History multiple choice questions

Which of the following demonstrated the diplomatic communications took place between the rulers of Egypt, The Babylonians, and the Hittites Inscription in Babylonian Tombs A cache of 300 letters found near Amarna in Egypt Hittite epic Poetry Reports from Merchants who traded between States

A cache of 300 letters found near Amarna in Egypt

What characterized the Code of Hammurabi The role of the priestly class to represent divine order Equal Punishment for all social classes The role of the King as the Kind but firm father figure A clear relationship between crimes and the severity of punishments

A clear relationship between crimes and the severity of punishments

Why did the Vikings fail spectacularly when they attacked Constantinople? The city was landlocked, so the Viking had to leave their ships A defended wall and Greek fire Their supply lines ran out The slaves that were on their ships joined Constantinople

A defended wall and Greek fire

What was a major consequence of the agricultural revolution? A large increase in human population Greater diversity of plants and animals A wider variety of foods for humans The extinction of hunter-gatherer societies

A large increase in human population

Shang astrologers developed _______ which helped farmers better track the growing season A lunar calendar Stone plows A solar calendar satellites

A lunar calendar

What was Egypt said to have been the most river- focused of the early cultures? Egyption religion focuses exclusively on the role of the Nile in sustaining life Egypt had no fertile hinterland, since settlement was limited to the narrow Nile flood plain Egypt had many internal divisions as the Nile River created multiple isolated geographical regions Egypt relied heavily on its strong navy to conquer territory along the Nile

Egypt had no fertile hinterland, since settlement was limited to the narrow Nile flood plain

The so-called barbarian invasions of the Roman Empire in the late fourth and fifth centuries CE were, un actually: A massive slave revolt in the provinces destroyed the empire A more violent continuation of military recruits from the provinces pouring into the empire A consolidation of power among non- Roman tribes under kings who could coordinate widespread attacks against Roman troops An armed insurrection against Christian missionaries who tried to force the conversion of pagan people to Christianity

A more violent continuation of military recruits from the provinces pouring into the empire

________ is a group of states or different ethnic groups brought together under a single sovereign power Republic City-state Empire Territorial states

Empire

In what way did Chinese philosophy change under the rule of Emperor Wu? A new view of Daoism advocated looking to natural omens to direct state policy A new view of Confucianism turned Confucius into a lawgiver and uncrowned monarch A new view of Legalism justified the role of the ruler in deciding and implementing law and morality A new view of Confucianism emphasized the authority of the ruler to set unbending moral law for all his subjects

A new view of Confucianism turned Confucius into a lawgiver and uncrowned monarch

Which of the following was an aspect of the Shang rule that Zhou adopted in China A patrimonial state centered on ancestor worship A direct control of peripheral states through appointed governors A state in which the rulers came to power through the designation of oracles Queens held complementary power with Kings

A patrimonial state centered on ancestor worship

In Mahayana Buddhism, what were the enlightened demigods who helped individuals obtain nirvana, called? Kushans Amithabas Bodhisattvas Asvaghosha

Bodhisattvas

Which of the following typifies Mesopotamian urban design? House showing little distinction between social classes King's palace at city center, representing permanent secular, military, and administrative authority A ziggurat at city center, with neighborhoods making different occupational specialties on both sides of a central canal A strong defensive wall encircling the entire population

A ziggurat at city center, with neighborhoods making different occupational specialties on both sides of a central canal

Which of the following best explains the relative lack of communication between the people of the Americans and Afro-Eurasia after around 12,500 BCE? c B. The people of these two regions pursued fundamentally different strategies for finding food, so they had little desire for communication C. A new Ice Age created massive impassable glaciers separating the Americas from Afro- Eurasia D. The Peoples of Afro- Eurasia refused to adapt to changing environments

A. Melting glaciers covered the land bridge between East Asia and the Americas with water, physically separating the continents

Which of the following identifies a political accommodation (settlement/acceptance of) that followed the sudden death of Alexander The Great The opportunities for women to exercise power diminished as the male warrior ethos of Macedonia prevailed His son took over the army immediately and continued to expand the borders of the empire Alexander's generals carved out regional kingdoms modeled on those of the rulers the generals had defeated His Wife Roxana assumed rule of Alexander's empire for ten years until his son came of age

Alexander's generals carved out regional kingdoms modeled on those of the rulers the generals had defeated

Which Hellenistic city was considered the exemplary model of a cosmopolitan center with a multiethnic population of half a million? Syracuse, Sicily Alexandria, Egypt Carthage, North Africa Athens, Greece

Alexandria, Egypt

Which of the following accurately compares Greek philosophers, such as Socrates, and other axial age thinkers, such as Confucius and the Buddha? All stressed the importance of honor and integrity over wealth and power. All believed that ideas were perfect models of abstract concepts that were imperfectly copied in the real world. All described a vision of a perfect city ruled by philosopher-kings. All believed that true freedom of mind only came after ascetic renunciation of the flesh.

All stressed the importance of honor and integrity over wealth and power.

Who, according to the Shi'a should succeed the Prophet? Individuals with impeccable religious credentials The four rightly guided caliphs and then the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties The direct descendants of Muhammad's sons All, the son-in-law of Muhammad, and Ali's descendants

All, the son-in-law of Muhammad, and Ali's descendants

In the first few centuries BCE, which of the following best describes the reaction of Carthage to the Spread of the Hellenistic Culture? Carthage adopted Hellenism only after bitter struggles with a priestly class that saw its position threatened. Carthage rejected Hellenism as a foreign influence that undermined the authority of local elites Carthage rejected Hellenistic economic culture and focused its attention on domestic trade routes in Africa Carthage Adopted Hellenistic culture on economic grounds, as it facilitated communication and exchange.

Carthage Adopted Hellenistic culture on economic grounds, as it facilitated communication and exchange.

Under the Tang dynasty, the civil examination system... Allowed commoners from southern China to outperform the aristocratic families of northern China Was eliminated because it allowed government officials to gain authority independently of the imperial family Increased the influence of Buddhism, because the people being tested had to study it Demonstrated to the poor the futility of seeking education since they had no chance of obtaining power without it

Allowed commoners from southern China to outperform the aristocratic families of northern China

Petra and Palmyra were examples of ________, or commercial hubs established at oases in the desert and the start or end of trade routes. Merchants would gather in groups at these locations before setting out on their arduous journeys. Bazaars Desert Ports Market Towns Caravan Cities

Caravan Cities

Into what kind of polities ( political entities or states) did the eastern Bantu organize themselves? Theocracy run by the priestly class Loose confederations of small city-states Centralized polities ruled by divine-right kings Oligarchies run by different regions merchant class

Centralized polities ruled by divine-right kings

Around 1500 BCE a group of nomadic people calling themselves______ (respected ones) emerged from their homelands in the steppes of Inner Asia to Settle In the Indus River Valley Brahmins Hindus Indians Aryans

Aryans

Which of the following is true about slaves in Assyria? Foreigners enslaved through war were granted rights of marriage and the ability to work for wages. Foreigners forcibly relocated were enslaved in their new locations Assyrians who were enslaved for no paying their debts were still permitted to marry free partners and engage in financial transactions Assyrian peasants were in fact enslaved to large landowners

Assyrians who were enslaved for no paying their debts were still permitted to marry free partners and engage in financial transactions

According to the Upanishad what was the eternal being that existed in all people and creatures? Varna Rig veda Brahma Atmen

Atmen

On which Continent did Homo Sapiens, or modern humans, originate? A. Asia B. Africa C. Australia D. The Americas

B. Africa

24. Which of the following accurately describes an effect of the dissemination of agricultural crops and techniques from Southwest Asia to Europe? A. The similarities in the climates made adaptation of Southwest Asian crops easy throughout Europe B. The first European domesticated crops included Southwest Asian crops-- wheat and barley C. Long periods of time were required to adapt Southwest Asian crops to southern European climates D. The first European domesticated crops included Southwest Asian crops-- maize and potatoes

