History Final Exam
Which of the following is true of the role of women in politics in the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires?
Many emperors elevated the status of their wives and relatives, who then exerted power over affairs of state through advising the emperors
Aztecs
Mexico
In Mexico, the Spanish renamed the capital city Tenochtitlan as
Mexico City
Which of the following is true regarding the Confucian social hierarchy?
Military forces existed outside it and were considered a necessary evil
What nineteenth-century English thinker promoted individual freedom, universal suffrage, taxation of high personal income, and an extension of freedom and equality to women?
John Stuart Mill
When the Dutch founded Cape Town they encountered which indigenous groups?
Khoikhoi
The Congress of Vienna created a diplomatic order based on balance of power under the guidance of
Klemens von Metternich
In Peru, the Spanish moved the capital from Cuzco in the highlands to ______ on the coast.
Lima
Which of the following occurred in 2012 with respect to Central American migration?
Much higher numbers of migrants sought to travel to the United States, due to very dangerous internal conditions in their countries.
The Taíno came to the Caribbean from the valley of the ______ River in South America. Multiple choice question.
Orinoco
The nation that led the way in early European exploration was
Portugal
Which ruler made Vietnam, Burma, and Nepal tributary states of China?
Qianlong
Throughout their empire in the Americas, the Spanish spread a form of Christianity called
Roman Catholicism
Which of the following is true of the Roosevelt administration's attempts to combat the Great Depression?
Roosevelt sought to reduce the influence of unions so that potential employers could start businesses more easily with cheap labor.
Japan became a major imperial power after its victory in the
Russo-Japanese War
The individual who developed the theory of psychoanalysis was
Sigmund Freud
Which of the following is true of the increasing use of the Internet and smartphones throughout the world?
Social media has helped populations and social movements to reveal and raise awareness of human rights abuses.
The Treaty of Tordesillas
Split Central and South America between Spain and Portugal
Which of the following is true of the development of Palestine in the decades following the Great War and after World War II?
The British both ensured Jewish migration into Palestine after the Great War and limited that migration in order to protect Palestinian Arabs.
Which of the following is true?
The Spanish and Portuguese mixed with indigenous peoples of the Americas
Which of the following is true of the growth of Vietnamese nationalism and the events that led to U.S. involvement in the conflict?
The U.S. helped violate the terms of the Geneva Conference by ignoring elections and backing its own preferred leader, further stoking nationalist sentiment.
In which of the following ways did Russian businesspeople differ from their western European counterparts?
They did not challenge monarchy or rule by nobility in their country
How did the Mughals differ from the Ottomans and the Safavids on trade?
They sought less foreign trade in part because their controlled lands were so productive
Declining German birthrates led Nazi officials to force German women into the roles of wife and mother.
True
Industrialization refers to the process that transformed agrarian and handicraft-centered economies into economies distinguished by industry and machine manufacture
True
Slaves resisted in numerous ways: slow work, sabotage of equipment, running away, and slave revolts.
True
Strategic alliances by shrewd politicians played a key role in the unification of Italy
True
The League of Nations was fundamentally distrusted by many of its members because it had independent military power to enforce its decisions.
True
The founding of the Mughal Empire had much less direct connection to Islam than did the founding of the Ottoman and Safavid empires
True
The kingdoms of Rwanda and Bugunda largely escaped the effects of the slave trade due to both location and direct resistance
True
The western front stretched from the North Sea to Switzerland
True
Written constitutions were more difficult to frame in Latin America than in the United States mainly because Latin American leaders had less experience with government, and creole elites prevented mass participation in public affairs
True
Ibn Battuta was
a Moroccan legal scholar who traveled extensively and recorded his observations
The population of the Caribbean went from about 4 million in 1492 to _______ in the 1540s.
a few thousand
The term mestizo refers to
an individual of indigenous and European parentage
Which of the following best describes the early years of the Chinese republic after the revolution of 1911?
chaotic rule and economic disintegration under a host of regional rulers
Central to Renaissance thought was a
fascination with classic Greek and Roman art and philosophy
Travel through the Hudson Strait and Hudson Bay accelerated the ___________ trade in North America.
fur
The 1997 agreement at Kyoto was aimed at controlling which of the following threats to the world's environment?
global warming from the emission of greenhouse gasses
The phrase "Son of Heaven" refers to the
human designated by heavenly powers to maintain order on earth
Lin Zexu was
in charge of stopping the opium trade in China
In the long term, the Columbian exchange
increased world population because of the spread of new food crops
Marco Polo's stories
influenced other Europeans to visit China
In the end, Portugal was unable to maintain its early domination of trade because
it was a small country with a small population
The spread of Mongol control
laid the political foundation for a surge in long-distance trade
The most important American crop introduced into Africa in the sixteenth century was
manioc
Which of the following accounts for the beginning of the social reform movement in Russia in the nineteenth century?
