History Exam 3
How many people were out of work in early 1933?
13 million
In 1932 what was the percentage of American's unemployed:
25
What was accomplished by the Emergency Banking Act
Bank Holidays revive and stabilize the economy new law allows the twelve Federal Reserve Banks to issue additional currency on good assets
Which amendment to the constitution is known as the prohibition amendment?
Eighteenth
Of the four presidential candidates in 1912, the one most likely to advocate government ownership of big business was:
Eugene Debs
Businessmen flew "Hoover flags" to show their support for the president's hands-off approach to the Depression.
FALSE
Due to their belief in "freedom of the seas," the British allowed Americans to trade with Germany.
FALSE
FDR made black civil rights a major priority, ordering that New Deal programs not practice racial discrimination.
FALSE
Former president Theodore Roosevelt was one of the biggest supporters of the League of Nations.
FALSE
One of Taft's major issues became his support for high tariffs.
FALSE
The "Bonus Expeditionary Force" was organized to secure the U.S.-Mexico border.
FALSE
The CCC addressed the problem of overcharging by doctors and others in the medical and health professions.
FALSE
The Harlem Renaissance grew out of the fast-growing African-American community in Atlanta.
FALSE
The Kellogg-Briand Pact endorsed future wars.
FALSE
The NAACP favored militant protests over legal challenges as a way to end racial discrimination.
FALSE
The Zimmermann telegram, sent to the Mexican government from the White House, was intercepted by the Germans.
FALSE
The so-called Arabic Pledge involved Wilson's stand to stop North Africa's fall into chaos during the war.
FALSE
William Howard Taft finished second in the presidential election of 1912.
FALSE
In 1926, one warning sign for the economy surfaced when a real estate boom collapsed in:
Florida
terms of the Versailles Treaty
Germany for held responsible for starting World War I. Germany to pay reparations to French and Belgian civilians for the coal mines, factories, and fields its troops had destroyed during the war. The treaty forced Germany to disarm.
Why did the United States enter World I in April of 1917
Germany's unrestricted submarine activity Zimmermann telegram Alliances
Which of the following did W.E.B. Du Bois say in his opposition to Marcus Garvey?
He is "the most dangerous enemy of the Negro race. . . . He is either a lunatic or a traitor."
Which of the following is true of the Lusitania?
It secretly carried weapons and ammunition in its cargo.
Which of the following statements about the Social Security Act is NOT true?
It was based on a progressive tax that took a larger percentage of higher incomes.
Why did women not gain a noticeable gain in political power after they were granted the right to vote
Male domination of both political parties. The rarity of female candidates Lack of experience in voting Lack of female candidates on the ballot.
three major factors that led to World War I
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
Which of the following is NOT associated with major battles in World War I?
Omaha Beach
major political issues in the 1928 election
Prohibition economic equality tariffs
Which of the following statements regarding the coal strike of 1902 is NOT true?
Roosevelt once bellowed that "the Constitution is more important than coal!"
As president, Warren Harding was actually more progressive than Woodrow Wilson in his attitudes and policies toward African Americans.
TRUE
Despite the New Deal, full recovery from the Depression did not come until the crisis of World War II.
TRUE
Henry Cabot Lodge led the Senate Republicans who demanded amendments to the Treaty of Versailles.
TRUE
In the 1920s, people of Latin American descent became the fastest-growing ethnic minority in the United States.
TRUE
Many immigrant groups in the United States supported the Central Powers in the European War.
TRUE
The American Liberty League opposed New Deal measures as violations of personal and property rights.
TRUE
The Wagner Act helped dramatically boost union membership.
TRUE
The phrase "Square Deal" is associated with Theodore Roosevelt.
TRUE
Theodore Roosevelt took a strong, activist approach to the presidency.
TRUE
The title of the novel that described the terrible conditions of the meat-packing industry was:
The Jungle
Which of the following was NOT a cause of the Depression?
