washington in an attempt to get immediate payment of a veterans' bonus that Congress had approved in 1924

When news of the European war first reached the United States:

most high government officials were pro-British

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation:

offered emergency loans to banks, life-insurance companies, and railroads

In the case of Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United States, the Supreme Court:

overturned the National Industrial Recovery Act

The congressional resolution for war:

passed overwhelmingly

What were some early warning signs of trouble in 1929 that the U.S. economy was in trouble

prices for farm goods stayed low (overproduction), demand for new homes & buildings slowed, consumers buying less, most ignored warnings that good times would not last

Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom platform:

proposed vigorous anti-trust action to break up corporate concentration

In the presidential election of 1932:

radical Socialist and Communist party candidates won nearly 1 million votes

The Revenue Act of 1935 (sometimes called the Wealth-Tax Act):

raised taxes on incomes above $50,000

What is progressivism?

reform movements that sought to raise living standards and correct wrongs in American society

The Treaty of Versailles did all of the following EXCEPT:

require veterans' pensions to be paid by their home country

The greatest failure of the New Deal was its inability to:

restore economic prosperity and end record levels of unemployment

In the case of Norris v. Alabama, the Supreme Court:

ruled that the systematic exclusion of blacks from juries denied Scottsboro defendants equal protection of the law

Despite his racist views, President Wilson still nominated Josephus Daniels for:

secretary of the navy

In an effort to topple Victoriano Huerta's dictatorial government in Mexico, President Wilson:

sent the military to occupy the port of Veracruz

William H. Taft

served on the Ohio Supreme Court

The Food Administration:

taught Americans to plant victory gardens and use leftovers wisely

The turning point in France came at the Second Battle of:

the Marne

A major factor in Woodrow Wilson's victory in the 1912 presidential campaign was the fact that:

the Republican party had split in two

Roosevelt's court-packing scheme became unnecessary when:

the Supreme Court began reversing previous judgments and upholding the New Deal

The dust bowl can be associated with:

the blowing away of millions of acres of topsoil

Part of the reason for the stock market crash was:

the buying of great amounts of stock on margin

The result in the presidential election of 1920 might be attributed to:

the fact that Americans in the 1920s were "tired of issues, sick at heart of ideals, and weary of being noble"

Of all the causes of the stock market crash of October 1929, the greatest culprit was:

the weak foundation of the 1920s economy

At the end of 1928, President-elect Herbert Hoover sought to demonstrate his activist bent by:

touring ten Latin American nations

What gave World War I its lasting character?

trench warfare

Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were:

two Italian-born anarchists sentenced to death and executed even though there was doubt as to their guilt

Conservatives lambasted the Social Security Act as:

tyrannical

All of the following influenced the U.S. decision to enter the war against Germany EXCEPT:

unrestricted submarine warfare by the Germans

In the area of conservation, Theodore Roosevelt:

used the Forest Reserve Act to withdraw over 170 million acres of timberland from logging

Harold Ickes

was Interior secretary

William Jennings Bryan

was Wilson's first secretary of state

Robert Lansing

was Wilson's second secretary of state

John J. Pershing

was a Word War I general

The "Ohio gang":

was a group of President Harding's friends who were named to political office

President Wilson's response to the sinking of the Lusitania:

was a series of notes demanding that Germany stop such actions and pay reparations

The movement of southern blacks to the North:

was called the Great Migration

The conservative Democratic opposition to the New Deal in the late 1930s:

was heaviest in the South

The Universal Negro Improvement Association:

was led by Marcus Garvey

The Revenue Act of 1916:

was primarily to raise money to pay for war preparations

Al Smith

was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1928

James Weldon Johnson

was the NAACP field secretary

Theodore Roosevelt

was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912

In the presidential election of 1912, William Howard Taft:

was the Republican candidate

Calvin Coolidge

was the Republican vice-presidential candidate in 1920

Eugene V. Debs

was the Socialist party presidential candidate

A. Mitchell Palmer

was the US attorney general that led the Red Scare

Marcus Garvey

was the leader of Negro nationalism

Charles E. Coughlin

was the radio priest

American troops landed in Russia in 1918:

when Russia signed a separate peace treaty with Germany

What made the dust storms worse than normal was the transition during the early twentieth century from:

widespread scattered subsistence farming to industrial agriculture

President Taft's domestic policies generated a storm of controversy:

within his own party

Herbert Hoover

wrote American Individualism

Lincoln Steffens

wrote the Shame of the Cities