HLTH 231 exam 1

Alicia has been experiencing persistent sadness, despair, and hopelessness. She is displaying symptoms of

a chronic mood disorder.

Missy is motivated to lose weight. She has begun taking a 30-minute walk every morning, has worked with a nutrition counselor to design a new diet, and on Monday will begin following new eating plan. According to the transtheoretical model of behavior change, Missy is in a stage of

action.

The body's attempt to restore homeostasis in the aftermath of a stress response is a(n) ________ response.

adaptive

Greg and Kate always support each other's interests, hoping to ensure that the other will succeed. This BEST demonstrates that they are

advocates for each other.

Using electronic devices before bed may disrupt sleep patterns for all of the following reasons EXCEPT the

beeping sounds they sometimes produce.

During non-REM sleep

body temperature and energy use drop.

Successful community strategies for preventing violence include all of the following EXCEPT

discouraging family planning programs.

Warren often has difficulty writing sentences with the words in the correct order. Warrenn may have a learning disorder known as

dysgraphia.

Which of the following is a major contributor to college students' lack of sleep?

electronic devices

One of the most important goals of Healthy People 2020 is to

eliminate health disparities and improve the health of all population groups.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly results in

frequent night waking.

Which of the following factors influences a person's sleep needs?

gender

Maria has difficulty falling asleep quickly, and many morning she wakes feeling unrefreshed. Maria most likely has

insomnia.

Treatment for schizophrenia includes hospitalization and a combination of

medication and psychotherapy.

A bias-motivated crime is

a hate crime.

Jeff and Dana have been married for two years. Their relationship involves exclusive sexual involvement with each other. This demonstrates

a monogamous relationship.

Loneliness is

a risk factor for depression and substance abuse.

Chronic stress has a strong connection to all of the following medical conditions EXCEPT

hearing loss.

Overall, the leading cause of death for Americans is

heart disease.

Suicidal ideation is significantly associated with

high stress and low self-esteem.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is

highly treatable.

What is social capital?

the collective value of all of the people in your social network and the likelihood of them providing social support

People with an internal locus of control believe that events turn out as they do based on

their own actions.

In troubled relationships, an example of criticism would be

"You're the most self-centered person I've ever met!"

Which of the following statements about mindfulness is true?

An essential component of mindfulness is awareness of oneself and one's environment.

There have been recent reports of date rape drugs being used at campus parties. What should female students do to protect themselves from being the victim of drug-facilitated crimes?

Don't accept open or unsealed drinks and don't leave drinks unattended.

Which of the following is TRUE about the effect of exercise on your quality of sleep?

Exercising strenuously in the morning or afternoon boosts sleep quality.

Which of the following is TRUE about primary aggression?

It is goal-directed, hostile self-assertion that is destructive in nature.

Which of the following is TRUE about reactive aggression?

It is most often an emotional reaction to frustrating life experiences.

Which of the following statements about the graduating class of 2016 is true?

More than 70 percent of these students graduated with significant debt.

Which of the following is TRUE about ethnoviolence and hate crimes?

Prejudice and discrimination are always at the base of hate crimes and ethnoviolence.

Which of the following statements about schizophrenia is TRUE?

Schizophrenia is a mental illness with biological origins.

According to the PERMA model, which of the following strategies is most likely to enhance your well-being?

Set realistic goals and pursue them with effort.

Which of the following is TRUE about marital rape?

Several states may treat marital rape as a lesser crime.

Which of the following is TRUE about stress?

Stress is a mental and physical response to real or perceived changes and challenges.

Which of the following statements about intimate relationships is TRUE?

Supportive intimate relationships are associated with a longer life span.

Suicide prevention techniques include

asking directly if the person intends to hurt himself or herself.

Obstructive sleep apnea increases a person's risk for all of the following EXCEPT

asthma.

Rudy lives behind a train depot. The train runs from 5AM until midnight, and causes significant noise and pollution. Rudy gets quite a few upper respiratory infections, which are likely due to

background distressors.

Which of the following is a social contributor to sexual violence?

blaming the victim

Kendra has decided to break up with her boyfriend. Which of the following actions should she take?

change the passwords she'd shared with him to her online accounts and pages

The definition of the term family

changes over time.

The disruption of which factor results in jet lag?

circadian rhythm

Sleep disorders can be diagnosed through a(n)

clinical sleep study.

Tessa is dreading her chemistry final. When she finds herself thinking that she's going to fail the exam, she tells herself, "No, I might not ace it, but I've been studying and I'm definitely going to pass." Tessa is engaging in a process referred to as

cognitive restructuring.

Lengthy cohabitation that is considered legally binding in some states is

common-law marriage.

After working on a class project all week and only sleeping about four hours per night, Courtney is

compromising her immunity.

Warning signs of suicide include all of the following EXCEPT

compulsion to repeatedly perform rituals.

When Marlon gets adequate sleep the night before his intramural basketball games, he has more energy and can run faster and perform better. This can be attributed to

conservation of body energy during sleep.

The most commonly prescribed therapy for obstructive sleep apnea is

continuous positive airway pressure.