B. The first European domesticated crops included Southwest Asian crops-- wheat and barley

Which of the following describes an effect of the Bactrian Kingdom or Eurasian Culture Bactria abandoned Persian religions as its rulers adopted Hellenistic influences Bactria withdrew from South Asia to concentrate on its territories in central Asia Bactria served as a bridge between south Asia and the Mediterranean Bactria rejected trade with outsiders, believing that foreign contact would undermine their culture

Bactria served as a bridge between south Asia and the Mediterranean

Around 300 BCE, small ________-speaking groups began to migrate southward into the equatorial rain forests, where they cleared land for farming. Bantu Amharic Berber Mande

Bantu

The nomadic horsemen of central Asia had what crucial advantage when acting s trade intermediaries between dar- flung urban centers Because of their Mobility, they had acquired resistance to many diseases They developed political ties with dozens of local kings who allowed them to carry trade goods They had unique knowledge of the mountain passes through which trade goods flowed They had learned many languages through their long history of interactions with settled peoples

Because of their Mobility, they had acquired resistance to many diseases

The Qin dynasty divided its empire into thirty- six provinces called ______ Military Districts Principalities Commanderies Counties

Commanderies

What city became the new capital of the eastern Roman empire? Alexandria Constantinople Byzantium Damascus

Constantinople

Which of the following was essential to Harappan economic power? Control of the extraction and trade in gemstones Control of salt deposits in the Indus River basin Control of trade routes through northern India Control of navigational techniques used by sailors along the Indian Ocean coast

Control of the extraction and trade in gemstones

What city was the capital of Muslim Spain and housed a great mosque

Cordoba

What crop allowed for a growing population in the valley of Tehuacan ( near modern-day Mexico City)? Millet Corn Potatoes Wheat

Corn

On What Aegean island did the trade-oriented Minoan civilization develop? Sicily Rhodes Crete Cyprus

Crete

What evidence suggests that the four-group caste system of South Asia was based on encounters with people of different complexions and cultures? It had its roots in a myth about the meeting of mystical horses, each representing one of the four castes It was uniformly enforced throughout South Asia, putting conquered people in the lowest caste. It originated with the Vedic people's nomadic lifestyle The word Varna means color in Sanskrit

The word Varna means color in Sanskrit

How did Zheng, the first emperor of the Qin dynasty, attempt to secure his throne? Zheng Allowed local rulers retain authority because they could more efficiently collect taxes and put down local rebellions Zheng had himself appointed Emperor by a council of the competing Warring States, ensuring broad support for his reign Zheng forced the rulers of defeated states to move to his capital, Xianyang to ensure that they were not plotting rebellion Zheng took the title "King of Kings" to emphasize his superiority over less rulers

Zheng forced the rulers of defeated states to move to his capital, Xianyang to ensure that they were not plotting rebellion

What was the physical and social center of a Mediterranean city-state? Temple to the city's god Administrative offices of the city officials agora Palace of the king

agora

What agricultural innovation helped lead to an increase in productivity and population? horse-powered tractors crop rotation irrigation canals Feudalism

crop rotation

During the Axial Age, the competitive spirit among Greek states led to creation of what sporting event? the Super Bowl the Agora the Olympic Games the Marathon

the Olympic Games

What new ideal became the centerpiece of Greek art? the human nude animals in nature landscapes geometric shapes

the human nude

Which of the following correctly describes the breakdown of Olmec culture? As the Olmec hierarchies collapsed, the hinterland became depopulated and unproductive. The Olmecs were defeated in a series of wars with the Maya. The Olmecs fell because of a peasant uprising against the priests and chieftains. In many areas, religious centers were abandoned, but not destroyed.

In many areas, religious centers were abandoned, but not destroyed.

What region of sub-Saharan Africa was one of the few connection points between the northern and southern parts of Africa, and adopted many Egyptian cultural and political practices due to their proximities? Nubia Abu Simbel South Africa the Sudanic savanna

Nubia

As Buddhism spread and became entrenched along the Silk Roads, what artwork did Buddhists create into the landscape of Bamiyan ( in Afghanistan) and Yungang (in China)? Extravagant and intricate timber temples Giant stone sculptures of the Buddha Gardens of lotus plants Murals depicting the Eightfold Path

Giant stone sculptures of the Buddha

Due to their immense territories, massive and diverse populations, and the influence they exerted beyond their territories, the Han and Roman empires became truly_______ Universal territories Globalizing Empires Global superpowers Regional Powers

Globalizing Empires

Which of the following characterized the Garrison towns founded by Alexander and Seleucus Nictator in south and Central Asia The influence of Hellenism vanished when the Hellenistic regimes collapsed Greek Soldiers married local women, but established institutions familiar from Greek city-states By the second generation, most people spoke and wrote only Koine Architecture followed local styles

Greek Soldiers married local women, but established institutions familiar from Greek city-states

______ were books of new sailing knowledge in which sea captains recorded landing spots and ports between their destinations, as well as their precious cargoes Periplus Marinas Astrolabes Nav Charts

Periplus

What is the name for the ethnic group that settled the island of the Pacific Ocean Pacificans Polynesian Samoan Oceanian

Polynesian

Where were sheep, goats, pigs, and cattle first domesticated The Yellow River valley The Nile valley North Africa Southwest Asia

Southwest Asia

The Persian empire administered its vast territories with a system of provinces or ______, each ruled by a governor who was a relative or close associate of the king Counties Emirates Avestas Strapies

Strapies

Which of the following reflects a major economic difference between sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of Afro-Eurasia? Sub-Saharan African land was held by chieftains who parceled it out to tenants to grow crops. Sub-Saharan Africa valued labor more than land because of the lack of plow agriculture. Sub-Saharan African agriculture was based on barley, not wheat or rice. Sub-Saharan Africa was isolated from trade with the Nile Valley and North Africa.

Sub-Saharan Africa valued labor more than land because of the lack of plow agriculture.

Which of the following contributed to the fall of the Old Kingdom in Egypt? The divide between rural and urban settings The bureaucracy introduced too many changes into water management methods Local magnates assumed control of the provinces Invasion from the people of the nubian regions of the Nile River

Local magnates assumed control of the provinces

What led many Egyptian villagers to pray at local shrines and believe in the power of magical amulets? Since villagers were illiterate, they could not participate in temple rituals Villagers had a different set of gods and beliefs from those of the temples and court The priesthood in Egy[t was weak and did not satisfy the needs of the local villagers Local villagers were physically far removed from temple life, and so turned to other means of satisfying their religious needs

Local villagers were physically far removed from temple life, and so turned to other means of satisfying their religious needs

___ was the Egyptian term for "stability" or "order" and that rulers attention to maintaining it was essential to prevent chaos A'aru Ka Ma'at Anubis

Ma'at

What new school of Buddhism, whose name meant " Great Vehicle", resolved the centuries- long dispute over whether the Buddha was a god or a wise human? Rig- Veda Zen Stupa Mahayana

Mahayana

Which of the following were first domesticated in the Americas? Wheat, barley, and horses Sorghum, bananas, and cattle Rice, millet, and chicken Maize, potatoes, and guinea pigs

Maize, potatoes, and guinea pigs

For what reason did monasticism rapidly spread in Northern Europe? The monks charity work gained the trust of the people Warrior-monks helped conquer land from Germanic tribes Many believed that those had little in common with laypeople could best mediate the believer and God It was inexpensive

Many believed that those had little in common with laypeople could best mediate the believer and God

In what way did Darius ensure that the satraps actually sent the central government the wealth of the peripheral provinces? The satraps were only appointed from the highest respected me of their provinces The satraps were closely monitored by military officer, tax collectors and the "eyes of the king" The satraps could be enslaved of they failed to account for all tax collectors The satraps were required to leave close family members as hostages in Persepolis to ensure their good behavior

The satraps were closely monitored by military officer, tax collectors and the "eyes of the king"

What new metal alloy (combination of several metals) did early urban dwellers develop and use to craft tools and weapons? Titanium Gold Steel Bronze

