Hobbes - The Laws of Nature

Why is it the case that in the state of nature we all have a right to everything?

Because we are always wanting to find the best way to promote our self-preservation.

What are the first and second laws of nature?

1st- seek peace and follow it; if it is attainable i.e. exercise your right of nature 2nd- lay down your everything - considering others will too, to find peace

What rights cannot be renounced? Why can't these rights be renounced?

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What is a contract? When is a contract void?

A contract is a mutual transfer of rights. A contract becomes void when one acts unjustly. For the contract to be valid we need a common power to enforce terms of agreement.

At what do all of our voluntary acts aim?

Aim at some good for the agent, to seek peace because to seek peace is to fulfill our natural right to depend ourselves.

What, according to Hobbes, are the laws of nature?

The laws of nature are essentially rules that are discovered through reason. These laws make sure to forbid one to hurt oneself or take away means of self-preservation.

How does Hobbes understand the notions of liberty and of the right of nature?

The right of nature = the liberty each person has to do anything within their means of self-preservation.