history midterm
what was the battleship sent to Cuba to protect America sugar farmers' economic interests that mysteriously exploded
USS maine
What policy did Germany follow using submarines that the US was against?
Unrestricted submarine warfare
wrote the jungle that showed the disgusting practices of the meat-packing industry.
Upton Sinclair
believed Booker T Washington advocated blacks remaining in an inferior status to whites. this African American had a much more aggressive approach to achieving equality. he believed African Americans should demand civil rights immediately. he will go on to form the NAACP. he and the NAACP fought for social and political equality for African Americans.
WEB DuBois
who wanted to change the status quo - the way things are
WEB DuBois
one influential African American had a much more aggressive approach to achieving equality. he believed African Americans should demand civil rights immediately. he will go on to form the NAACP
WEB Dubois
these 3 amendments are also known as the "civil rights amendments"; freed slaves, citizenship, right to vote
13th, 14th, 15th amendment
What was the name for Wilson's plan for peace after WWI?
14 Points
What was the most important long term consequence of the Pendleton act of 1883?
A merit and tenure system for federal postions was instituted
Which best describes the intent of the granger laws in the 1800s?
To provide government regulation of railroad freight rates
Why did president Wilson create the federal reserve system in 1913?
To regulate the amount of money in circulation
What is the main purpose of the Clayton antitrust act?
To stop monopolies and restore competition
What is the name for the fighting from ditches during WWI?
Trench warfare
Which group of ideas were part of president Theodore Roosevelt's square deal?
Trust bustinf , conservation, and consumer protection
what was the message from germany, president Wilson told congress and Americans the US and was another reason for the us to join the war
Zimmerman telegram
even though the stock market and economy seemed strong, it was ______ prosperity. this appeared strength was not an accurate reflection of a healthy economy
false
scopes trial highlighted the struggle between traditional and modern values in the country. women in the 1920's called _______ also show this with shows the changing fashion and the new, modern roles for women
flappers
what policy means dealing with other countries
foreign
Woodrow Wilson's progressive platform, the new ____________, included lowering tariffs, antitrust legislation, and banking reform
freedom
imperialism was partially inspired through manifest destiny (it was America's right to expand) and Frederick Jackson Turner's __________ thesis (stating Americans need to expand - its part of our culture)
frontier
unfortunately, the treaty of versailles mainly wanted to punish ____________ (and Russia too)
germany
what is the time period in US History in the late 1800s where life seemed to be perfect and prosperous but was actually poor, sad, unsanitary, and corrupt
gilded age
what is the time period in US history in the late 1800's where life seemed to be perfect and prosperous but was actually poor, sad, unsanitary, and corrupt
gilded age
are exports/imports good or bad for the country
good
what was Carnegie's writing that called for rich people to use their affluence (wealth) to give most of their money to chairty
gospel of wealth
in the us, imperialism was supported by the idea of manifest destiny, allowing the US to add military bases, and gain more resources and areas in which to trade - this was whose justification in favor or imperialism
governments
the "separate but equal" ruling allowed for Jim Crow laws to be passed in the south. there were also black voting restrictions like the ________ test and _______ tax
literacy; poll
what caused a geographic divide between socioeconomic groups (the rich/suburbs, and the poor/inner cities)
mass transportation
muckrakers made the public see the problems of society, such as _____ - packing and tenement living.
meat
what 2 laws were causes by the publication of The Jungle
meat inspection act, pure food and drug act
nativists felt US should be a __________ pot where immigrants assimilate - a very few immigrants did blend
melting
list the 4 MAIN causes of WWI.
militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism
the US attorney general under President Harding worked to prove un-American attitudes harmed our country. he tried to fight the red scare by trampling the civil rights of suspected radicals. his raids led to deportation.