Bronze

Which of the following best describes the expansion of Buddhism in the first few centuries BCE? Buddhism dislodged Zoroastrianism from its dominance on the Iranian Plateau Buddhism Spread rapidly in China, gaining large numbers of adherents The Spread of Buddhism was inhibited because Buddhist monks- refused to translate Buddhist texts into local languages Buddhist Monks followed commercial networks, spreading the words of the Budhha

Buddhist Monks followed commercial networks, spreading the words of the Budhha

Which of the following best describes Buddhist art outside of South Asia Buddhist art adopted styles from the diverse populations that produced it Buddhist art imposed South Asian artistic norms on diverse populations Buddhist art focused on sever images of the suffering of life Buddhist art never depicted the image of the Buddha

Buddhist art adopted styles from the diverse populations that produced it

How did priests monopolize communication with spiritual powers and the people in ancient Egypt? By undercutting the ceremonial role of the local rulers By creating a special divine language that only they could use By using the tithes sent by worshippers to launch a campaign against practitioners of competing religions By creating elaborate rules for selecting and training priests, and by forbidding nonpriests from entering the temples' inner sanctuaries

By creating elaborate rules for selecting and training priests, and by forbidding nonpriests from entering the temples' inner sanctuaries

How did the Han solve the problem of staffing a competent bureaucracy? By requiring noble families to designate one son for bureaucratic work By selecting promising young military officers to work in bureaucratic offices By establishing institutions of learning, including an imperial university By drawing heavily on the expertise of religious officials

By establishing institutions of learning, including an imperial university

In what way did both Mayan kings and many rulers of Eurasian empires legitimate their authority? Both claimed divine approval for their rule and traced their lineage directly back to the gods Both Isolated themselves from the public in order to create a sense of mystery about kingship Both obtained the financial support of powerful merchants Both centralized authority to undermine the authority of the priestly class

Both claimed divine approval for their rule and traced their lineage directly back to the gods

In what way was the Tang military similar to the Islamic forces? Both had highly trained soldiers Both strunk their own borders to easily control their empire Both rejected the use of calvary because their enemies relied on it Both relied on pastoral nomads from the Inner-Eurasion steppes

Both relied on pastoral nomads from the Inner-Eurasion steppes

Which of the following is a valid comparison between Mahavira and Siddhartha Gautama? Both believed that asceticism is the path to permanent bliss. Both believed that by strict adherence to caste rules one might be reborn into a higher caste. Both believed that prayer rituals to the gods must be strictly observed so that the gods would intercede to aid the believer. Both were Kshatriyas who spent part of their lives practicing asceticism.

Both were Kshatriyas who spent part of their lives practicing asceticism.

In what ways did the societies of the Aegean initially resemble those of Polynesia? Both were fragmented and decentralized Both failed to develop craft specialization Both integrated chains of island into mainland culture Both were conquered by the territorial states

Both were fragmented and decentralized

The emergence of monotheism amongst the Israelites: Was rejected by the prophets, who were broke off to form splinter groups Was universally encouraged by the priestly elite, who hoped to expand their power by developing a single ethnic community worshipping a single deity Unified a people who long a rejected all outside influences Came after the period of henotheism, in which one god has powered an ascendancy over the spirits and deities that still exist

Came after the period of henotheism, in which one god has powered an ascendancy over the spirits and deities that still exist

The domestication of ____ opened up new overland trade routes in Afro-Eurasia Oxen Cotton Camels Horses

Camels

What New invention did pastoral nomads bring to settled communities that dramatically altered warfare? Shield Chariot Bow and Arrow Sword

Chariot

The prosperity of the large-scale commercial plantations established by the Romans depended on: Chattel slavery Links between agricultural output and manufacturing Tenant farmers The army, who bought most of their products

Chattel slavery

During the Eastern Zhou dynasty's Spring and Autumn period, which of the following resulted in a political power shift from the central state to local authorities? New discoveries in hydrology increased the power of rural agriculture. New sextants, which allowed local rulers to create accurate calendars without the royal astronomers. New interpretations of oracle bones discouraged local gentlemen from supporting the central state. Cheaper and more abundant weapons, products from new iron smelting techniques.

Cheaper and more abundant weapons, products from new iron smelting techniques.

In what way did China's social and political system diverge from those of other Afro- Eurasian societies? China's political and social system was hierarchical China's political and social system was not centralized China's political and social system emphasized an idealized past and rule by sage kings China's political and social system relied on strong female rulers as well as males

China's political and social system emphasized an idealized past and rule by sage kings

Which of the following was a characteristic of Olmec cities? Cities evidenced little planning or organization in their construction. Cities had a ceremonial life that revolved around agricultural and rainfall cycles. Cities were large, often encompassing more people than their Afro-Eurasian counterparts. Cities served as political centers from which kings established their authority.

Cities had a ceremonial life that revolved around agricultural and rainfall cycles.

Which of the following is true for cities in South Asia around 500 BCE? City planning was carefully organized. Cities served primarily as administrative centers. Cities were occupied exclusively by wealthy elites and the priests who served them. Civic authorities gave specific attention to issues of sanitation.

Civic authorities gave specific attention to issues of sanitation

Which of the following was an important social change during the Warring States period in China? The status of priests declined as both commoners and elites rejected divination in favor of rational analysis of the present. Class relations became more fluid as commoners were able to gain more economic power. Gender relations became more flexible as the economic contribution of women increased due to their work in the fields. The status of peasants fell since they were denied admission into the army.

Class relations became more fluid as commoners were able to gain more economic power.

Which of the following was a political innovation of the territorial state Clearly Defined Borders People identified themselves by ethnic groups The Creation of written taxation lists The abandonment of centralized power

Clearly Defined Borders

What came to dominate trade and commerce during the Hellenistic age? Stock Markets Mass Manufacturing Coins Wine

Coins

Which of the following is true for cities in South Asia as well as for cities in Greece and China around 500 BCE? City dwellers, compared to rural peasants, had less material wealth. Population declined because of warfare and invasion. Accounting and financial record-keeping had not yet emerged, which limited the growth of financial transactions. Coins came into use around this time, which improved commerce in urban areas.

Coins came into use around this time, which improved commerce in urban areas.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison between Confucianism and Daoism? a. Both taught that the best way to live was to follow the natural order of things. b. Both required acts of charity to effect positive change in the world. Confucian scholars believed that gentlemen should enter government, but Daoists sought refuge from political life. Daoism criticized Confucianism for teaching an unnatural social equality.

Confucian scholars believed that gentlemen should enter government, but Daoists sought refuge from political life.

Which Chinese philosophy became the ideological basis and official doctrine of the Han dynasty? Legalism Agriculturalism Daoism Confucianism

Confucianism

What do modern historians call the Sumerian writing system? Cuneiform Mesopotamian The alphabet hieroglyphs

Cuneiform

Around 2300 BCE, because of its rich reserves of copper Cyprus became a focal point of trade between Egypt, Crete, and the Euphrates river Minoan Crete colonized the islands of the Aegean Sea A large number of independent palace centers emerged in Cyprus Cyprus was able to conquer Crete and Sicily

Cyprus became a focal point of trade between Egypt, Crete, and the Euphrates river

Which of the following demonstrates Cyrus the Great's policy toward conquered peoples? Cyrus the Great instituted a bureaucracy system based on central control in order to unify his realm Cyrus the Great relocated the Jews from Jerusalem to Babylon Cyrus the Great claimed to liberate conquered peoples from the oppression of their own kings Cyrus the Great Cyrus the Great forced Persian traditions and customs on subject peoples

Cyrus the Great claimed to liberate conquered peoples from the oppression of their own kings

Around 8000 BCE, people in the Sahel region of Africa: Borrowed the idea of settled agriculture from Southwest Asia via the A. Nile River valley B. Lived exclusively as hunter-gatherers C. Established the use of camels to convey goods across hot, arid territories D. Developed agriculture with sorghum as the principal food crop

D. Developed agriculture with sorghum as the principal food crop

Which of the following is a consequence of the first agricultural revolution? A. Egalitarian gender roles B. Religious artworks C. Maritime trade D. Social stratification

