History of Computers
Fortran
1957; Formula Translation
Ada
1980; not an acronym, it was named after Ada Lovelace.
COBOL
1995; stands for Common Business- Oriented Language
La Pascaline
Carried tens and hundreds, which made it easier to work numbers larger than 10; The numbers that are added are set up by turning discs on the bottom; First machine mechanical adding and subtract.
Steve Wozniak
He co-invented the company Apple and invented the Apple I computer. He personally invented the Apple II
Steve Jobs
He co-invented the company Apple and many of its inventions, like the Apple I and the iPhone
Joseph-Marie Jacquard
He invented the Jacquard Weaving Loom
John von Neumann
He invented the von Neumann Machine and helped modify the ENIAC.
J. Presper Eckert
Invented ENIAC and UNIVAC I
Abacus
Invented around 3000 BC; Taught children how to do simple arithmetic; Still used today by street vendors
ENIAC
Invented by John Mauchly and John Presper Eckert in 1945; The ENIAC was the first electronic computer that could be used for general purposes; It is composed of vacuum tubes and switches.
EDVAC
Invented by Von Neumann in 1947; It was the first internally stored program computer. It is the successor of the ENIAC; It is a multipurpose computer that was able to hold program in memory
Slide Rule
Invented by William Oughtred in 1625
The Stepped Reckoner
Invented in 1673; It is important because it calculated numbers in decimal form; The machine performs multiplication by repeated addition and division by repeated subtraction; First mechanical calculator, added subtracted multiplied and divided.
Jacquard Weaving Loom
Invented in 1801 by Joseph Jacquard; This was the first machine to use punched cards. It enabled workers to produce patterns a lot quicker; It utilizes punch cards that follows algorithms to create different designs and styles; Punch card had 80 rows, breakthrough in textile industry.
Difference Engine
Invented in 1821 by Charles Babbage; It calculated values of polynomials using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division; It eliminates the need for multiplication; Powered by steam.
Tabulating Machine
Invented in 1889 by Herman Hollerith; It was important because it was able to compile and process data; The Tabulating Machine reads the data based on the configuration of the hole punches
Mark I
Invented in 1944 by Howard Aiken with help from IBM and Harvard; It is important because it is the first computer and was used by the US navy; It reads paper tape, instead of the normal punched cards.
Charles Babbage
Invented the Difference and Analytical Engine.
Joh Mauchly
Invented the ENIAC and the UNIVAC
Blaise Pascal
Invented the La Pascaline, which is an early calculator
Gottfried Leibniz
Invented the Leibniz Wheel, or Stepped Reckoner
Howard Aiken
Invented the Mark I
Herman Hollerith
Invented the Tabulating Machine
William Oughtred
Invented the earliest form of the Slide Rule
UNIVAC
It was invented in 1951 by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert; It was the first computer for commercial use. It also used in presidential elections to see who won; It handled both numbers and alphabetic character equally well; First business computer.
Ada Byron Lovelace
She was the first computer programmer; She devised a method of using punch cards to calculate numbers.
Computer
a programmable usually electronic device that can store, retrieve, and process data.
