HLTH 320 - Final Exam Studying

quiz 23: assume you have encountered a person who has attempted suicide and has been unsucessful. Provde at least 3 first aid interventions that would be appropriate once you have determined that there is no potential harm to you

- ask the person to tell you about their behavior and the reasoning behind it - contact the police - stay with the person until help arrives

Quiz 17A: your next door neighbor reports to you that he thinks he is experiencing a heart attack. Provide at least 4 first aid actions appropriate for his care

- call 911 - monitor breathing - help to comfortable position - help victim take aspirin

quiz 22: list the 4 questions that are suggested to be answered when determining imminence as you are assessing what should be done when providing first aid for a women in active labor

- has woman had baby before? - are contractions <2 min apart / 60 sec - amniotic sac ruptured? - sensation to bear down?

quiz 23: name at least 4 physical or behavioral indicators that may increase you suspicion of child abuse when providing first aid to a small child with injuries

- unexplained broken bones - stocking / glove burn - bruises inability to gain weight/ overeating

quiz 19: upon returning from a camping trip you discover an embedded tick which you successfully remove. What are the 4 actions recommended by our textbook following the removal?

- wash with soap and water - apply rubbing alcohol - apply ice pack - apply calamine lotion

quiz 23: during the semester, we have discussed various physical conditions that have the potential to cause changes in one's behavior. Provide at least 4 examples of such conditions

-carbon monoxide poisoning - dehydration - hypothermia - concussion

Quiz 3: Provide at least 2 examples of how the autonomic nervous system controls the circulatory system.

1) Autonomic nervous system controls your heart rate and tells your brain when your heart should beat. 2) Autonomic nervous system helps control blood flow through organs in body.

Quiz 4: Provide at least 2 justifications for placing a victim in the "recovery" position.

1) Open airway for easier breathing 2) Make it so the victim won't throw up harmful substances ingested.

Quiz 7: Name at least 4 signs/symptoms that would indicate someone is likely experiencing anaphylactic shock

1) They aren't able to breathe 2) Become pale 3) Start swelling in the face and neck 4) Break out in a rash or hives

quiz 19: two concerns resulting from an animal bite besides rabies are:

1) immediate tissue damage 2) later infection

quiz 20: the body makes efforts to increase its temperature in a cold environment by

1) shivering 2) vasoconstriction

quiz 21: the body makes efforts to decrease its temperature in a warm environment by

1) sweating 2) radiation

Quiz 3: Briefly describe at least 2 important roles played by the skin OR name the 3 types of muscles in the body and provide an example of each.

3 types of muscle: 1. Cardiac - heart 2. Skeletal - bicep femoris 3. Smooth - bladder

quiz 18 extra credit: what phone number will you use to contact your local poison control center?

800-222-1222

Quiz 4: Forming a "first impression is: A. determining the severity and urgency of the incident B. the result of performing a scene size up C. usually done following the primary check of a victim D. routinely done following a head to toe exam.

A

Quiz 6: When using an AED, the pads A. should be placed firmly on bare skin B. can be placed anywhere on the chest C. are removed if shocks are successful D. can overlap only if used on an infant

A

Quiz 17B: Which of the following is recommended for the person who has diabetes and is discovered to be unconscious and not breathing? A. Provide chest compressions and breaths B. administer glucagon if it is available C. locate his epinephrine auto-injector D. place 15 grams of juice inside his mouth

A. Provide chest compressions and breaths

Quiz 17A: For someone experiencing a severe attack of asthma A. the shock position is not recommended B. the left-sided position is recommended C. the breathing sound "snoring" is common D. nitroglycerin will improve breathing

A. the shock position is not recommended

Quiz 1: Briefly define the term "abandonment" as used in first aid settings and provide at least one example.

Abandonment means that after you have started doing first aid on someone in emergency you leave before another qualified first aid provider arrives. Example: leaving someone on the road after a car accident after you started administering CPR to them.

quiz 21: which of the following statements regarding hydration is true? A. body temperature water is easier for the body to absorb than cool water B. dehydration can be present before the sensation of thirst is experienced C. fluids containing alcohol or juice are preferred rehydration in hot temperatures D. the normal fluid loss daily for adults with average activity is about 3 quarts

B. dehydration can be present before the sensation of thirst is experienced

quiz 22: the priority intervention immediately upon delivery of the baby is which fo the following A. naming the newborn baby B. drying and warming the newborn C. massaging the mother's lower abdomen D. tying off and cutting the umbilical cord

B. drying and warming the newborn

quiz 21: you are assisting in the care of an individual who appears to be experiencing heat exhaustion. Which of the following is appropriate? A. applying ice to decrease his body temperature B. elevating the victim's legs 6 to 12 inches C. providing cold soda/juice for fluid replacement D. calling 911 because it is a medical emergency