D. Social stratification

What was an important difference between Daoism and Buddhism in China during the Six Dynasties period? Daoism provided the Wei rulers with legitimacy, while Buddhism remained the official practice of the southern Han. Daoism sought ways to prolong life while Buddhism sought release from this life Daoism attempted to focus on reason while Buddhism focused on the occult and magical Daoism taught a notion of Karmic retribution, while Buddhists sought salvation through penance and ceremony

Daoism sought ways to prolong life while Buddhism sought release from this life

What was the all- encompassing moral code of the Mauryan Empire that promoted tolerance of others? Dhamma Rig- Veda Karma Nirvana

Dhamma

When Homo sapiens migrated out of Africa between 50,000 and 12,000 BCE They sailed from island to island in the Pacific Ocean until they arrived in South America around 30,000 BCE Many moved into what is now Europe, where they merged with Homo erectus Few moved into central of eastern Asia because there were no large mammals to hunt in these regions Distinct regional cultures developed as a response to different environments

Distinct regional cultures developed as a response to different environments

Which of the following is a consequence of the Battle of Megiddo Egyptians lost, shrinking Egypt's borders back to the Nile River Egyptians won because they used chariots against their opponents infantry Egyptians Won, Expanding their presence into Palestine Egyptians lost because their opponents used chariots against Egypt's Infantry

Egyptians Won, Expanding their presence into Palestine

To help secure the frontier along the desert regions, Emperor Wu: Relocated rebellious people into central China Forced all men in conquered communities to serve in the army for 5 years Built the Great wall of China Established military and farming settlements in which soldiers and their families could develop agricultural communities

Established military and farming settlements in which soldiers and their families could develop agricultural communities

Which of the following was a long-lasting cultural impact of the Qin rule? Granting teachers the right to present any material they chose Establishing a uniform written script Encouraging Daoist art and scientific studies Encouraging private publication and ownership of books

Establishing a uniform written script

After seizing power and establishing his new dynasty, the first Han emperor attempted to stabilize his rule by: Emphasizing his noble origins in order to support his claim to authority Establishing an image of the Qin dynasty as cruel and oppressive, and Han rule as a return to morality Eliminating the bureaucracy as too prone to abuse and corruption Rejecting the past and all expression of Confucian thought

Establishing an image of the Qin dynasty as cruel and oppressive, and Han rule as a return to morality

Hominid mastery of ____ allowed for them to expand their diets considerably Farming The seas Hunting Fire

Fire

In return for protecting allies from invaders, the Shang expected tribute in form of Precious metals and gems Horses and cattle Silk and Bronze Foodstuffs, soldiers and workers

Foodstuffs, soldiers and workers

Which of the following was used to integrate the Neo-Assyrian Empire? Soldiers of different ethnic groups mingled together Required work from all families on monumental architecture Forced labor and relocation of large numbers of conquered peoples Internal trade to supply military resources

Forced labor and relocation of large numbers of conquered peoples

What was the reaction of the Tang when the rise of Islam threatened the Silk Road? Formed a "silk by sea" using southern China ports Tang merchants started to focus on building domestic markets in China The Tang found itself financially strapped and unable to support the military and political commitments The emperor expanded the borders to obtain more resources

Formed a "silk by sea" using southern China ports

What open-air rectangular area dominated Roman town centers, around which clustered the markets, the main temples, and city administrative buildings Forum Arena Agora Atrium

Forum

What two broad cultural movements came to link diverse populations across much of Afro- Eurasia following the death of Alexander the Great? Hellenism and Confucianism Romanization and Buddhism Hellenism and Buddhism Christianity and Orientalism

Hellenism and Buddhism

Which of the following was among the new elements that the Shang added to the Longshan culture? A copper Metal Industry Divination using Poetry Shards Walled Towns built on grid Hereditary Rulers who derived power from their relationships with the gods

Hereditary Rulers who derived power from their relationships with the gods

___ writing was the more common form of Egyptian writing. It was cursive script written with ink on papyrus or pottery Hieroglyphs Cuneiform Demotika Hieratic

Hieratic

Around 12,000 years ago, what was the main effect of population pressure and changing climate conditions on modern humans? Humans discovered fire Humans learned to domesticate plants and animals Humans migrated out of Africa to Eurasia Humans created music and art

Humans learned to domesticate plants and animals

What did the Egyptians call the foreign invaders who brought down the Middle Kingdom Helots Hyksos Ahmosis Akkaddians

Hyksos

Most artworks by early humans have been found _____ In caves On the sides of mountains In European galleries In remote desert regions

In caves

Which of the following was Emperor Justinian's most enduring legacy? Conquering the Sasanian Empire Establishing Fiscal responsibility by frugal controlling his personal expenses Selecting Byzantium as the new capital of the Eastern Roman Empire Instituting a major reform and codification of the Roman Law

Instituting a major reform and codification of the Roman Law

2. What was the evolutionary survival trait shared by all successful early hominids? A. Opposable thumbs B. Continuous fertility C. Intelligence and ability to adapt D. Completely upright posture

Intelligence and ability to adapt

What undermined Etruscan power on the Italian peninsula Invasion by the Gauls Trade war with the Carthaginians Lack of natural resources Superior Phoenician naval power

Invasion by the Gauls

This time period is often referred to as the _____ age because it replaced bronze as the new metal for tools and weapons Iron Titanium Steel Copper

Iron

Which technological innovation allowed the Bantu to become successful agriculturalists in different ecological zones? Digging sticks Iron smelting Ox-drawn plow Crop rotations

Iron smelting

How did an occupation based social hierarchy support the Zhou rule It promoted opportunities for women in trades It enshrined sufficient members of each craft group so trade could proceed It served as a counter to Confucian hierarchy promoted Zhou's rivals It asserted power over the empire diverse people and creating social stability

It asserted power over the empire diverse people and creating social stability

What is the significance of the Battle of Qadesh between Egypt and the Hittites? It demonstrated that an army welding iron weapons and armor could easily defeat an army relying on bronze technology It showed that war chariots could not fight effectively in hilly terrain It determined where the demarcation would be between Egyptian and Hittite expansion into the Fertile Crescent It demonstrated the military superiority of crossbow technology

It determined where the demarcation would be between Egyptian and Hittite expansion into the Fertile Crescent

What was a change to human language when humans spread out of Africa? It expanded into nineteen separate language families It differed only marginally from the language systems of other primates The number of phonemes became more limited It was unchanged, as the vocal cords of humans were unchanged

It expanded into nineteen separate language families

Which of the following is an accurate description in the Tang capital Chang'an? It had a large foreign population, including Christians, Buddhists, and Zoroastrians It was on the most dangerous cities in the world The civilians were free to what they wanted The population reached nearly 1,000,000

It had a large foreign population, including Christians, Buddhists, and Zoroastrians

What was the impact of the Code of Manu on South Asia? It only applied to individual actions, so Hindu religious expansion was unaffected It represented social relations and could easily be transported to new societies It established government control and coercion over social behavior It provided mechanisms for absorbing new groups into the system of varnas and jatis, propelling Hinduism into every aspect of life

It provided mechanisms for absorbing new groups into the system of varnas and jatis, propelling Hinduism into every aspect of life

Which of the following accurately describes Islamic authority around 1000 CE? It ran out of energy at the fringes of Islam's reachm creating political fragmentation within the Muslim World Banned alternate faiths Disrupted trade networks Limited agricultural and commercial experimentation in Sharia

It ran out of energy at the fringes of Islam's reachm creating political fragmentation within the Muslim World

What was Hagia Sophia's symbolic importance? It showed the role of public games and spectacle in Byzantine life It showed the dominance of the church over the state It represented the blending of Christian and Imperial Culture It represented the role of Martyrs in Byzantine culture

It represented the blending of Christian and Imperial Culture

What spurred Islam's remarkably rapid territorial expansion under the rightly guided caliphs? Its warriors are driven by religious enthusiasm and a desire to acquire the wealth of conquered territories Its geographical point of origin, which was at a nexus of trade routes that allowed rapid military movement Its creation and observance of the Five Pillars, which required the forced conversion of Christians and Jews Its unique dictate to convert non-believers combined with tolerance of diverse beliefs, which permitted it to adapt to many different societies.