The use of force to control and maintain power over another person in the home environment is

domestic violence.

The leading cause of accidental death in the United States is

drug overdose.

The primary hormone responsible for physiological stress responses such as increased heart and breathing rates is

epinephrine.

Emotional health can best be described as being able to

feel and express emotions appropriately.

Which of the following is NOT a common sign of major depression?

feeling highly energetic

Stress management consists of

finding balance and developing coping strategies.

According to research, immune function is increased in adolescents who

get more than 9 hours of sleep a night.

To replenish vital energy stores, which of the following would be particularly helpful?

getting more sleep and "down time"

People who frequently use social networking sites

have larger social networks than non-users, including offline.

Falls are the most common cause of

head injury.

The part of the brain involved in controlling the body's overall reaction to stress is the

hypothalamus.

Healthy People 2020 is a plan designed to

improve the quality of life and years of life for all Americans.

Studies associate mindfulness with

improvements in memory.

Health promotion

includes policies, programs, and financial support for initiatives that promote health.

A healthy marriage contributes to reducing stress by

increasing financial stability and expanding support networks.

The most common sleep disorder is

insomnia.

Violence that occurs between two people in a current or former marriage or sexual or dating relationship is

intimate partner violence.

A mentally healthy student who gets a bad grade on an exam would respond by

learning from the situation and improving study habits.

The expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such as at birth, is known as

life expectancy.

The U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges

made same-sex marriage legal in all fifty states.

The general term for a disorder that disrupts thoughts, feelings, moods, and behavior to the extent that it impairs functioning in daily life is

mental illness.

Makoto has a disability affecting his movement. Throughout high school, he has been rejected, teased, and bullied. Makoto has been experiencing

minority stress.

You really want to buy an expensive software program to help you with coursework, but your credit cards are maxed out and the rent is due next week. Which type of stressor is this?

money

The condition that causes people to fall asleep involuntarily during the day is

narcolepsy.

Vivienne is seven years old. Her parents fail to send her to school and do not homeschool her. This is an example of

neglect.

One reason the validity of the Type A personality theory has been debated is that

not all Type A people experience negative health consequences.

The five-factor model classifies curiosity, independence, and imagination as

openness.

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that, on a typical day,

over two-thirds of women cook and clean up after meals.

The dimension of physical health encompasses the ability to

perform activities of daily living.

Paulo cannot recall a time when he did not feel terrified of spiders. He could be experiencing a(n)

phobia.

Mindy wants to lose weight. The fact that her parents engage in regular exercise is a(n)

predisposing factor.

Breakdowns in the criminal justice system contribute to violence when

prisons are overcrowded and mental health services are inadequate.

A term used to encompass mental, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions of health is

psychological.

Most commonly, a person diagnosed with social anxiety disorder has a fear of

public events and gatherings.

When Hiro confessed to Mina that he was attracted to her intelligence, sense of humor, and concern for others, Mina told him that she admired the same qualities in him. This is an example of

reciprocity.

In preparation for his exam, Juan plans to stay up all night studying. According to research, this strategy will likely result in

reduced cognitive ability.

A psychologically healthy person is

resilient.

During a sleep study, a person spends the night in a sleep lab, and his or her body functions are monitored by

sensors and electrodes.

Jill has many friends, is respected by her coworkers, and maintains a great relationship with her boyfriend. Her ability to interact with others is an example of which dimension of health?

social

Lisa and Abby are sisters and best friends. Both feel they can share their worries and concerns with one another. This example demonstrates

social integration.

Our neighbors and coworkers are members of our

social network.

Which of the following were cited by college students in a national survey as major impediments to performing well academically?

stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties

Which of the following forms of stress management originated as a form of self-defense?

tai chi

Anxiety disorders are

the most common mental health problem in the United States.

Which behavior change model involves six distinct stages and is also known as the stages of change model?

transtheoretical model

Predictability is a fundamental element of

trust.

All of the following are techniques used in the Chinese art of feng shui EXCEPT

using sheer curtains that let in as much light as possible.

The term terrorism is correctly applied to situations in which

violence is used to achieve political aims.

Which of the following is an essential prerequisite for changing a behavior?

wanting to change

All of the following are common side effects of psychotropic drugs EXCEPT

weight loss.

Major public health achievements of the twentieth century include

workplace safety.

Which of the following forms of stress management also improves strength and flexibility?

yoga

You are most likely to listen BEST when

you believe the speaker is saying something you can relate to.

Amelia and Geoff married when Amelia was 20 years old and Geoff was 23. Presuming that their marriage reflects population statistics,

they most likely married around the year 1960.

Which of the following groups of Americans is most likely to unintentionally fall asleep during the day?

those between the ages of 18 and 25

Which of the following is TRUE of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Failure to meet a lower-level need will interfere with fulfilling higher-level needs.

Which of the following is TRUE about intimate partner violence?

Homicide by a current or former intimate partner is the leading cause of death among pregnant women in the United States.

Which of the following is TRUE about major depression in college students?

International students are especially vulnerable to depression.