B. elevating the victim's legs 6 to 12 inches

17B: A febrile seizure A. ensures a lifetime of seizure activity B. is caused by the spiking of a fever C. is best prevented by a cold bath D. typically occurs only in adults

B. is caused by the spiking of a fever

quiz 22: the first stage of labor A. is when the placenta is delivered B. marks the beginning of contractions C. includes the actual birth of the baby D. is usually shorter than the 2nd stage

B. marks the beginning of contractions

Quiz 17B: your roommate is a diabetic and appears to be ill. Which of the following would indicate to you that he is likely experiencing insulin shock? A. dry skin, fruity odor breath B. pale skin, confusion C. deep breathing, sweaty D. hungry, thirsty

B. pale skin, confusion

quiz 20: the one most reliable sign that your victim is moving from mild to severe hypothermia is A. sudden loss of conscious B. shivering action ceases C. onset of ventricular fibrillation D. loss of dexterity

B. shivering action ceases

17B: define "BRAT" and explain when it is recommended

Bananas Rice Apple sauce Toast for after diarrhea

Quiz 4: Placing victims in the "left-sided" position: A. is not appropriate for women who are pregnant B. is only indicated for victims who are unconscious C. limits the absorption rate of ingested substances D. has no advantage over the "right-side position"

C

Quiz 5: Checking for breathing in a victim who is motionless, regardless of age A. should only be done following a pulse check B. is done after a head tilt chin lift is performed C. is to be done while checking for responsiveness D. should follow a finger sweep of the mouth

C

Quiz 5: You are alone and have determined that an older person is unresponsive and not breathing. It is recommended that you should next. A. begin chest compressions B. deliver two rescue breaths C. take the time to contact 911 d. check the victim's pulse

C

Quiz 7: For which of the following would it be appropriate to utilize the supine shock position? A. stroke B. head injury C. simple fainting D. heart attack

C

quiz 20: when "layering" to prevent excessive heat loss in a cold environment, the middle layer of clothing should A. wick moisture from the skin B. provide a moisture-proof barrier C. act as a layer of insulation D. create a wind break

C. act as a layer of insulation

quiz 19: because the bite of a coral snake may result in the injection of venom into the victim, your first aid should include A. placement of a tourniquet B. application of ice immediately C. cleaning with soap and water D. sucking the venom out

C. cleaning with soap and water

Quiz 17A: the treatment recommended for an individual hyperventilating due to anxiety, as described in class includes: A. having the victim breathe into a paper bag B. assisting the victim into the shock position C. coaching the victim to slow breathing D. providing rescue breaths to the victim

C. coaching the victim to slow breathing

quiz 22: vaginal bleeding/pain during the latter part of the 3rd trimester is A. totally normal and signals the beginning of labor B. usually of a transient nature and should be ignored C. is a serious sign of potential harm to mother and baby D. known as a spontaneous abortion or miscarriage

C. is a serious sign of potential harm to mother and baby

quiz 22: Meconium A. is the name of the first breast milk expelled shortly following delivery of the baby B. is the term used to describe the situation wherein an extremity delivers before the head of the baby C. may be evident in the amniotic fluid and indicates the first passage of stool by the baby D. refers to the blood that is lost by the mother immediately following delivery of the baby

C. may be evident in the amniotic fluid and indicates the first passage of stool by the baby

quiz 23: which of the following signs in an emergency would be considered a normal response? A. loss of judgement B. uncontrolled weeping C. rapid breathing D. unreasoning attempt to flee

C. rapid breathing

quiz 18: care of a victim of carbon monoxide poisoning includes which of the following interventions? A. administration of activated charcoal by mouth B. applying hydrogen peroxide to the affected area C. removing the victim from the toxic area D. placing the victim in the left sided position

C. removing the victim from the toxic area

quiz 23: which of the following statements is true regarding suicide? A. people who talk about suicide do not commit suicide B. once a person is suicidal he or she will be suicidal forever C. suicide has not been proven to be genetically determined D. improvement after a suicidal crisis is always a good sign

C. suicide has not been proven to be genetically determined

quiz 18: signs of an opiate overdose include which of the following: A. unequal pupils, increased heart rate, hallucinations B. vomiting, anxiousness hyperventilation C. unresponsiveness, pinpoint pupils, decreased respirations D. paranoia, depressed respirations, dilated pupils

C. unresponsiveness, pinpoint pupils, decreased respirations

Quiz 8: When direct pressure cannot be applied to a bleeding wound due to an embedded object, skull fracture, or protruding bone, the first aid provider must utilize what intervention to slow bleeding?