Its warriors are driven by religious enthusiasm and a desire to acquire the wealth of conquered territories

What South Asian religion argued that the purpose of life is to purify one's soul through asceticism (rejection of material possessions and physical pleasures) and to attain a state of permanent bliss? Buddhism Hinduism Daoism Jainism

Jainism

During the Axial Age, new sub-levels to the traditional Varnas of the social order developed. What did the Vedic peoples call a sub-level? Taxilas Ahimsas gurus Jatis

Jatis

What was the impact of koine in the Hellenistic World Koine Greek became the model of Greek marketplace that served as the center of civic life Koine Greek became the international language of the Hellenistic world Koine was the Greek literature and Philosophy that became popular across the Hellenistic world Koine was the Greek catapult that was central to the military success of growing territorial states

Koine Greek became the international language of the Hellenistic world

What nomadic people control of central Asia allowed for better east-west connectivity and the spread of Buddhism? Huns Mongols Russians Kushans

Kushans

Who was the first Emperor of the Han dynasty? Han Wudi Wang Mang Shi Huangdi Liu Bang

Liu Bang

Promoting written law codes, administrative region, and inflexible punishment, what philosophy drove much of the Qin Policy? Daoism Confucianism Buddhism Legalism

Legalism

The Sogdians were responsible for which of the following Achievements? Linking the two ends of the Silk Roads through their oasis cities Blending Christian and Jewish beliefs to create a new religion Adopting the techniques of siege warfare from Alexander's heirs Organizing the caravan trade across the Sahara Desert

Linking the two ends of the Silk Roads through their oasis cities

The Growth of early Christianity coincided with the appearance of what central figures in matters of faith? Disciples Prophets Priests Martyrs

Martyrs

What did Christians call the faithful who died for their beliefs? Martyrs The Elect Pharisees Bishops

Martyrs

Muhammad was born and first began to preach his message in the oasis town of _________ in Arabia. Mecca Yathrib Medina Kaaba

Mecca

In the third and second millennium, agrarian communities built ____ constructions of enormous stones, such as that at Stonehenge? Paleolithic Trilithic Neolithic Megalithic

Megalithic

With Whom did the Amorite Kings in Mesopotamia ally themselves in order to bolster their Political Power Priests of Marduk Merchants and Nobles A council elected by influential members of the community Tribal and Clan Leaders

Merchants and Nobles

What statement best characterizes the average Mesopotamian family? Polygamous, with most men having several wives as well as concubines Monogamous and patriarchal Equal inheritance of property between sons and daughters Egalitarian relations between husband and wives

Monogamous and patriarchal

By 120 BCE, which of the following allowed arab sailors to dominate the Indian Ocean trade Routes? Small ships called coracles allowed free roaming of Coastal waters New Knowledge of the monsoon winds The mastery of the new navigational technique of longitude Use of the stern-post rudder to propel ships

New Knowledge of the monsoon winds

Which of the following is an example of the shift away from the city-state's domination of economic activity in Mesopotamia New Rulers allowed farmers to purchase land from the state in order to obtain economic independence New rulers allowed their generals to control all long-distance trade New Rulers designate private entrepreneurs to collect taxes and allowed them to keep a portion of tax revenues for their profits New Rulers forced individuals to donate large amounts of labor to support the maintenance of the city's defensive walls

New Rulers designate private entrepreneurs to collect taxes and allowed them to keep a portion of tax revenues for their profits

What technology allowed the Vikings to lead successful conquests and trade? Superior metallurgy that made better weapons Gunpowder that were more explosive New ships that could go upstream Medicinal herbs that relieve pain

New ships that could go upstream

What technique did the Romans use to create their military might? Forming a special contingent of slave-soldiers to serve as support personnel for the regular army Developing a series of new weapons that gave the Romans a decisive technological advantage over their adversaries Building a naval fleet that permitted them to use the Mediterranean as a rapid transport route for the army Organizing communities they conquered on the Italian peninsula into a system that provided a huge reservoir of manpower for the army

Organizing communities they conquered on the Italian peninsula into a system that provided a huge reservoir of manpower for the army

For the Byzantine Empire, which of the following was a negative impact of trade connections to the east? Outbreak of the bubonic plague during Justinian's reign Higher prices for grain in Constantinople Displacement of skilled silk workers from Constantinople Numerous competing religions entered the empire

Outbreak of the bubonic plague during Justinian's reign

What important effect of environmental change led to the collapse of urban societies and administrative centers around 1200 BCE? Pastoralists from peripheral societies migrated because of prolonged drought. Invaders arrived from the Indian Ocean fleeing increased monsoon activity Militant, expansionist religions developed following solar eclipse Famine caused by heavy rains and floods

Pastoralists from peripheral societies migrated because of prolonged drought.

Legally speaking, the authoriatarian_______ had nearly total power over his dependents, including his wife, children, grandchildren, and the slaves whom he owned Optimus Prime Pontifex Maximus Paterfamilias Princeps

Paterfamilias

Which of the following was the main source of slave labor in the Mediterranean region? Offspring of people already enslaved Sub-Saharan Africans Women sold off to pay debts such as taxes People captured in warfare

People captured in warfare

What Characterized Austronesian settlements in the South Pacific? Written scripts, ritual human sacrifice, and domesticated pigs Pottery, written scripts and rice cultivation Ritual human sacrifice, rice cultivation, and stone tools Pottery, stone tools and domesticated pigs

Pottery, stone tools and domesticated pigs

Which of the following best characterizes economic changes in China's economy in the first few centuries BCE? Buddhist Monks exercised a tax monopoly on goods carried along the Silk Roads Merchants lost power as trade decreased following the Warring States Period Power shifted away from the agrarian elite and into the hands of traders and financiers Plantations increasingly produced commercial crops using slave labor

Power shifted away from the agrarian elite and into the hands of traders and financiers

What were the administrative units of the Roman Empire called? Provinces Dioceses Commanderies Counties

Provinces

Which of the following is an accurate comparison between Egyptian pyramids and Mesopotamian ziggurats? The ziggurat of Marduk was larger that the Great Pyramid Pyramids were primarily tombs for the semi-divine pharoah, while ziggurats were temples Both were designed as temples, and housed an elaborate bureaucracy Both were created to project the might and grandeur of the territory's secular ruler

Pyramids were primarily tombs for the semi-divine pharoah, while ziggurats were temples

Which of the following Persian innovations was most closely linked to improving agricultural production? Qantas increased water supply for irrigation Harnesses for water buffalo allowed new plowing techniques Satraps directly oversaw grain production A canal linking the Red Sea to the Nile River

Qantas increased water supply for irrigation

What suggests to scientists that Harappan civilization was centralized and structured? Written language was used to provide a common culture throughout the Indus Valley Regional uniformity in urban planning; standardized weights and measures The royal palace was an administrative center for entire realm Royal tombs contained frescos and records that showed the existence of regional laws

Regional uniformity in urban planning; standardized weights and measures

What ecological change contributed to the development of agriculture in Japan? A land bridge from the Korean peninsula allowed the migration of agriculturalists to Japan Sinking sea levels meant that there was more land available for settled agriculture Rising sea levels created islands and limited the range of large game animals, leading to their extinction The cooling climate froze out the fishing societies spread out along the coasts and rivers

Rising sea levels created islands and limited the range of large game animals, leading to their extinction

What distinguished government in Warring States China from other societies in Afro-Eurasia? Rulers believed they were free of society's ethical rules. Rulers rejected advice from and persecuted provincial rulers. Rulers forged an alliance with scholarly elites. Rulers valued spontaneity instead of structure and order.

Rulers forged an alliance with scholarly elites.

