Hort 203 Exam 3
Formal linear
Design style with integrated stem placement, radial with pave or another type of stem placement
unconventional, interpretive of a theme, not natural, realistic = as in nature
Free Form - Realistic Interpretive
precise, upright, parallel stem placement in geometric layers, narrow and flat, *good in front of podiums*
Hedgerow
"horizontal bands"
Hedgrow Design
Garden Clubs
How did american floral design originate?
in terracotta
How did the greek place olive branches?
imported from Egypt
How did the romans have a year round supply of roses?
radial stem placement
How is a geometric design style established?
no more than 20 years
How long did each stage of the contemporary period last?
Abstract
Look at something & make something out of it, pure creativity, no principles or elements need to be followed, materials are a "representation", manipulation of materials
piled up flowers, massive, use of rocks
Moribana (Japanese)
multi-season
Paintings of Flemish/dutch flowers have one kind of flowers?
past technique, now a style, flat material on foam, no stems, next to each other & same height, lots of shapes and designs, inspired by *jewelry industry*
Pave
Geometric
Radial stem placement, round, triangle, etc.
multiple, separate units, greater impact viewed as a whole not individual objects, all elements work together, artistic manner, different sizes to it, dinner parties/host gifts
Synergistic
True
T/F: Art Nouveau used many plant forms and there was a flow from one object to another
True
T/F: The Kerman Vase Carpet was named after a city in south central Iran in the 16th and 17th centuries?
using materials as they'd be naturally grown, we use perspective/commercial vegetative bc practicality of size, most requested in *urban* areas.
Vegetative
Ancient Romans
What ancient civilization kept the Egyptian and Greek customs, but used more flowers and vases? (Also wreaths, garlands, etc)
Byzantine
What ancient civilization used elaborate containers? Also who used flowers and fruits used in garlands?
The Victorian Era
What ancient civilization used tussie-mussie and nosegay bouquets for social gatherings?
Greek
What ancient people tossed petals on floors and beds?
Greek
What ancient people used acorns, oak leaves, laurel, ivy, bay, and parsley?
Victorian Era
What ancient time had the "language of flowers", or giving flowers to convey specific meanings?
Spirit resonance (harmony, energy) Bone method (brush, texture, form) Correspondence to the Object (form, shape, line) Suitability to Type (color, tone, values) Division of Planning (spacing, depth, rhythm) Transmission by Copying (copying from life)
What are the Six Principles of Chinese Painting?
Roses, Hyacinths, Honeysuckle, Violets, Lilies, Tulips, Larkspur, Marigolds
What are the preferred flowers of the Ancient Greeks?
Fine, Decorative, Applied
What are the types of art?
Gargoyles
What are used to model Chrysler hood ornaments on the building?
garlands, wreaths, cornucopias
What arrangements did the greek use?
Chrysler building
What building exhibits Art Deco with "machine age elegance"
strong, flowing, asymmetrical curved line
What characterizes Art Nouveau?
Byzantine
What civilization had "Alice in Wonderland" type floral designs?
Byzantine
What civilization had Espaliers?
Romans
What civilization had floral murals of Pompeii?
first commercial florists for everyday garlands, cornucopias
What contributions did the greek make to floral design?
Flemish (dutch)
What culture celebrates Tulip Mania?
Japanese
What culture says "Living Flowers" with Ikebana?
Formal linear
What design style does this represent?
adornment
What did the ancient Greeks use flowers and herbs for?
new art
What does Art Nouveau translate to?
heaven
What does Shin mean in english?
man
What does Soe mean in english?
Earth
What does Tai mean in english?
Flemish (Dutch)
What early civilization had flowers paired together not found together in the natural world, with large and flamboyant designs?
mass
What european influence was on american design? (think Flemish)
iris, peony, marigold, hollyhock and roses
What flowers did the Dutch (Flemish) people use?
Kerman Vase Carpet
What has an all over pattern of stylized flowers and oversized palmettes with vases placed throughout the fields?
Britain's Arts and Crafts movement
What influenced Art Nouveau?
after a person dies, family gathers at a rose decorated grave and gave more roses in remembrance
What is Dies Rosationis?
Roman custom of hanging a wreath of white roses from the ceiling. Everything beneath the wreath is kept "secret"
What is Sub Rosa?
recessed space for artistic display
What is Tokonoma? (Japanese)
Geometric design
What is an Oriental and European influence on American design?
Kerman Vase Carpet
What is known to be the best wide range of designs, a broad palette, with natural dyes and fibers, great tensile strength, expert color combinations, and no who are alike
Damask rose
What is the most popular motif in the Kerman Vase Carpet designs?
Nelumbo nucifera
What is the scientific name for the Lotus, which is sacred to Isis?
whiplash
What is the term for sudden violent curves of organic forms?
Usabata
What is the word for a Japanese Flower Vase?
Geometric design
What is uniquely an American style?