Cravat

Quiz 2: Which of the following is a key component of the "scene size up"? A. directing someone to call 911 for help at the scene B. estimating the approximate time the incident occurred C. determining the presence of breathing/pulse in the victim D. looking for the number of victims at the emergency scene

D

Quiz 4: The main purpose of the "primary check" as stated in the textbook is to: A. make a safety assessment of the scene B. identify the presence of medical ID tags on victims C. determine the victim's primary cause of injury D. determine the presence of life-threatening problems.

D

Quiz 5: When attempting rescue breathing and the first breath does not go in A. roll the person onto his left side B. administer abdominal thrusts C. finger sweep the person's mouth. D. reposition the airway and try again

D

Quiz 5: Which is appropriate when providing care to a responsive infant who has a totally obstructed airway? A. provide 15 compressions and 1 breath B. take time to call 911 if you are alone C. attempt to provide rescue breathing D. administer back blows and chest thrusts

D

Quiz 6: Individuals operating an AED A. are required by law to be AED certified B. must first provide CPR for 2 minutes before shocking C. should not use them on victims with pacemakers D. by protocol resume CPR after the first shock

D

Quiz 6: Which of the following regarding AED use is true? A. only to be used for adult victims B. appropriate for victims with chest pain C. designed for safe use in water D. first step is in use is to push the "on" button

D

Quiz 8: In a first aid scenario when controlling bleeding, which of the following is true? A. hemostatic dressings are not recommended B. two tourniquets may be applied if required C. removing blood soaked dressings and replacing with new ones D. the most common type of bleeding is capillary bleeding

D

Quiz 8: You are providing care to a victim who has blood spurting from his arm. Which of the following interventions would be initially the most appropriate? A. applying a tourniquet B. using a pressure point C. placing an ice pack D. applying direct pressure

D

Quiz 4: Choose either DOTS or AVPU and explain when it is used in first aid situations, listing its components.

D- Deformities O - Open wounds T - Tenderness S- Swelling Use in physical exam to make sure if there are other injuries or cause for concern so the first aid provider can respond and take action on what needs to be cared for.

Quiz 17A: basic first aid treatment of a stroke includes which of the following? A. Assist the victim in taking his nitroglycerin B. place the victim supine with feet raised C. walk the victim to improve circulation to his brain D. call 911 for immediate transport to a hospital

D. call 911 for immediate transport to a hospital

quiz 20: which of the following is appropriate in the care of frostbitten lower extremity? A. bearing weight on the extremity to increase circulation B. massaging the affected area to increase circulation C. immersing the affected extremity in 120 degree water D. placing dry gauze padding between the toes

D. placing dry gauze padding between the toes

quiz 19: inflammation at the site of a wasp sting may be decreased by A. application of a baking soda paste B. injecting prescribed antivenin C. application of a compression bandage D. rubbing the area with vinegar

D. rubbing the area with vinegar

quiz 18: knowing you have just hiked through an area with poison ivy, which would be the most appropriate action to PREVENT an allergic response associated with the exposure? A. administer a dose of epinephrine with an epipen B. seeking medical attention immediately C. applying a compression bandage to limit spread of the inflammation D. washing the affected surfaces with water and soap

D. washing the affected surfaces with water and soap

quiz 20: provide a practical example for each of the following ways the body loses heat

Evaporation: sweating Radiation: through head

Quiz 1: Describe the role of Good Samaritan laws when first aid is provided

It helps protect the rescuer so that when they try to help and administer first aid to someone if they aren't negligent and they act they best they can they won't be penalized or sued for their service.

Quiz 1: Contrast "legal" duty to act and "moral" duty to act and provide an example of each.

Legal duty to act is if you are designated by law and required to provide first aid in a situation. Example: You were on the same motorcycle as your friend and then it crashes. A moral duty to act is when you feel as though you should help and are not bound by law to help. Example: Seeing someone on campus passed out and you go to help them.

Quiz 1: While standing in the checkout line at the local grocery store, you observe an older woman collapse to the floor and she is not moving. What legal principle discussed in class applies regarding your response to the situation?

Moral duty to act

Quiz 1: A person stops and provides care to a victim of a hit and run incident. He breaches his duty and the person for whom he is caring is injured as a result. This is an example of....

Negligence

Quiz 3: Define the term "perfusion" and describe its relationship to shock

Perfusion means that your blood flow when you go into shock after an extreme circumstance, doesn't flow as well. You get clammy skin, cyanotic coloring, and you aren't able to breathe as well.

Quiz 2: First aid responders are taught to assume that all blood and other certain body fluids are infective and to take protective measures. This is called:

Standard/procedure precautions

Quiz 2: One of your classmates cannot stand the sight of blood and has passed out before when trying to provide first aid. What can you do to help him become desensitized to the sight of blood?