mitchell palmer
the FRS gave the federal government (more or less) control over the money supply
more
the FRS gave the federal government _______ control over the money supply
more
during the progressive era, the federal government also changed and became _______ supportive of the goals of labor unions. one example was when Teddy Roosevelt forced an end to the 1902 ______ strike that favored the workers
more; coal
who tried to expose industrialists used of child bar and the poor work conditions they were forced to endure
muckrakers
who were the reporters/media who exposed the problems in society that need to be addressed
muckrakers
the red scare, along with the execution of Sacco and Vanzetti, shown the strong revival of ____________ (anti-immigrant feelings) during the 1920s
nativism
what is a term used to describe people who dislike immigrants because they took jobs and did not blend - did not like the different culture immigrants brought
nativists
harding believed in a return to _______. his election and his promise of normalcy showed Americans were tired of conflict and progressivism and wanted to go back to the simpler times before WWI
normalcy
many African Americans believed it was God's plan for them to move ________ and have this better life (a "promised land")
north
along with women, minorities also helped the war effort. many African Americans moved ________ to take _________ jobs as part of the __________________ (also allowed African Americans to get out of the south)
north; factory; great migration
many examples (18th amendment, flapper,KKK, scopes trial) all show the struggle between ________ and _______ ideas
traditional; modern
what was the type of warfare fought on the western front, marked by digging a series of ditches for protection from the enemy, causing lots of death and causing the war to last longer
trench warfare
to make the most money possible, business owners established monopolies and ____
trusts
to make the most money possible, business owners established monopolies and __________ (where businesses would give control to their company over to one bigger company)
trusts
what was Germany's method of war in the Atlantic Ocean that consisted of sinking all enemy boats (like the Lusitania) and was a major cause the us joined the war
unrestricted submarine warfare
people will continue to move to _________ areas during the 1920's
urban
what means city
urban
what treaty of __________ ended WWI and it was a _______ treaty in its basic demands
versailles; bad
Americans were encouraged to conserve and sacrifice the war effort (ex. grow their own "_____________" gardens are home and _________ Mondays - gov is encouraging the people to ration)
victory; meatless
what act defined what was alcohol and the punishment for having alcohol
volstead
women would argue that the us claimed the central powers did not allow their people to be self-governed, yet American women were not self-governed because they couldn't ______
vote
which two problems causes workers to form labor unions to complain in groups about conditions forced them
wages/pay and hours
there is also some social darwinism ideas here - that Americans are better suited to take over. (the us justified this by saying we are obligated to "help" these _________ nations
weaker
time period after the Civil War when Americans will move west. there will be gold miners, cattle ranchers for a short time, and farmers. the railroads will bring them out in large numbers. we will encounter Native Americans who were using the land. the farmers will face adversity as banks and railroads will take advantage of them. in response, they will form the Grange, Farmer's Alliance, and Populist party
western expansion
two changes that populists wanted that would happen later would be
1. the direct election of senators/ 17th amendment 2. farmers wanted a graduated income tax/ 16th amendment
what is the name of the immigration processing center on the East Coast - near Statue of Liberty
Ellis Island
which socialist man was president of the radical American Railway Union and was arrested in the Pullman Strike? he eventually ran for president unsuccessfully four times, was arrested for violating the Espionage and Sedition Act during WW1, and eventually joined the industrial workers of the world
Eugene Debs
which socialist man was president of the radical American railway union and was arrested in the pullman strike? he eventually ran for president unsuccessfully four times, was arrested for violating the espionage and sedition act during WWI, and eventually joined the industrial workers of the world (IWW)
Eugene debs
the immigrant center on the west coast where more asian immigrants checked in is
angel island
the immigration center on the west coast where more asian immigrants checked in is
angel island
two examples of muckrakers
1. ida Tarbell wrote the History of Standard Oil Company describing Rockefeller's cutthroat practices and policies 2. Upton Sinclair wrote the jungle that showed the disgusting practices of the meat-packing industry.
these 3 amendments are known as the "Civil Rights Amendments". Freed slaves, citizenship, and right to vote
13, 14, and 15
Wilsons plan was to try to set up a lasting peace in the world. what was the speech Woodrow Wilson gave outlining his plan for peace to end WWI?