What did the Mayans skilled mathematicians create that became important to maintaining proper rituals? Grand epic tales of ruling elites Massive ball courts Sacred calendars with precise lunar and solar cycles Mile markers between settlements

Sacred calendars with precise lunar and solar cycles

As the ____ grew larger, farming communities moved further east and south into Africa to find more resources and fertile land Sahara Desert Gobi Desert Nile River Lake Nyanza

Sahara Desert

In 480 BCE the Persians lost the pivotal sea battle of ____ that led to the eventual Greek victory over the Persians Salamis Thermopylae Marathon Platea

Salamis

Which of the following facilitated the spread of Brahmanism in south and southeast Asia? Sanskrit emerged as a common language of the elites Brahmans abandoned the strict rules of caste in order to appeal to more people The Gupta Empire conquered Southeast Asia The Vedas were translated into the vernacular languages of Southeast Asia

Sanskrit emerged as a common language of the elites

What led to development of Shang writing Rulers needed to record laws and edicts Merchants needed to communicate over long distances in order to trade goods Scribes inscribed queries to ancestors on oracle bones Bureaucratic officials needed to fina a method to record tribute payments

Scribes inscribed queries to ancestors on oracle bones

Which is an accurate comparison about the development of scribal cultures in both Mesopotamia and Egypt? Scribes at first had little concern with trade and commerce Scribes were usually members of lower artisan classes Scribes status was increased by the small number of people who were literate Literacy immediately became important for all members of society

Scribes status was increased by the small number of people who were literate

In contrast to most other societies in Afro-Eurasia, the second-generation societies on the borderlands of the eastern Mediterranean developed which of the following political organizations? Theocracies Self-governing city-states Merchant oligarchies Elected monarchies

Self-governing city-states

What do historians call the application of human labor to a fixed plot of land for more than one growing cycle? Continuous agriculture Neolithic farming Settled agriculture Pastoralism

Settled agriculture

Meaning "First August Emperor" what did the first Qin emperor call himself? Li Si Shi Huangdi Wuwei Zheng Wang

Shi Huangdi

What was the native religion in Japan? Buddhism Zen Judo Shinto

Shinto

What was the primary export commodity traded by the Franks? Timber Slaves Iron Weapons

Slaves

In 771 BCE northern steppe invaders forced Zhou to flee their western capital ushered in the ______ Period of the Easter Zhou dynasty Summer and Spring Autumn and Winter Winter and Summer Spring and Autumn

Spring and Autumn

Which of the following best characterizes the relationship between individuals and the rulers of the Hellenistic Empires? Rulers used local ideas and leaders to address local concerns Rulers promoted return to the agrarian values of an earlier age to ensure the populations remained submissive and grew enough food to feed armies and urban centers States were so massive that individuals could only relate to them through the personality of their rulers People viewed themselves as citizens of a particular city, with little allegiance to the distant, foreign rulers

States were so massive that individuals could only relate to them through the personality of their rulers

Why did people in Sumer trade with distant regions such as Lebanon, Turkey, and Iran? Sumerians lacked natural resources apart from fertile soil, mud, and water Sumerians needed trade for food to support their growing population Sumerians wanted to cement political alliances by tying potential enemies to them in mutual trade Sumerian religions required sending missionaries to foreign lands

Sumerians lacked natural resources apart from fertile soil, mud, and water

Which of the following accurately describes the goals of axial age thinkers? Teaching rulers to govern justly and individuals to love ethically Teaching priests proper beliefs and individuals to treat each other with kindness Training military leaders to use the forces of nature against opposing armies Training government bureaucrats to effectively run states

Teaching rulers to govern justly and individuals to love ethically

Which major landmass saw a slow transition to agriculture with barely any domestication of animals? South Africa The Americas Central Asia South Asia

The Americas

What new crop introduced by the Bantu into the rain forests of central Africa radically changed regional agriculture and slowed deforestation? The Yam Date palms The Banana Manioc

The Banana

The Barmaki family in Baghdad is characterized by which of the following? The Barmakis were great patrons of the arts and learning, endowing mosques and schools The Baramkis were former Buddhists who obtained remarkable influence over the abbasid caliphate The Bara,lis symobolized the preferential treatment given to ethnic Arabs by the Abbasid regime The Barmakis ensured the wealth and talent from the Arabian Peninsula made their way to Baghdad

The Barmakis were great patrons of the arts and learning, endowing mosques and schools

What have some scholars called the period of internal peace and prosperity in China from 149-87 BCE? The Silken age The Han golden age The Jade era The Chinese Peace

The Chinese Peace

What is the most famous Mesopotamian heroic narrative and one of the earliest surviving works of literature. The Epic of Gilgamesh The Epic of Enkidu The Iliad The Odyssey

The Epic of Gilgamesh

What do Chinese scholars call the period of short-lived political organizations, like the Liangzhu? The Warring States Period The Age of Little States The Era of Ten Thousand States The Great Upheaval

The Era of Ten Thousand States

What was the Han dynasty's preferred policy concerning the governance of vassal states? The Han held children of the local elites as hostages to be raised in the imperial household The Han governed vassal states through large military outposts in their midst The Han set up members of the imperial family as local political leaders in vassal states The Han did not intervene win their vassals' domestic policy unless they rebelled

The Han did not intervene win their vassals' domestic policy unless they rebelled

Why did early agricultural settlements arise in the Indus Valley before the Ganges Valley? The Indus River, but not the Ganges River, brought plentiful water from its source in the Himalayas Annual floods replenished the soil in the Indus Valley but not the Ganges Valley The Ganges valley, unlike the Indus Valley, was surrounded by inhospitable deserts The Indus Valley suffered less from the yearly monsoons than did the Ganges Valley

The Indus Valley suffered less from the yearly monsoons than did the Ganges Valley

What was the westernmost gate in the Great Wall of China called since that imported product entered China from there? The Olive Oil Gate The Silk Gate The Silver Gate The Jade Gate

The Jade Gate

What family led a successful jewish revolt in Judea against the Seleucid Kingdom? The Davidians The Ecclesiastes The Maccabees The Amorites

The Maccabees

Which of the following was a major difference between the Mahayana and Hinayana (Theravada) Buddhism? The Hinayana school became a major universalizing religion while the Mahayana school remained centered in South Asia The Hinayana school was accepted by Hinduism, while the Mahayana school was not The Mahayana school accepted the divinity of both the Buddha and the Bodhisattvas, while the Hinayana school accepted only the divinity of the Buddha. The Mahayana school encouraged bhakti devotion, but the Hinayana school rejected it

The Mahayana school accepted the divinity of both the Buddha and the Bodhisattvas, while the Hinayana school accepted only the divinity of the Buddha.

In contrast to Minoan Society, which of the following accurately depicts Mycenaean Society? The Main palace centers were the hulking fortresses of Warlords The Rulers ruled directly over their people with the aid of a few chief advisers Colonies were not created because rulers did not want to delegate authority to other officials Record- Keeping was unnecessary because of the close and direct contact between the rulers and the people

The Main palace centers were the hulking fortresses of Warlords

In 325 CE a council of Christian bishops sought to bring unity to the Christian community when it developed a statement of belief called _____ The Nicene Creed Second Corinthians The Baltimore Catechism The Scillitan martyrs

The Nicene Creed

In addition to iron smelting, the Nok people in West Africa were known for which of the following? The Nok were the only culture to develop agriculture in this region. The Nok produced terra-cotta figurines believed to have the power to bless the soil. The Nok were isolated and therefore developed a distinct artistic style. The Nok developed a sophisticated written script that preserved religious texts.

The Nok produced terra-cotta figurines believed to have the power to bless the soil.