The gold standard caused a tightening of currency supplies worldwide.
underlying causes of the Great Depression
The stock market crash of 1929. Over production. The agricultural decline of the 1920's Tarriff Wars Big reduction in the money supply.(1/3)
Wilson's Fourteen Points endorsed all of the following EXCEPT:
U.S. colonies in Africa and Asia
four of the initiatives of the Second New Deal Act
United States Housing Act: Fair Labor Standards Act Social Security Act Wagner Act
Democratic presidential nominee Al Smith was hurt in 1928 by the fact that he was:
a New Yorker and a Catholic
The event that triggered World War I in Europe was:
a Serb's assassination of the Austrian archduke
By the end of 1937, which group had coalesced against the New Deal?
a bipartisan conservative bloc
The 1937 economic slump was caused in part by:
a sharp decrease in government spending
In early 1937, FDR proposed to reform the Supreme Court by:
adding up to six additional members
Unlike baseball, football tended to attract more:
affluent spectators
The Red Scare of 1919-1920 was directed against:
all communists
Kelly Act of 1925
allowed the federal government to subsidize airplanes through airmail contracts
Like Huey Long, Charles Coughlin:
appealed to people who had lost the most during the Great Depression
Miriam Ferguson
as governor of Texas, eliminated textbooks that upheld Darwinism
Hoover's early efforts to end the Depression included:
asking businessmen to maintain wages and avoid layoffs, in order to keep purchasing power strong
The Indian Reorganization Act:
attempted to reinvigorate traditional Native American cultures
John Steinbeck
author of the Grapes of Wrath
The Hepburn Act of 1906:
authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to set maximum rates for railroads
The Seventeenth Amendment:
authorized the popular election of U.S. senators
All of these innovations changed warfare during World War I EXCEPT:
blockades
The election of 1912 brought about all of the following EXCEPT:
brought the same man to the White House in nonconsecutive terms
Douglas MacArthur
cleared out rioting veterans from Washington in the summer of 1932
two Italian-born anarchists sentenced to death and executed even though there was doubt as to their guilt
concerned a state law that prohibited the teaching of evolution in public schools
three important facts about the Federal Reserve Act of 1913
created the federal reserve system established a national banking system made currency and credit more effecient
Under the Espionage and Sedition Acts of 1917-1918:
criticism of government leaders or war policies became a crime
The goal of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to raise farm income mainly through:
cutbacks in production
Huey Long:
developed a program called Share the Wealth
What impact did automobiles have on the United States in terms of culture and the creation of jobs?
employed hundreds of thousands of workers and created wholesale industries Cars changed where people lived, what work they did, how they spent their leisure, and even how they thought.
The Adamson Act of 1916:
established the eight-hour day for railroad workers
The muckrakers saw their primary objective as:
exposing social problems to the public
William J. Simmons
founded the KKK
The 1920s "New Era" was created by advances in all the following EXCEPT:
government-funded programs
By the 1910s, the Anti-Saloon League:
had become one of the most effective pressure groups in American history
Harry L. Hopkins
headed the FERA and the WPA
Bernard Baruch
headed the War Industries Board
The U.S. military effort in France:
helped turn back several German offensives
The Red Scare of 1919-1920 reflected the:
impact of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia on the United States as a wave of labor strikes and race riots spread
Labor's new direction in the late 1930s was toward:
industrial unions
Herbert Croly
influenced New Nationalism with the Promise of American Life
One drawback of the Tennessee Valley Authority was that:
it forced people to move if their land was needed for dams and lakes
"Pancho" Villa:
killed a number of Americans in an attempt to provoke American intervention in Mexico
The Spanish flu epidemic:
killed nearly seven times the number of Americans as died of combat deaths in France
The NAACP emphasized:
legal action against discrimination
Despite the fact that the Great War generated many changes in female employment, these changes were:
limited and brief
The tariff policy of the early 1920s:
made it harder for other nations to sell to the United States
In the progressive period:
many groups—blacks, the poor, the unorganized—had little influence
To earn the federal payments for reducing crops:
many landowners took their leased lands out of production
The "Bonus Expeditionary Force":
marched on Washington in an attempt to get immediate payment of a veterans' bonus that Congress had approved in 1924
When news of the European war first reached the United States:
most high government officials were pro-British
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation:
offered emergency loans to banks, life-insurance companies, and railroads
In the case of Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United States, the Supreme Court:
overturned the National Industrial Recovery Act
The congressional resolution for war:
passed overwhelmingly
What were some early warning signs of trouble in 1929 that the U.S. economy was in trouble
prices for farm goods stayed low (overproduction), demand for new homes & buildings slowed, consumers buying less, most ignored warnings that good times would not last
Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom platform:
proposed vigorous anti-trust action to break up corporate concentration
In the presidential election of 1932:
radical Socialist and Communist party candidates won nearly 1 million votes
The Revenue Act of 1935 (sometimes called the Wealth-Tax Act):
raised taxes on incomes above $50,000
What is progressivism?