14 points
called for equal protection under the law
14th amendment
called for equal protection under the law (what homer Plessy tried to use)
14th amendment
the government ran the war effort at home through a huge public relations campaign. the government raised money by setting up a federal income tax (_____ amendment), selling war/liberty bonds with the help of ________ posters, minority and women's efforts, and using the federal reserve system
16; propaganda
set up graduated federal income tax
16th amendment
set up graduated federal income tax (farmers/populist wanted it, progressives achieved it)
16th amendment
which amendment set up direct election of senators
17th
called for the direct election of US Senators
17th amendment
called for the direct election of us senators (expanding democracy by allowing people to vote)
17th amendment
the 19th century actually means the __00's
18
immigration time period
1877-1900
when was the westward expansion
1877-1900
industrialization time period
1877-1914
urbanization time period
1877-1914
progressivism time period
1890-1920
imperialism time period
1890-{1898}-1920
What amendment did the Temperance Movement get added to the Constitution?
18th
which amendment called for the prohibition of alcohol
18th
banned the purchase, sale and transportation of alcohol
18th amendment
banned the purchase, sale, and transportation of alcohol
18th amendment
20th century actually means the __00's
19
WW1 time period
1914-1918
roaring 20s
1920-1929
Which amendment prevents an individual from being denied the right to vote based on gender?
19th
gave women the right to vote
19th amendment
gave women the right to vote (women protested/petitioned gov't to get it)
19th amendment
freedom of speech
1st amendment
repealed prohibition
21st amendment
repealed prohibition of alcohol
21st amendment
who was the attorney general under president warren harding who worked to prove un-americans attitude harmed our country
A. Mitchell Palmer
What did the 18th amendment make illegal in 1919?
Alcohol
Who invented the telephone?
Alexander G. Bell
Who was assassinated at the beginning of WII in Europe?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
what man stressed that African Americans be trained for skilled manual labor
B.T. washington
What was the name for Teddy Roosevelt's foreign policy?
Big Stick
this man (once a slave) gave the Atlanta compromise speech and called for African Americans to find jobs/work and fit into America and started the Tuskegee institute in Alabama to help African Americans learn a trade
Booker T Washington
(once a slave) gave the Atlanta Compromise speech and called for African Americans to find jobs/work and fit into America and started the Tuskegee institute in Alabama to help African Americans learn a trade. he favored a gradual approach to civil rights - wanted to focus inward/self-improvement. white America and Washington DC favored this gradual approach
Booker T. Washington
who favored a gradual approach to civil rights - WANTED TO FOCUS INWARD/SELF IMPROVEMENT. white America and Washington DC favored this gradual approach (they did not want an turbulent shift)
Booker T. Washington
What form of government did USSR adopt during WWI?
Communist
What was the major result of the Pendleton act of 1883?
Corruption was limited by requiring exams for federal jobs.
Why didn't the Senate ratify the Treaty of Versailles?
Didn't want to join the League of Nations and lose power to make foreign policy decisions (Article X)
During the gilded age the presidents of the united states generally fulfilled which role?
Dispenser of patronage of party loyalists
What was the name for Taft's foreign policy?
Dollar Diplomacy
who wrote the Great Gatsby and often about the STRUGGLES OF PEOPLE ADJUSTING AFTER WWI (AND LED TO DISILLUSION IN THE 1920'S. he and others referred to themselves as the lost generation
F Scott Fitzgerald
What country was forced to pay reparations after WWI?
Germany (33 billion)
these same factors contributed to the ___________ of 1930's. Americans during the 1920's were not frugal with their money
Great Depression
What was the name for the mass movement of African Americans north during WWI because of increased job opportunities in the North?