What marked the limits of Roman expansion to the east? The Himalayas The Parthian Empire The Indian Ocean The Persian Empire

The Parthian Empire

The teachings of Muhammad were complied into an authoritative version after the death of the prophet. What is the name of this foundational text of Islam? The Sunnis The Quran The Sutras The Hadith

The Quran

How did Shang Chariot's use differ from that of the rest of Afro- Eurasia The Shang used chariots primarily as symbols of wealth instead for warfare The Shang used iron fitting for their chariots The Shang developed horseshoes so that horses suffered fever leg and foot injuries The Shang made chariots lighter and more maneuverable

The Shang used chariots primarily as symbols of wealth instead for warfare

What do historians call the series of Overland trade routes across Central Asia that connected China and the Mediterranean World? The East- West Network The Spice Road The Silk Road The Afro- Eurasian express

The Silk Road

Which of the following describes the relationship between the Silla state in Korea and the Tang dynasty in China? The Silla modeled their capital city after the Tang's Silla refused to send tributes to the Tang The Tang engaged in constant warfare with the Silla The Tang borrowed a new form of Buddhism from the Silla

The Silla modeled their capital city after the Tang's

After the fall of the Han Dynasty, several smalling kingdoms competed got control of China in a series of civil wars called ____ which lasted roughly three centuries The Warring States period The Long March The Seven kingdoms The Six Dynasties

The Six Dynasties

What did the Tang obtain by dismantling Buddhist landholdings and monasteries? The Tang ensured no religion would rival its power. The Tang obtained the trust from Muslim merchants The Tang created new prose styles to mark the rejection of the past The Tang created religious homogeneity in China

The Tang ensured no religion would rival its power.

What structure was the core of Teotihuacan's royal complex and the city itself? The Pyramid of the Moon The Temple of the Feathered Serpent The Street of the Dead The palace of the King

The Temple of the Feathered Serpent

Why did the progressive land reform policies of the Northern Wei dynasty fail to bridge the cultural divide between the Han and the Tuoba? The Tuoba had little interest in farming, so were not interested in working with the Han Empress Fang had overreached her powers as a regent, raising strong opposition to the Northern Wei The Han were insulted that the Tuoba wanted to redistribute their land The Han nobility had all fled south, and Han peasants refused to work for the Tuoba

The Tuoba had little interest in farming, so were not interested in working with the Han

What precipitates the unrest that led to the replacement of the Umayyads? The Umayyads discriminate against non-Arab converts to Islam The Umayyads refused to spread Islam outside of the Arabians Peninsula The Umayyads rejected many elements of Islam, such as the use of Arabic The Umayyads destroyed Arab influence of Islam

The Umayyads discriminate against non-Arab converts to Islam

Where was the city-state of Teotihuacan located? The Andes Mountains The Yucatan Peninsula The Valley of Mexico The Mississippi Floodplains

The Valley of Mexico

What group posed the most serious military threat to the Han Empire? The Korean kingdoms The Japanese Samurai The Xiongnu nomadic people The Tibetan tribes

The Xiongnu nomadic people

What did the Sanskrit sources call the Greek kings of Central Asia The Aleksaya Kings The Brahman Kings The Yavana Kings The Demon Kings

The Yavana Kings

What natural disaster caused massive destruction across China and led peasants and Daoist clerics to overthrow this new dynasty? A volcanic eruption in the Himalayas blacked out the sun for a whole summer A large Tsunami wiped out the port cities of southern China A large meteor landed in northern China killing hundreds of thousands The Yellow River changed course causing massive flooding

The Yellow River changed course causing massive flooding

What Daoist millenarian group led the rebellions that finally brought an end to the Eastern (or Later) Han dynasty? The Red Eyebrows The Jade Spears The Yellow Turbans The boxers of the Harmonious Fist

The Yellow Turbans

What advantage did larger brains give to early hominids? The ability to learn, remember, and pass on information to the next generation The ability to identify friends from foes The ability of children to be self-sufficient at a young age The ability to walk upright with the head as a balancing point

The ability to learn, remember, and pass on information to the next generation

In contrast to the Qin dynasty, the Han Empire was distinguished by: The alliance between the imperial family and Daoist religious officials The alliance between the imperial family and Buddhist religious officials The alliance between the imperial family and nobility The alliance between the imperial family and the scholar-gentry class

The alliance between the imperial family and the scholar-gentry class

Which achievement of the Phoenicians had the greatest long term impact on the Mediterranean world? Lateen sails, which improved long distance trade The alphabet which permitted wide-spread literacy The sextant which led to the creation of astronomy Monotheism, which led to the beliefs of Judaism, Christianity and Islam In 480 BCE the Persians lost the pivotal sea battle of ____ that led to the eventual Greek

The alphabet which permitted wide-spread literacy

Which political belief had the effect of integrating the people of the outlying regions with Zhou state? The belief that social stability would come with defeated bandits and warlords The belief that the gods supported Zhou The belief that Zhou were destined to control lands under the sky The belief that the Zhous had the duty to extend their culture to "less civilized people"

The belief that the Zhous had the duty to extend their culture to "less civilized people"

What led to the diffusion of agricultural techniques from the Sahel region to other parts of Africa around 2000 BCE? Population pressure caused the people of the Sahel to migrate to new places The climate cooled and the region no longer supported crops The climate became warmer and the desert expanded Invaders from Egypt forced the Sahelians to move

The climate became warmer and the desert expanded

What led to the founding of the first Afro- Eurasian cities? The development of long- distance trading networks The rise of priestly class that demanded sacrifices of labor and taxes to local gods The collected efforts needed to build and maintain irrigation systems The need to defend against attacks from large predators

The collected efforts needed to build and maintain irrigation systems

Which of the following beliefs was reinforced by the visual propaganda of Persian architecture? The empire as heir to pastoral nomadic culture The empire as a society of diverse and obedient peoples The empire use of terror to control local people The empire as a homogenized state of people that adopted Persian culture

The empire as a society of diverse and obedient peoples

What led to the rise of the first major city-states in Southwest Asia The presence of active religious pilgrimage sites for ceremonies and rituals The need to defend against foreign invaders by banding together The presence of lush forests with many navigable rivers The local availability of large domesticable animals and variety of cereal grains

The local availability of large domesticable animals and variety of cereal grains

Which of the following was true in both sub-Saharan Africa and the Americas before 2000 BCE? The population in both places declined because of persistent drought The population in both places grew slowly, but did not lead to the development of urban centers The population in both places grew rapidly, given the large number of animals that could be hunted Population growth increased in both places after the importation of cereal agriculture

The population in both places grew slowly, but did not lead to the development of urban centers

Islam supplanted family, clan, and tribal communities and created a new community of believers that was called. The umma The hijra The sharia The jihad

The umma

The Greek belief in ________ (a transformation of humans into divine beings) separated it from the theology of the Western Church. Theosis Thesis Diocesan Deification

Theosis

How did Roman landowners in Gaul respond to the threat of peasant revolts and barbarian invasions? They imported slave labor from Spain They abandoned their lands and returned to the Italian peninsula They embraced a version of Christianity that called for them to abandon riches and enter monasteries They allied themselves with Christian Goths to provide stability

They allied themselves with Christian Goths to provide stability

Which of the following best describes Homo Erectus children They were largely ignored by other clan members until they could contribute to clan survival They could not feed or care for themselves for many years, requiring prolonged maternal care They were closely guarded by their mothers who feared attacks from other females in the clan They had a large brain capacity than earlier hominids because their mothers had wider pelvises

They could not feed or care for themselves for many years, requiring prolonged maternal care

Which of the following is true of the Sea Peoples? They disrupted the social order of the Minoans on the island of Crete. They became known as the Carthaginians They settled in northern Africa, from where they dominated the western Mediterranean Sea They were migrants from southeastern Africa who adopted boats as a primary means of transportation

They disrupted the social order of the Minoans on the island of Crete

Which of the following is true of nomadic pastoralists? They were more numerous than agriculturalists because their diets consisted of more protein They were less sophisticated culturally than their agriculturalist's neighbors because they did not build social networks and religious structures They tended to have little influence on world history because their migratory live left little time for artistic or intellectual expression They domesticated horses, which gave them decisive advantages in transportation and warfare

They domesticated horses, which gave them decisive advantages in transportation and warfare

What can scientists infer about Homo sapiens hunter-gatherers by studying contemporary hunter-gatherer societies? They spent nearly every hour of the day foraging for food Since most of the food was obtained by hunting, the role of women was limited to child-bearing They avoided social behaviors such as friendly competitions They formed small bonds that were relatively egalitarian

They formed small bonds that were relatively egalitarian

In what ways did Vedic people pastoralists adapt to society in South Asia? They adopted the language and religion of the local peoples They gave up their veneration of horses and substituted veneration of cattle They learned agricultural practices from the local people They developed a trading network in order to obtain much need copper

They learned agricultural practices from the local people

Which of the following is true of axial age thinkers in the Mediterranean city-states? They were based in northern Africa, where they were influenced by Egyptian thought. They were independent thinkers, all of whom rejected the existence of the gods. They drew heavily on the older, traditional values they encountered through trade with more established states and empires. They looked to nature itself rather than focusing on the role of gods to explain the universe.

