HL 120 Chapter 4,5,8,9 Study Guide

list and fully explain the routes of drug administration using example where appropriate

- Oral ingestion: drugs taken by mouth -inhalation: through the nose or mouth -injection: (intravenous) into the bloodstream; most common (intramuscular) into muscle (subcutaneous) under the skin -transdermal: through skin -Suppositories: through the vagina or anus

Urinating frequently after alcohol consumption occurs because a. Alcohol is a diuretic b. alcohol filters through the kidneys faster than water c. alcohol shrinks the bladder d. alcohol can be a gastrointestinal irritant

a. Alcohol is a diuretic

Chewing tobacco can lead to a condition characterized by leathery white patches inside the mouth known as a. oral cancer b. alcoholic hepatitis c. leukoplakia d. leukemia

c. leukoplakia

Using a nicotine patch for smoking cessation is an example of which route of administration a. injection b. oral ingestion c. transdermal d. inhalation

c. transdermal

A substance intended to affect the structure or function of the body or mind through chemical action a. an illicit drug b. a prescription drug c. a synergistic drug d. a drug

d. a drug

Some researchers believe that chronic sleep deficiencies can a. regulate blood glucose level b. increase testicular size c. increase sperm motility d. increase the risk for type 2 diabetes

d. increase the risk for type 2 diabetes

True or False: the majority of nighttime sleep is spent in REM sleep

false

True or False: a characteristic of addiction is loss of control, which typically leads directly to negative consequences

true

True or False: cigarette advertising in the US that targets children is illegal

true

True or False: in most cases, the perpetrators of child abuse are member of the child's family

true

People with a physiological dependence on a substance, such as an addictive drug will experience a. withdrawal but not tolerance b. tolerance but not withdrawal c. neither tolerance nor withdrawal d. both tolerance and withdrawal

d. both tolerance and withdrawal

The use of force to control and maintain power over another person in the home environment is a. domestic violence b. spousal violence c. intentional violence d. intimate partner violence

a. domestic violence

Assault, homicide and suicide are all examples of a. intentional injuries b. unintentional injuries c. reported injuries d. criminal acts

a. intentional injuries

The restful, restorative period of sleep is a. non-REM sleep b. REM sleep c. alternating wave sleep d. rapid wave sleep

a. non-REM sleep

Eating food when drinking alcohol a. slows alcohol absorption b. speeds up alcohol absorption c. decreases the absorption of nutrients in food d. increases the absorption of nutrients in food

a. slows alcohol absorption

Binge drinking is defined for the typical adults as a. 3 or more drinks for females or 4 or more drinks for males in about two hours b. 4 or more drinks for females or 5 or more drinks for males in about two hours c. 5 or more drinks for females or 6 or more drinks for males in about two hours d. 5 or more drinks for both females and males in about two hours

b. 4 or more drinks for females or 5 or more drinks for males in about two hours

In a synergistic drug interaction a. one drug blockers the action of another drug b. two drugs multiply each other's effects c. two or more drugs combine to produce extremely uncomfortable reactions d. an individual develops a tolerance to one drug that increases his or her tolerance to another drug

b. two drugs multiply each other's effects

Violet suffered multiple fractures after her car was hit by a truck driven by a drowsy driver on his way home from a night shift. Violet experienced a. primary aggression b. unintentional injury c. crime d. violence

b. unintentional injury

Rob is a chief executive officers at a technology company. He is overweight and has borderline high blood pressure. When his physician advises regular physical activity , Rob replies that he is too busy to exercise. Of the following addiction, which is Rob MOST likely experiencing a. exercise addiction b. work addiction c. technology addiction d. internate addiction

b. work addiction

Using a drug for a purpose other than that for which it is intended is a. drug abuse b. drug use c. drug misuse d. drug tolerance

c. drug misuse

The last stage of liver disease that can results from years of heavy drinking is a. alcoholic hepatitis b. hepatic amyloidosis c. fibrosis d. cirrhosis

d. cirrhosis

What substance in cigarettes is a highly addictive stimulant a. menthol b. tar c. carbon monoxide d. nicotine

d. nicotine

Violence against people or property that is rooted in political or social objectives and intended to intimidate is a. aggression b. violence c. stalking d. terrorism

d. terrorism

Violence is defined as... a. injuries caused accidentally without intent to harm b. a repeated implied or verbal threat against another person c. a premeditated crime against another person involving a weapon d. the intentional use of physical force or power against oneself or another person or group

d. the intentional use of physical force or power against oneself or another person or group