Great Migration
what was the black literacy and artisitc movement that advanced black culture of the 1920's called
Harlem renaissance
what event eventually led to the downfall of the Knights of Labor union bc of the violence
Haymarket Square Riot
Why did Charles j guiteau assassinate president Garfield?
He wanted political patronage
Why president Arthur support the Pendleton civil service act?
He was responding to president Garfield assassination
which senator most strongly disagreed with Wilson and the League of Nations
Henry cabot lodge
Which legislative act had the greatest impact in encouraging Americans to move west after its passage in 1862?
Homestead act
What is unique about the 18th amendment to the constitution?
It is the only amendment in america history to be repealed.
Who was the president of united states during the gold rush era?
James Polk 1849
What person was the leader of a US group sent to find Pancho Villa in Mexico before WII and also the leader of American troops during WWI?
John J. Pershing
What did Wilson insist be a part of the Treaty of Versailles in order to prevent future wars?
League of Nations
What was the name for Wilson's foreign policy?
Moral Diplomacy or Missionary Diplomacy
Why was the majority of the free land offered by the homestead act not claimed by settlers?
Most of the land was taken by people seeking profits
What was the intended result of the Dawes severalty act of 1887?
Natiive Americans would leave reservations to farm and assimilate into american culture
which 1896 us supreme court case found that segregation was constitutional (okay) which set African Americans back to a state as second-class citizens in the south
Plessy v Ferguson
Which supreme court case supported the legality of Jim Crow Laws?
Plessy vs Ferguson
the Spanish American war added new territories like Guam, ____________ and the Philippines
Puerto Rico
In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, what was the supreme court's ruling?
Racial segregation is constitutional
what statement by Theodore Roosevelt increased US involvement in foreign affairs in Latin America by making the US a sort of international police force?
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
what Supreme Court case tried unsuccessfully to challenge the sedition acts
Schenck vs the US
what Supreme Court case tried unsuccessfully to challenge the sedition acts
Scheneck vs the US
What court case ruled that free speech could be limited in times of war because of the "clear and present danger test?"
Schneck v. US
What was the name for the system set up to draft men for the military in WWI?
Selective Service
What was the main way the US paid for WWI?
Selling war bonds
What happened to the speed of shipping and cost of shipping because of the Panama Canal?
Speed increased and shipping costs were lowered
What was the name for Teddy Roosevelt's domestic program?
Square Deal
What woman was a major worker in the suffrage movement during this time?
Susan B. Anthony
the sherman antirust act tried to break up trust - will be successfully used by ______________ during the progressive era
Teddy Roosevelt
What was the main purpose of the Sherman antitrust act of 1890?
To prevent companies from forming monopolies to control prices
The Chinese exclusion act of 1882 was passed in repsone to a perceived problem most closely associated with which event ?
The construction of the transcontinental railroad
Theodore Roosevelt disagreed with the progressives on certain economic issues. With which progressive reform idea would he mostly likely disagree?
The desire to abolish all monopolies rather than regulate them for the public good
Which most contributed to the destruction of the plain Indians way of life in the 1800s?
The over hunting of the Buffalo by american settlers
What settled the issue of women's suffrage in the united states?
The passage of the 19th amendment giving women the right to vote in all local, state, and national elections
Which best explains the rationale behind the Chinese exclusion act of 1882?
There was a perceived threat of competition from foreign laborers for american jobs.
Which generalization about court decisions in the late nineteenth century is correct?
They limited state regulations of big business
Which best describes the actions of plains Indians in the last three decades of the 19th century?
They often fiercely resisted white settlement
Who invented the electric light bulb and also started a company to sell electricity to homes and businesses?
Thomas Edison
What was the purpose of the Pendleton act?
To create a fairer method for hiring people in government jobs.
What was the government's main motivation in passing the homestead act?
To encourage people to settle and farm western lands
Why was the reservation system institute on the great plains?