They looked to nature itself rather than focusing on the role of gods to explain the universe.

Which of the following accurately describes the Vikings? They quickly abandoned their warlike ethos and adopted settle agriculture They raided land from ocean coasts but avoided rivers, and inlets for fear they would lose naval advantage They opened a trading link between the Baltic and Klev, creating a commercial avenue from Baghdad to Scandinavia They lost military strength when crushed by Charlemagne

They opened a trading link between the Baltic and Klev, creating a commercial avenue from Baghdad to Scandinavia

Which of the following was a way that the Chavín people responded to Andean environmental constraints? They lacked the technology to produce metal goods, so they specialized in wood carving. They relied on llamas to transport political officials across the empire. They organized their societies vertically along steep mountainsides to take advantage of the different crops that could be grown in different zones.

They organized their societies vertically along steep mountainsides to take advantage of the different crops that could be grown in different zones.

Roman emperors used which of the following to calm the people's concerns about the reinstitution of monarchy? They claimed that the only way to prevent civil strife was through the citizens surrendering ancient liberties to the strongest military leader They claimed that they could not become tyrants since they had no control over the military They presented themselves as civil rulers whose power depended on the consent of the Roman citizens and the power of the army They justified their power through religious ceremonies and auguries led by the pontifex Maximus

They presented themselves as civil rulers whose power depended on the consent of the Roman citizens and the power of the army

Around 1300 BCE, what actions did the Shang take to prevent their rivals from challenging their legitimacy They created a new state religion They prevented their rivals from getting access to tin and copper to forge bronze weapons They poisoned the leaders of all opposing troops They Created strong regional networks through tribal clan relations and trade

They prevented their rivals from getting access to tin and copper to forge bronze weapons

Why were pastoralists important to settled agriculture? They transmitted ideas, products, and people across long distances linking villages with a wider world They served as a buffer between agricultural communities and outside enemies They had so little interaction with villagers that farmers came to think of them as powerful mythological beings They left important records that influenced agricultural innovation

They transmitted ideas, products, and people across long distances linking villages with a wider world

The Phoencians benefited from their location in which of the following ways? Their location on the Red Sea allowed them to control trade between Egypt and Persia They did not produce manufacture goods themselves, but only acted as traders They were ambitious to establish a maritime empire through the Indian Ocean They were able to develop seaworthy crafts from the massive cedar trees in their region

They were able to develop seaworthy crafts from the massive cedar trees in their region

Which of the following accurately describes the origins of the Kshatriyas caste? They were descendants from agricultural commoners, the original residents of South Asia They were descended from servants and menial laborers, and became the lowest caste They were descended from the most politically powerful class that entered South Asia and became rulers of the new land. They were descended from Vedic priests and became the highest caste in South Asia

They were descended from the most politically powerful class that entered South Asia and became rulers of the new land.

During the Republic, to whom did Rome's poor citizens look for the protection of their interests? To leaders of the state religions who promoted the equality of all people To army commanders to provide them with land and a decent income To the faction that opposed the Gracchus brothers who attempted to strip the poor of their citizenship To the senate to protect their interests against large landowners

To army commanders to provide them with land and a decent income

What was the main purpose of warfare in Mayan lands? To unite the Mayan communities against a common enemy, the Aztecs To support the role of the Mayan Kings as he centralized authority in all of Mayan society To provide victims for bloodletting rituals of rival dynasties To provide a way to release population pressure

To provide victims for bloodletting rituals of rival dynasties

What is the characteristic that sets Homo habilis apart from prior hominids? Creating simple musical instruments Bipedalism Using tools to create tools Development of simple language

Using tools to create tools

While the Abbsaids retained the absolute political authority of Muhammad, the ______ (religious scholars) held authority over religious doctrine. Imams Rabbis Ulama Pharisees

Ulama

The status of Nestorians in the Sasanian Empire exemplified which of the following? The lack of political unity in the Sasanian Empire Universalizing religious communities spreading across Asia along trade routes The Sasanians Empire's persecution of non- Zoroastrian beliefs Merging Christian and Zoroastrian beliefs

Universalizing religious communities spreading across Asia along trade routes

. In early riverine China, which of the following best describes the rate of urbanization and the factors that contributed to it? Urbanization in China was slower than in Egypt and Mesopotamia, because China did not have outside trade Urbanization in China was slower that in Egypt and Mesopotamia, because of geographic barriers and less easily domesticated plants and animals Urbanization in China took place more rapidly that in Egypt and Mesopotamia, because China's open geography allowed for the rapid diffusion of intellectual and cultural breakthrough from other parts of Afro- Eurasia Urbanization took place more rapidly that in Egypts and Mesopotamia, as the rice- growing regions in the south share information with the millet-growing regions in the north

Urbanization in China was slower that in Egypt and Mesopotamia, because of geographic barriers and less easily domesticated plants and animals

Established in Mesopotamia in the 4th millennium BCE, ______ was one of the very first cities in human history Harappa Memphis Uruk New York

Uruk

The economic achievements of the Tang were enhanced by which of the following? Limiting trade on the Silk Road, to help local markets Using the Grand Canal and the Yangzi river to aid transportation and communication Focusing on Iron and Silver trade with Japan Establishment of large private plantations to grow silk

Using the Grand Canal and the Yangzi river to aid transportation and communication

Which of the following is an accurate description of the exchange that took place between the Vedic People and the Indus Valley People Vedic People adopted the agricultural skills of the people of South Asia and the South Asians adopted the Newcomer's language Indus Valley people added beef to their diets and Vedic people relinquished their elaborate religious faiths Indus Valley People found Horse Breeding to be a major source of Wealth and Vedic people adopted the social structure of the Indus People Vedic People adopted the local religious culture of the People of South Asia and the South Asians adopted iron working from the newcomer's

Vedic People adopted the agricultural skills of the people of South Asia and the South Asians adopted the Newcomer's language

What practice did the "Middle Assyrians" introduce in the twelfth century BCE to control women? Flogging Veiling Divorce Monogamy

Veiling

___ was a Han minister and regent who overthrew the Han and temporarily established a new dynasty in 9 CE. His reforms that redistributed wealth and land from the rich to the poor failed miserably. Wang Mang Master Laozi Chang Kai Emperor Wu

Wang Mang

How did the wealthy elite respond to the changing economy following Alexander's conquests and the rise of Rome? Wealthy elites, dissatisfied with their life-styles, turn to philosophy to find the meaning of life Wealthy elites soon seized control of Hellenistic Kingdoms through bribery and hiring mercenaries Wealthy elites used surplus cash to buy large tracts of land to grow crops for export- leading to widespread plantation slavery Wealthy elites invested surplus cash in technological improvements to mining and agriculture

Wealthy elites used surplus cash to buy large tracts of land to grow crops for export- leading to widespread plantation slavery

Which of the following best characterizes the role and position of women in early Islamic society? Women enjoyed the right to divorce freely and take multiple husbands Women from poor families were required to wear veils and be secluded, while women from wealthy families were allowed open access to male society Women had a shifting status as patriarch was only starting to emerge in the Arabian communities Women lost all rights to inherit or own property

Women had a shifting status as patriarch was only starting to emerge in the Arabian communities

Which of the following was true of women's roles in Hellenistic kingdom? Women came to dominate trade on the Silk Roads Women were rejected by all Hellenistic schools of philosophy Women were powerless in the political World of the Cosmopolitan city Women's political roles included becoming ruling queens

Women's political roles included becoming ruling queens

In Aegean island culture, which of the following was an indigenous cultural element? Worship focused on female deity Dominant priestly class Large palaces Large temple complexes

Worship focused on female deity