reform movements that sought to raise living standards and correct wrongs in American society
The Treaty of Versailles did all of the following EXCEPT:
require veterans' pensions to be paid by their home country
The greatest failure of the New Deal was its inability to:
restore economic prosperity and end record levels of unemployment
In the case of Norris v. Alabama, the Supreme Court:
ruled that the systematic exclusion of blacks from juries denied Scottsboro defendants equal protection of the law
Despite his racist views, President Wilson still nominated Josephus Daniels for:
secretary of the navy
In an effort to topple Victoriano Huerta's dictatorial government in Mexico, President Wilson:
sent the military to occupy the port of Veracruz
William H. Taft
served on the Ohio Supreme Court
The Food Administration:
taught Americans to plant victory gardens and use leftovers wisely
The turning point in France came at the Second Battle of:
the Marne
A major factor in Woodrow Wilson's victory in the 1912 presidential campaign was the fact that:
the Republican party had split in two
Roosevelt's court-packing scheme became unnecessary when:
the Supreme Court began reversing previous judgments and upholding the New Deal
The dust bowl can be associated with:
the blowing away of millions of acres of topsoil
Part of the reason for the stock market crash was:
the buying of great amounts of stock on margin
The result in the presidential election of 1920 might be attributed to:
the fact that Americans in the 1920s were "tired of issues, sick at heart of ideals, and weary of being noble"
Of all the causes of the stock market crash of October 1929, the greatest culprit was:
the weak foundation of the 1920s economy
At the end of 1928, President-elect Herbert Hoover sought to demonstrate his activist bent by:
touring ten Latin American nations
What gave World War I its lasting character?
trench warfare
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were:
two Italian-born anarchists sentenced to death and executed even though there was doubt as to their guilt
Conservatives lambasted the Social Security Act as:
tyrannical
All of the following influenced the U.S. decision to enter the war against Germany EXCEPT:
unrestricted submarine warfare by the Germans
In the area of conservation, Theodore Roosevelt:
used the Forest Reserve Act to withdraw over 170 million acres of timberland from logging
Harold Ickes
was Interior secretary
William Jennings Bryan
was Wilson's first secretary of state
Robert Lansing
was Wilson's second secretary of state
John J. Pershing
was a Word War I general
The "Ohio gang":
was a group of President Harding's friends who were named to political office
President Wilson's response to the sinking of the Lusitania:
was a series of notes demanding that Germany stop such actions and pay reparations
The movement of southern blacks to the North:
was called the Great Migration
The conservative Democratic opposition to the New Deal in the late 1930s:
was heaviest in the South
The Universal Negro Improvement Association:
was led by Marcus Garvey
The Revenue Act of 1916:
was primarily to raise money to pay for war preparations
Al Smith
was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1928
James Weldon Johnson
was the NAACP field secretary
Theodore Roosevelt
was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
In the presidential election of 1912, William Howard Taft:
was the Republican candidate
Calvin Coolidge
was the Republican vice-presidential candidate in 1920
Eugene V. Debs
was the Socialist party presidential candidate
A. Mitchell Palmer
was the US attorney general that led the Red Scare
Marcus Garvey
was the leader of Negro nationalism
Charles E. Coughlin
was the radio priest
American troops landed in Russia in 1918:
when Russia signed a separate peace treaty with Germany
What made the dust storms worse than normal was the transition during the early twentieth century from:
widespread scattered subsistence farming to industrial agriculture
President Taft's domestic policies generated a storm of controversy:
within his own party
Herbert Hoover
wrote American Individualism
Lincoln Steffens
wrote the Shame of the Cities