military defeats
The Catholic church dramatically pushed the sale of indulgences in the sixteenth century because of the
need to raise funds for the construction of St. Peter's basilica
Which group was the ruling class of Portuguese and Spanish society in the Americas?
peninsulares
Which of the following was a strong component of Italian fascism under Mussolini prior to 1938?
political alliance with business and landlord interests
The British Calico Acts of 1720 and 1721
prohibited the importation of cotton cloth
Which of the following was an economic cause of the end of slavery?
rapid growth of Caribbean sugar cultivation
Far more abundant than gold and of much greater value, ________ was the focus of Spanish mining operations in the Americas.
silver
Which natural resource found in the Americas was most sought after by the Spanish?
silver
Henry Bessemer's innovations made it possible to produce cheaper
steel
What commodity was of primary importance to the economy of Portuguese Brazil?
sugar
The explosion of witch-hunting in the sixteenth century was heavily influenced by
tensions between Catholics and Protestants
Taíno
the Caribbean
Zheng He was
the Chinese admiral who made seven journeys of exploration
The first Europeans to reach the Americas made contact with Multiple choice question.
the Taíno in the Caribbean
Which of the following was NOT one of the main inspirations for European exploration?
the desire to conquer China and India
While the German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact was on the surface a nonaggression treaty, it had secret stipulations that spelled out
the division of eastern Europe.
The first recorded European sighting of the Australian continent occurred in
the early 1600s
The Portuguese began to show much more interest in Brazil after
the establishment of profitable sugar plantations
Beginning in the nineteenth century, industrializing lands experienced a social change known as the demographic transition, when
the fertility rate declined
Theodore Herzl was the founder of
the first Zionist Congress
One unsuspected consequence of China's one-child family policy was
the mystery of a half million "missing" female births every year.
Which of the following was among the recommendations in Wilson's Fourteen Points?
the removal of all economic barriers and trade restrictions among nations
What was the major reason for the British occupation of Egypt, and what was a major consequence of that occupation?
to protect their interests in the Suez Canal; the calling of the Berlin Conference
The Council of Trent
took steps to reform the Catholic church
Both the Suez Canal and Panama Canal facilitated the building and maintenance of empires by enabling naval vessels to travel rapidly between the world's oceans.
true
In the Americas the Spanish established ______ main center(s) of colonial administration.
two
Luxury goods of high value relative to their weight
usually traveled overland on the silk roads
As much as ninety-five percent of the condemned witches were
women
U.S. policies toward Latin America included
"dollar diplomacy" and the Good Neighbor Policy
Over the course of the entire period of trans-Atlantic slavery, the mortality rate for the Middle Passage was
25 percent
Criollos
American-born Spanish or Portuguese
Incas
Andes mountains
At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the nationalistic aspirations of subject minorities were most threatening to a state such as
Austria-Hungary
Hernán Cortes conquered the
Aztecs
The first female president of Sri Lanka was
Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga
The outbreak of the bubonic plague in the 14th century began in
China
The commentator in this illustration of the dandelion is also portraying a classical example of the two-directional functioning of the
Columbian Exchange
Among the leading proponents of conservatism in the eighteenth century was?
Edmund Burke
Muhammad Ali was the
Egyptian leader who overthrew Ottoman control
Peninsulares
European-born Spanish or Portuguese
German industrialization proceeded at a faster pace than did French and Belgian industrialization, because of German coal and iron production and extensive railroad building.
False
In slavery within African communities, slaves were kept strictly separate from kinship groups so that neither they nor their offspring could alter their social position
False
Sun Yatsen called for special privileges for foreigners, national reunification, economic development, and a democratic republican government based on universal suffrage.
False
The earliest and most successful imitators of the Japanese model for economic development were the "two little tigers," Hong Kong and Thailand.
False
Unlike in the Chinese Confucian system, Japanese society placed merchants near the top of their social ranking
False
Whereas the Spanish and Portuguese were the first to arrive in the New World, the ______ arrived soon after and founded colonies on the Atlantic coast of North America.
French, English, and Dutch
Which of the following correctly characterizes a sequence of events in the early stages of the war?
German conquest of France, Battle of Britain, German invasion of the Soviet Union
The Tripartite Pact brought together
Germany, Italy, and Japan
The early stages of industrial development in the United States depended in large part on investment capital from which of the following nations?
Great Britain
Sikhs created a syncretic combination of
Hinduism and Islam
Francisco Pizarro conquered the
Incas
In the nineteenth century, the majority of indentured laborers came from
India
A desire for the reassertion of Islamic values in the political and social sphere of Muslim countries was at the heart of
Islamism
Which of the following is true of the success of Carmen Miranda in the United States?
It pushed many Americans to develop a new but no less unrealistic stereotype for Latin Americans.