True or False: Lack of sleep can have a detrimental effect on academic performace

true

The main site of alcohol metabolism is the a. spleen b. liver c. colon d. kidney

b. liver

James is not longer able to feel the same effect from his drug of choice with his regular does; he needs to increase the amount of the drug to feel the desired effect. this demonstrates a. withdrawal b. tolerance c. adjustment d. intolerance

b. tolerance

David spends four hours a day lifting weights and is at the point of obsession about his fitness routine to the extent that he will miss classes and outings with friends so he can go to the gym. He mostly likely suffers from which of the following disorders a. bipolar disorder b. anorexia nervosa c exercise addiction. d. bulimia

c exercise addiction.

the ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the a. complete blood count b. red blood cell volume c. blood alcohol concentration d. ethyl alcohol density

c. blood alcohol concentration

The fastest- acting method of drug administration is a. oral ingestion b. intramuscular c. intravenous d. suppositories

c. intravenous

They vast majority of stalkers are a. lacking in social skills b. teenagers or young adults c. known to their victims d. reported to the authorities

c. known to their victims

What is a common reason that victims of elder abuse do not report it a. They believe the abuse will stop once their health improves b. they are convinced that no one will believe them c. they want the caregiver to admit to the abuse first d. they are afraid that the abuser will retaliate by putting them in a nursing home or increasing the abuse

d. they are afraid that the abuser will retaliate by putting them in a nursing home or increasing the abuse

True or False: Differences in political belief do not appear to be a factor that contributes to violence

false

True or False: cigars are less of a health risk than cigarettes

false

True or False: depressants speed up neuromuscular activity and can increase focus and alertness

false

The most common sleep disorder is a. narcolepsy b. insomnia c. sleep apnea d. sleepwalking

b. insomnia

Describe insomnia in detail including definition, causes, symptoms and treatment of insomnia

Insomnia is the more common sleep disorder. Insomnia: difficulty falling asleep, frequent arousals during sleep or early morning awakening. 21% of students report that sleep affects academics. 5% are treated. Symptom and Causes: -Difficulty falling asleep -Difficulty returning to sleep -Waking frequently during the night. -Unrefreshing sleep -Waking up too early in the morning -Daytime sleepiness -Irritably Treatment: -Drugs -Relaxation techniques -Yoga -Deep breathing -Meditation -Tia Chi -Cognitive Behavioral Therapists.

One standard drink equals a. 12 oz of beer or 1.5 oz of 80 proof liquor b. 10 oz of wine or 1 oz of 80 proof liquor c. 16 oz of beer or wine d. 6 oz of malt liquor or 8 ounces of beer

a. 12 oz of beer or 1.5 oz of 80 proof liquor

Which of the following is a major contributor to college students' lack of sleep a. Electronic devices b. failing grades c. eating spicy foods d. having to get up early for morning classes

a. Electronic devices

Bidis are becoming increasingly popular because they are viewed as safer than regular cigarettes. Researcher shows that bidis a. Produce three times more nicotine than cigarettes b. produces 20% less tar than cigarettes c. decreases the smoker's exposure to carbon monoxide as compared to cigarettes d. produces 5 times less tar than cigarettes

a. Produce three times more nicotine than cigarettes

An addictive drug produced by fermentations a. ethyl alcohol b. congener c. acetaldehyde d. dehydrogenase

a. ethyl alcohol

Rape that involves multiple attackers, stranger, weapons, or a physical beating is a. Sexual harassment b. aggravated rape c. sexual assault d. second degree rape

b. aggravated rape

Research examining the relationship between substance abuse and violence indicates that a. chronic drinkers are less likely than others to have histories of violent behaviors b. alcohol consumption is a major factor in domestic violence at all levels c. substance abuse can elevate a person's mood and thereby prevent a potential crime d. substances abuse markedly decreases the risk of both homicide and suicide

b. alcohol consumption is a major factor in domestic violence at all levels

A disease associated with smoking in which alveoli are destroyed is known as a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. alveolitis d. hepatitis

b. emphysema