To make it possible for white settler to acquire land on the great plains
started with the assassination of Archduke Franz-Ferdinannd. European countries took sides. the US at first remained neutral, but was drawn into the war thanks to unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Note. the US overcame the trench warfare and won the war for the Allies. the Treaty of Versailles ended the war, although America never signed
WW1/Great War
supports of the prohibition of alcohol, like Billy Sunday, carry nation, and the WCTU believed alcohol led to _________ at home. one major effect of prohibition was the rise in _____________ to bootleg alcohol and disrespect for the law as prohibition become more and more unpopular
abuse; organized crime
the us felt all countries should have equal _________________ to china
access/trade rights
Henry Ford revolutionized the automobile industry and America as a whole by making the car quickly and affordable through mass production using what new production method
assembly line
the dawes act attempted to _________ (make them adopt the white culture) native Americans to become farmers like white settlers and stop roaming around hunting buffalo.
assimilate
cheypsteel was produced through the
bessemer process
women helped the war effort by selling war ___________ and working in factories, which eventually led to the passage of the ________ amendment
bonds; 19
some believed ____________ advocated blacks remaining in an inferior status to white
booker t Washington
the us acquired access to build the Panama Canal by helping Panama _________ from Colombia. (Colombia wanted too much money and the US president TR was having none of it)
broke away
this animal provided most of the food and many supplies for plains indians
buffalo
monopolists would say they are ___ ___ ___ not robber Barons
captains of industry
the child labor used by big business was another problem progressive fought against in industrial America. why would big businesses hire child labor anyway?
cheap labor
one group particularly exploited by industrialists was
children
one group particulary exploited by industrialists was ____________________ (easy to control and you could pay them less)
children/immigrants
what nationality (people from what country) were the first to be excluded (not allowed to come into) from the us
chinese
what law regulated big business more effectively than Sherman Antitrust Act
clayton antitrust act
TR exercised the Roosevelt corollary when the US helped Panama break away from _________ in Latin America so the US/Teddy could build the Panama Canal
colomiba
concerned that urbanization was destroying natural resources and polluting the environment, Teddy Roosevelt will set aside land for national parks and monuments. so the federal government responds to environmental problems by passing laws to regulate industry and creating parks
conservation
concerned the urbanization was destroying natural resources and polluting the environment, Teddy Roosevelt will SET ASIDE LAND FOR NATIONAL PARKS and monuments. so the federal government responds to environment problems by passing laws to regulate industry and creating parks. (TR wanted the government to protect the nation's natural resources
conservation
the additions of territories after the Spanish American war will spark a debate as to what rights the people in these territories should have. ANTI-IMPERALISTS would argue our expansion violates the _________, makes us bullies, and would say we have bigger social problems at _______ we need to solve first
constitution; home
laws were passed to help Americans know what they were buying, pure food and drug act, truth in labeling laws, & the meat inspection act
consumer protection
laws were passed to help Americans known what they were buying, pure food and drug act, truth in labeling laws, the meat inspection act
consumer protection
the federal government will increase its power to regulate industry
corporate control
the federal government will increase its power to regulate industry (ex. forcing business to turn over into government agencies)
corporate control
what were the "three C's" of Teddy Roosevelt's square deal
corporate control, consumer protection, and conservation
buying items with _____ and stocks on ______ caused both an economic boom during the 1920's as well as a great sense of perceived wealth (stock market was booming.
credit; margin
what was the name of William Jennings Bryan's famous speech calling for bimetallism) against the gold standard
cross of gold
industrialists made children/immigrants work in ______________ work conditions
dangerous
what act gave land to the head of a Native American household
dawes act
segregation by tradition/custom/practice is called ___ ___ segregation
de facto
segregation by tradition/custom/practice is called
de facto segregation
segregation by law is called
de jure segregation
in farms, the new equipment (steel plow/reaper) actually created an over-production (abundance) of crops which lowered the price of their crops and put farmers in _____
debt
"make the world safe for ____"
democracy
in a speech declaring war on germany, president Wilson told congress and Americans that the US should join the "Great War" to defeat the enemy so we can "make the world safe for __________"