Which of the following is TRUE about stalking

It can occur online.

Which of the following is TRUE about the term acquaintance rape?

It has largely replaced the term date rape.

Which of the following is TRUE about appropriate self-disclosure?

It involves sharing feelings and information as a means of getting to know a person.

Which of the following is an example of a SMART goal?

Reduce my weekend alcohol consumption from 4 or more drinks per night to no more than 3 drinks per night.

Relational connectedness is MOST likely to be enhanced by

Relational connectedness is MOST likely to be enhanced by

Which of the following statements about media and violence is true?

Research has not demonstrated a clear link between exposure to violent media and a propensity to engage in violent acts.

Which of the following statements about marital status in the United States is TRUE?

The percentage of males who have never married is higher than that of females.

Which of the following statements about caffeine is true?

The sleep-impairing effects of caffeine can last for 7.7 hours or more.

Meditation has been proven effective in managing stress. Which of the following is NOT true about meditation?

There is only one meditation style that is considered effective.

Which phase of the cycle of violence includes physical acts intended to inflict pain?

acute battering

Catrina just missed hitting a deer as she was driving along a dark, curving road. She felt her racing heart finally slow down after she pulled off the road and took a few deep breaths. This is an example of a(n)

adaptive response.

The positive aspects of a person's life, such being satisfied with life in general and having positive emotions, determines one's sense of

well-being.

Self-disclosure can be a double-edged sword because

you risk the possibility that the other person will reject you.

Nathan's piano teacher is insisting that he practice more, while at the same time he is overloaded with assignments in his academic classes, worried about how he's going to make the final payments on this semester's tuition bill, and having trouble sleeping. Nathan is at high risk for

burnout

Intense feelings or patterns of feelings that people experience are

emotions.

After weeks of arguments, Riley and Schaeffer break up. They both spend most of the following weekend sleeping, eating, and watching TV. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome are they now in?

exhaustion

Adequate sleep may enhance intellectual health in all the following ways EXCEPT by

expending energy.

The personality trait that involves the ability to adapt to a social situation and demonstrate assertiveness is known as

extroversion.

Which of the following was a major contributor to the 626 boating fatalities that occurred in 2015?

failure to wear a personal flotation device

During stage 4, a sleeping person's pituitary gland releases which of the following hormones?

growth hormone

Differences in cancer mortality among specific populations are an example of

health disparities.

The immune system's ability to respond to assaults is known as

immunocompetence.

The ability to think clearly, analyze information, and use one's mental capacity to meet life's challenges is known as

intellectual health.

The six dimensions of health

interact continuously.

Beth works part-time as a waitress and receives no health insurance benefits from her employer. She purchased insurance under the Affordable Care Act, but the policy has a $5,000 annual deductible. Beth

is likely to delay care that she needs.

Observing a friend's successful attempt to quit smoking and trying some of the same tactics to quit yourself is an example of

modeling.

Jealousy is more likely when

one partner fears that he or she is losing control over the other.

The feeling that you are overextended and that it's not possible for you to meet all the demands being placed up on you is known as

overload.

A hormone referred to as a "cuddle chemical" that boosts feelings of satisfaction and attachment is

oxytocin.

Bedwetting, snoring, sleepwalking, and sleep-related eating disorder are all examples of

parasomnias.

A common ploy used by rapists is to

pose as a police officer or other authority figure.

A person who experiences flashbacks after a violent mugging might be suffering from

post-traumatic stress disorder.

Jake is being treated for depression by a medical doctor who provides talk therapy and has also prescribed medication for his condition. Which type of mental health professional is Jake seeing?

psychiatrist

Sexual penetration without the victim's consent constitutes

rape.

Which phase of the cycle of violence is called the "honeymoon period" because the batterer may act apologetic and promise to change?

remorse/reconciliation

The sleep disorder in which a person experiences unpleasant sensations in the legs and an uncontrollable urge to move to relieve the sensations is

restless legs syndrome.

Luci has worked as a customer service representative for two years. She believes that this job has improved her ability to cope with a variety of stressful situations and is confident in her ability to do so. Luci is exhibiting which of the following personality traits?

self-efficacy

Based on a recent cholesterol screening, Marlon decided that he has to stop eating so much fast food and get more exercise. Between work and school, his free time is limited, but he is determined to lower his cholesterol level and improve his overall health. The best way for Marlon to stay motivated to improve his diet and work out regularly is to

set reasonable short- and long-term goals and reward himself for meeting them.

Melanie grew up in extreme poverty, but won a full scholarship to a top liberal arts college. There, her sociology professor, who also comes from a poor family, has been helping Melanie to take a proactive approach to her current stressors and to focus on the future. These strategies are best classified as

shifting and persisting.

When you feel groggy and disoriented after a long nap, you are experiencing

sleep inertia.

A key defense against assault when you're outside alone is to

stay aware of your surroundings.

Javier wants to talk with Stephan about his frustration related to Stephan's excessive spending, but as he is speaking, Stephan keeps texting on his cell phone. This is an example of what pattern common in troubled relationships?

stonewalling