HIV Chapter 85
In an untreated person, the average time for acquisition of HIV until a diagnosis of AIDS is made is about
10 Years
Primary Acute Infections occurs typically
2 to 4 weeks after initial exposure to the virus
HIV is an infectious human retrovirus that invades
A healthy normal White Blood Cell
Last stage of HIV
AIDS
Neurologic Complications that lead to development of confusion, forgetfulness, depression, anxiety, and difficulty walking
AIDS Dementia Complex also known as (HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders(HAND) includes behavioral changes and diminished mental functioning
The most advanced and final stage of HIV, Not all persons with HIV will advance to this stage of the disease
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Affects the functions of the Immune System
Medications that are specifically designed to combat the retrovirus
Antiretroviral Therapy
Lymphocytes that originate in the bone marrow
B-Cells
Contaminated Body Fluids Include
Blood, Semen, Preseminal Fluid, Rectal Fluids, Vaginal Fluids, and Breast Milk
The Diagnosis of AIDS is Confirmed When
CD4 Count falls below 200 or client has developed unusual infections
The virus uses its own RNA to change the healthy cells DNA into
Cells that Replicate/ Biosynthesis of existing cells to duplicate and spread HIV within the body
The virus becomes less active, individual appears to be healthy, often for many years following the initial infection
Chronic Latent Infection
Two Types of HIV
HIV-1 (more virulent and more easily transmitted, majority of infections world wide), HIV-2 (slower and milder, becomes more infectious over time, West Africa)
Generally takes longer to progress to symptomatic HIV/AIDS
HIV-2
An Inflammation of the Renal Filters that affects the kidney's ability to remove fluids and waste products
HIV-associated Nephropathy (HIVAN)
HIV is transmitted through contact with infected body fluids which can be found
Inside the mouth, rectum, vagina, and the opening of the penis
A malignanat tumor of the walls of the blood vessels, is rarely seen in nonpositive HIV individual but it is very often associated with HIV-Positive Individuals
Kaposi Sarcoma
A loss of fat in face, arms, legs, and buttocks
Lipoatrophy
Excessive fat buildup on back of neck and shoulders, breast or abdominal area
Lipodistrophy
What part of the body the immune leads where most viruses are destroyed
Lymph Nodes
HIV reproduces and mutates rapidly which results in
Multiplicity of HIV genetic variations in a single person, Several variations can occur within one client at any particular time
AIDS does not appear to infect neurons (nerve cells) but AIDS complications can severely affect the
Nervous System
As a direct consequence of the HIV invasion, the individual in vulnerable to Life threatening infections, an ailing immune system develop
Opportunistic Infections
3 Main Stages of HIV
Primary Infection (Acute HIV) Chronic Latent Infection (Clinical latency or inactivity) AIDS
A Healthcare worker's primary protective measures against infections carried by bodily fluids
Standard Precautions
Lymphocytes that mature in the thymus
T-Cells
Are formed to fight infection and to produce antibodies for specific Immune Responses
T-Cells & B-Cells
Two Types of White Blood Cells
T-Cells & B-Cells
The main cells affected by HIV are the helper
T4 Lymphocytes (CD4 Cells)
Both HIV-1 & HIV-2 are transmitted through direct contact with infected body fluids Via
The HIV- infected mother to child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding
As HIV destroys CD4 cells
The Immune System is increasingly Depleted
The majority of HIV Cases involve
Unprotected Sex, Oral and Anal Sexual Contact
A loss of 10% of body weight, accompanied by Diarrhea, chronic weakness, and fever produced by aggressive treatment protocols
Wasting Syndrome
Lymphocytes are one of the 5 types of
White Blood Cells