democracy
A. Mitchell Palmers raids led to the __________ of many immigrants.
deportation
Taft's policy was known as
dollar diplomacy
what policy means dealings inside the us
domestic
majority of all immigrants came from southern and _________ europe; those immigrants entered the country in staten/ellis island
eastern
issues dealing with money (monetary policy)
economic
the invention of the ____________ will allow skyscrapers to house people and allow cities to grow upward
elevator
W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP fought for social and political ________ for African Americans
equality
yellow journalism is an ___________ style of writing that tried to get public support for the war against Spain to free Cuba
exaggerated
products going out of the country
exports
presidents _______ and ________ were very pro-business and promoted industrial growth. they also scaled back government control of business
harding; coolidge
what event eventually led to the downfall of the knights of labor union because of violence (the public was concerned these union members were violent extremists
haymarket square riot
which senator most strongly disagreed with Wilson and the league
henry cabot lodge
_____________ tariffs were put in place by the us government during the 20's to protect American business from foreign competition
high/protective
this act gave white settlers 160 acres of land out west to live and farm, encouraging them to settle the plains
homestead act
wrote the history of the standard oil company describing Rockefeller's cutthroat practices and places
ida Tarbell
labor unions was upset that _______________ took jobs away from Americans because they were willing to work for low wages and in poor conditions
immigrants
remember that nativism is hypocritical because the nativists ancestors were former __________ themselves
immigrants
foreigners will come to the US from all over. they will settle in the cities to find housing, factory jobs, and live with people of similar backgrounds. america appeared to be a land of wealth and opportunity, but was actually land of terrible living and work conditions, political corruptions, and nativist attitudes. political Machines were corrupt and industrialists like Carnegie and Rockefeller dominated the country and the government
immigration
what is the policy of a country wanting to expand its borders and influence? it was a desire for new colonies
imperialism
the us will expand its influence all over the world. we will increase our navy, buy Alaska, annex Hawaii, and issue the open door notes in china. we will defeat Spain in the Spanish-American war. this will free Cuba and the use will take over the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam. us presidents Theodore Roosevelt Corollary as part of his big stick diplomacy. taft will use dollar diplomacy and Wilson missionary diplomacy in the region
imperialism/Spanish American war/empire building
policy of a county wanting to expand its borders and influence
imperialism/empire
products entering the country
imports
muckrakers were the voice of the progressive era and changed public opinion to pass social reform laws/_______
improvement
industralization: eventually, the federal government will respond and crack down on (______________ regulation of) monopolies and trust
increase
an abundance of natural resource, an influx of immigrant labor, important new inventions to help people live in cities, and the governments lack of concern all led to what important "age" in American
industrial
the government raising tariffs helped the federal government with what
industrial growth
what is a laissez-farce government mean
industries were in charge, not the government
big business/monopolies opposed bimetallism because they feared _____________ (more money and higher prices) would hurt the economy
inflation
the common people gained more power in VOTING during the progressive era. the people could propose laws (__________), vote to put a law in effect (_________), or remove an unpopular elected official before his term ends (recall)
initiative; referendum
combine races/put together
integrate
how did the dawes act hurt native Americans
it forced them to give up their way of life
why did the US Republican led senate choose NOT TO RATIFY the treaty and not join the league or nations?