Tell him to sing a song, think happy thoughts, take himself to a happy place in his mind, etc. Basically tell him anything that distracts him from the blood and calms him down.

Quiz 2: Although various actions can prevent the spread of infective organisms, the single most important one as discussed in class is to:

WASH YOUR HANDS

17B: provide at least 2 "to do's" and 2 "do not's" applicable when caring for the victim of a generalized tonic-clonic seizure

clear area turn to one side do not restrain do not force open mouth

quiz 21: in order to maintain adequate hydration when exerting in a warm environment, what guideline for the amount and frequency of fluids was presented in the text as well as in class?

drink 8 oz every 20 min

quiz 19: briefly describe the concern associated with removal of a bee stinger as discussed in class and how to address the concern

if you don't remove it fast, the venom will go into skin use tweezers and remove quickly and efficiently

quiz 21: describe the easy way fo determining one's hydration status as discussed in class

monitor urine output

Quiz 17A: describe the action of aspirin for someone experiencing the signs of a heart attack

slows/prevents blood clotting

quiz 19 extra credit: what is the purpose of a "black spot" test? Describe how it is performed

to figure out if plant is safe use light colored cloth and put crushed leaves and rub cloth together. if brown/black= not safe

quiz 18: briefly describe the rationale for the left-sided positioning in the case of a poisoning by ingestion

you lay them on their left side so the poison doesn't move through their digestive tract easily and infect their whole body with the poisoned substance

quiz 18: describe the action (how it works) of activate charcoal, when used for poisonings

you swallow it and it binds up the poison

Quiz 6: An AED is effective for victims of cardiac arrest because A. it provides an electrical stimulus which jumpstarts the heart B. stops the chaotic electrical activity of ventricular fibrillation C. of the stimulation it sends to the autonomic nervous system D. it provides more effective, consistent chest compressions

B

Quiz 8: The body is able to control most bleeding by what to mechanisms?

1. Coagulation 2. Vasoconstriction

Quiz 8: You have stopped to assist a person who has fallen from a significant height and has multiple injuries. The 2 reasons cited in the textbook for not offering him something to drink while waiting for help to arrive are:

1. He could throw up if he drinks something because he is in shock 2. If they have to put him under for surgery he may need anesthesia which could be dangerous during surgery if he has eaten and chokes on something if he throws up in surgery.

Quiz 2: Name two behaviors under the umbrella of standard precautions.

1. Put on gloves 2. Wash hands after any encounter with body fluids while administering first aid.

Quiz 7: Name 4 first aid interventions appropriate for someone experiencing psychogenic shock (fainting)

1. Tell them to breathe deeply and relax 2. Have them sit/lay down 3. Don't allow them to eat or drink 4. If they faint, lay them in the supine position

Quiz 6: While placing the pads of an AED on a person, you encounter a medication patch on the chest. Which of the following is true regarding your actions? You should: A. place one of the pads over the patch, increasing the effectiveness of the shock B. remove the patch and wipe the skin clear prior to putting the pad in place C. be safe and not continue with pad placement until EMS arrives on scene D. not take time to remove the patch, but quickly place the pads as directed

B

Quiz 7: Self administered epinephrine (adrenalin) A. is recommended for victims of neurogenic shock B. results in vasoconstriction and bronchiodilation C. can be purchased over the counter in most pharmacies D. is indicated in the treatment of hypovolemic shock

B

Quiz 7: Septic shock can be a result of which of the following: A. blood loss B. severe infection C. spinal injury D. severe burns

B

Quiz 2: Describe how an illness or disease can result using all 2 components of the "chain of transmission" as discussed in class.

An illness can result when a HOST (1) has a PATHOGEN (2) or disease, they could then have a cut or wound opened called the PORT OF EXIT (3) where the pathogen leaves their body and goes to another person through a wound or cut on the other person called a PORT OF ENTRY (4).

Quiz 3: Which of the following is true regarding the comparison of infant and adult airways? A. obstruction of the adult airway is more likely B. opening the adult airway requires more head extension C. newborn infants are obligate mouth breathers D. the adult tongue takes up more space in the mouth

B

Quiz 3: Which vital signs would be typical for an infant in a restful state? A. Pulse 60; Respirations 40 B. Pulse 90; Respirations 36 C. Pulse 100; Respirations 12 D. Pulse 80; Respirations 22

B

Quiz 5: You are alone and discover an infant who is unresponsive and not breathing. Your next response would be: A. open the airway and check for breathing B. immediately begin chest compressions C. leave the infant long enough to call 911 D. administer 2 breaths, each over 1 second.

B