it threatened US independence/sovereignty/war-making powers
what woman worked in the settlement house movement at Hull House
jane addams
social gospel movement: leaders like ______________, preached salvation (christians believed they were called to help) through service to the poor and established _________ houses (like the hull house) to provide service
jane addams; settlement
immigrants were drawn to area in need of ____________/industrial workers. that would lead to the _______________/urbanization era
laborers; industrialization
the us government returned to a _________ approach and did not interfere with business. (harding and Coolidge were very pro-business as the government REDUCED REGULATION OF BUSINESS)
laissez-faire
what type of attitude did the us government have that allowed big businesses and monopolies to grow out of control in america
laissez-faire
to encourage the movement to the west, the government gave huge __________ grants to the railroads, which eventually built the __________________ railroad linking the country
land; transcontinental
president taft was more interested in using monetary issues and using the American government to guarantee loans made by American businesses struggling ________ American nations
latin
president Teddy Roosevelt said the US would use force (Big Stick - navy) to protect its economic interest and influence _______ American. this was also known as the ______________
latin; roosevelt corollary
what was Wilson's final point calling for a world organization to promote world peace and end future conflicts
league of nations
what were the Jim Crow laws
legalized segregation between blacks and whites
the ________________ policy opened commerce and ensured free trade in China
open door
because of the new territories added during the Spanish American war, the us was encouraged to build the _____________. it was built to access these areas and their markets. it ensured faster movement, more importantly, it cut travel time from the Atlantic to the Pacific for __________ defense and economic ________
panama canal; military; trade
the law that attempted to reform civil service appointment by requiring applicants to pass an exam. this attempt was to get rid of the spoils system.
pendelton civil service act
only one law, the ______________ civil service act, attempted to reform civil service appointment by requiring applicants to pass an exam.
pendleton
populists wanted the direct election of senators bc it made it more democratic by allowing the _________ to elect their senators, instead of other politicians
people
populists wanted to take power away from big businesses and the government and return it to common __________
people
what is the gospel of wealth also known as
philanthropy
dealing with laws
political and legislative
the leaders of the political machines groups were called ________. (boss tweed ran New York City's tammany hall - political machine)
political bosses
the leaders of these groups were called ____ ____
political bosses
what were the political groups that dominated late 19th century politics in the cities
political machines
mass transportation (like streetcars and trolleys) allowed the ____________ to move out of the cities to the surrounding suburbs
population
what was the political movement (grange and farmers' alliance also helped) that would eventually become a political part to help farmers
populists
what means after
post
what means before
pre
these changed the populists wanted come into law during the ______________ era
progressive
world war I effectively end what two pervious time periods
progressive and imperialism
time period that will attempt to reverse the negative effects of immigration/urbanization. the government and society will try to end social injustices and help out the common man. government will pass consumer protection laws, regulate banking, improve work conditions, and break up harmful trusts/monopolies. the people will form groups like the YMCA and Salvation Army to help the less fortunate. 16th and 17th amendments are added here.
progressive era
what was the political movement led by urban reformers who sought to make government work to improve the lives of all citizens, more efficient, and fair? ___________. It tried to ________ society
progressives; improve
many laws in America were passed due to the nativist attitudes to prevent the influx of immigrants into the country. two of those laws were emergency __________ act and the national ___________ act
quota; origins
what kind of transportation was most important to industrialization in the late 1800's
railroads
they fought unsuccessfully for the free unlimited coinage of silver to ________ crop prices, lower tariffs, and government regulation of railroads
raise
in fact, the us government would __________ tariffs to protect _________ businesses from _____________ competition
raise, american, foreign
what was the fear that communism was spreading throughout the US during the 1920's known as
red scare
what was the fear that communism was spreading throughout the US during the 20s
red scare
means to change.
reform
a _______ is someone who wants to change the old/current ways
reformer
the court upheld the sedition act and ruled that national security was more important that freedom of speech (1st amendment) during war and stated free speech can be _________ if that speech creates a __________________ during times of war. THIS RULING, ALONG WITH THE SEDITION ACT ITSELF, LIMITED/HURT DEMOCRACY IN FAVOR OR SAFETY
regulated; clear and present danger
one independent agency Wilson created to regulate monetary policy in America was the federal __________ system.
reserve
these low wages and work conditions led to strikes by labor unions. many of these were UNSUCCESSFUL because _________ broke out and the ______________ continued to support the side of MANAGEMENT/BUSINESS (examples would include the pullman and homestead strikes) by sending the law enforcement to break up the workers strikes
riots; government
time after WW1 when America will experience an economic boom. Americans will return home and want to take advantage of new technology. african american art and literature will peak during the Harlem Renaissance. flappers will be the independent women of the new times. this Jazz Age did have problems as well. struggles will include the Red Scare, prohibition, the Scopes Monkey Trial, and decline in labor unions
roaring 20s
what negative nickname did industrialists receive for their cutthroat practices and low wages
robber barons
what negative nickname did industrialists receive for their cutthroat practices and low wages? monopolists would disagree, claiming they are move efficient, provide jobs/cheap products, and do a lot of good with their fortunes. monopolists would say they are ____________________ not robber barons
robber barons; captains of industry
laissez-faire government allowed businesses to flourish with very few ____________ to limit them (similar to what the government did in the 1920's also)
rules/laws
what means out in the country
rural
even though farmers are in America, they too will move from ______ areas to the cities because of a DROP IN FARM PRICES and a lack of agricultural ________, thanks to new equipment doing more of the work
rural; jobs
what trial pitted science (evolution) versus religion (fundamental) and their roles in public schools/academics
scopes trial
railroads allowed for news and companies, like _______ catalog, to unite the country. railroads were extremely important in helping the economy grow
sears
to separate races
segregate
Wilson formed the committee on public information (led by George Creel) to gain public support from supporting the war TO ACTUALLY JOINING THE WAR WITH THE _____________________. the gov used propaganda (flyers and posters) to get people to support the war, buy war bonds, and conserve meats, fats, and sugars
selective service act
Plessy v. Ferguson established a "_______ but _______" doctrine
separate but equal
___________ making it illegal to form trusts that interfered with free trade
sherman anti-act trust
the only attempt government made to regulate big business was when congress passed the __________________ making it illegal to form trust that interfered with free trade.
sherman antitrust act
the problem of trust wielding too much power led the federal government to pass legislation to break up and prevent monopolies. the _________ and ___________ anti-trust acts helped end unfair business practices and limited the power of big business. these laws show a shift away from laissez-faire as the government steps in for the public good
sherman; clayton
dealing with groups or fundamental issues
social
these monopolists felt government should not help out the small business, the poor, or the unskilled - laissez faire. it justified horrible treatment of the workers (like sweatshops) and their poor pay, saying it was okay
social darwinism
what is the term used to describe the belief that the industrialists of the late 1800's had superior business techniques and should flourish, while less successful business should die out?
social darwinism
one group that tried to help immigrants/poor and fight the problems of industrialization/urbanization was the _____________
social gospel movement
the Pendleton civil serivce act attempted to get rid of the patronage/___________ system that was in place where appointments went to unqualified and often corrupt supporters of a politician
spoils
what is the name of the immigration processing center on the east coast - near Statue of Liberty
staten/ellis island
us government provided railroads __________ to build out west
subsidies (government money/assistance)
which president wants to be sure we are the only country helping latin America economically, that European countries aren't trying to "buy their way in" to the western hemisphere
taft
what was Taft's policy known as
the dollar diplomacy
what book was no real fiction but led to public outrage, legislation, and change in food conditions
the jungle by Upton Sinclair
Why were industrialists against Progressive reforms?
the reforms cost money which cut into their profits
what is a graduated income tax
the wealthy people would pay a higher percentage in taxes
social darwinism would say, "if workers took initiative and ___ harder, then they would make more money and be treated better"
worked
supporters of social darwinism would say, "if workers took initiative and ____________ harder, then they would make more money and be treated better"
worked
as a result of the Spanish American war, the US emerged was a __________ power
world
which battle was the "last battle" between the army and the native Americans before the native Americans began to peacefully surrender and go to reservations
wounded knee
USS maine was a major cause of the Spanish American war as ____________________ quickly blamed Spain
yellow journalism