"Crack of the Whip" (Art Nouveau)
What is whiplash?
simplicity and line
What oriental influence was on american design?
Baroque Period
What other period ran parallel to the Flemish period?
Chinese
What people are known to be the "Mother of Gardening" with using water, stones, plants, ponds, sculptures of rocks, pavilions, walls and winding paths?
Ancient Greeks
What people did not use vases much?
Byzantines
What people had tree like compositions?
Flemish
What people made designs of C-curved and S-Hogarth shapes?
Flemish (Dutch)
What people used accessories like fans, birds, bird nests, and butterflies?
Egyptian
What period regularly used flowers in vases and had highly stylized arrangements
Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Byzantine
What periods were apart of the classical period?
Byzantine
What time period had a dome shape (also apart of architecture of that time)?
Present Day
What time period is known for creative artists involved in floral design?
Present Day
What time period is known for flowers year round?
Present Day
What time period is known for thousands of flower hybrids?
Present Day
What time period used high tech, mechanical aids?
Art Nouveau
What time was influenced or characterized by Rococo curves, Celtic graphic motifs, and William Blake's Songs of Innocence?
Victorian Era
What time was known to be have a "prim-and-proper" society?
Art Nouveau
What was an artistic movement that peaked in popularity from 1890-1905? (art, architecture, and applied art fields)
Laurel wreaths
What was given to greek olympic winners to symbolize power, honor, allegiance, and dedication?
1920-1930
What was the Art Deco period?
Shaduf
What was the Egyptian irrigation system that provided water to crops, flowers, and vegetation?
spouted vases with no visible stems and in regimented rows
What were Egyptian arrangements like?
burials, processions, table decorations; symbolic and religious meanings
What were Egyptian flowers used for?
tall and massive, used many flowers, unrestrained color palette, oval and symmetrical shape
What were Flemish floral designs like?
paintings for wealthy merchants
What were original Flemish designs of? Who were they for?
tapestry rugs, Persian (Iranian) Rugs, Paper Mache figurines and later vessels
What were the arts of Persian influence?
flattened and abstracted
What were the plant forms of Art Nouveau like?
1890-2000
What years include the Modern (Contemporary) period?
WWI
When did Art Nouveau end?
Rome's decline until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453
When did Byzantine Art begin and end?
1925
When did art deco originate?
500BC to present
When was Chinese influence in floral culture?
580 AD to present
When was Japanese influencing floral design?
1930-1942 (ended WWII)
When was art deco most popular in USA?
1890-1910
When was the Art Nouveau period?
320 AD to 600 AD
When was the Byzantine Period?
1930
When was the Chrysler building completed?
2800BC-28BC
When was the Egyptian period?
1600 AD to 1775 AD
When was the Flemish Periods?
1950-1960
When was the Free Form Expression period? (more like art than nature)
600 BC to 146 BC
When was the Greek period?
400 AD to present
When was the Korean influence?
28BC to 325 AD
When was the Roman period?
Victorian era
When was the first time anyone tried to establish official floristry rules?
1960-1970
When was there Geometric Mass Design? (tight geometric bouquets combined mass with lines)
1300 to 1700
When was there Persian influence in design?
French art exposition at Le Musee des Arts Decoratifs
Where did Art Deco originate?
Western Europe and U.S
Where did Art Nouveau take place?
Lexington Ave. and East 42nd Street, New York
Where is the Chrysler Building?
Eastern Roman Empire
Where was Byzantine Art?
carved stone reliefs and painted wall decorations
Where were Egyptian illustrations of arranged flowers found?
Hsieh Ho
Who developed the Chinese Six Cannons of design?
painters
Who set floral styles in the Flemish period?
Emile Galle (1846-1904)
Who was a French glassmaker (opaque with floral motifs), that revived a luxury glass art 'Cameo Glass' (careful carving and layering of glass and color)
Gustav Klimt (1862-1918)
Who was an Austrian decorative painter that used gold leaf, line, form, and floating forms? He contributed to the Vienna Art Nouveau movement.
Louis Comfort Tiffany (1848-1933)
Who was the American artist and designer that stained glass windows and lamps? (influencer of Art Nouveau, family owned Tiffany & Co.)
tore down hierarchies between types of art, rise of print and graphic arts, art for more people, architects used steel
Why does Art Nouveau matter?
Their love of natural beauty and deep appreciation for flowers and art
Why were the Chinese the "mother of gardening?"
"To give people pleasure in the things they must perforce use..."
William Morris Art Nouveau quote
Applied Art
application of artistic design to utilitarian objects in everyday use. Functional objects prettified, aesthetics+function, fashion design, interior design, graphic art, computer graphics.
Waterfall
cascading design, descending lines, several layers, sheer material, delicate texture, emphasis on depth, non-floral/reflective elements often incorporated, reminiscent of cascading water, *found in bridal industry*
Chrysler Building
completed in less than 2 years with 4 floors per week, Financed by Walter P. Chrysler
Decorative Art
furniture, carpet, tapestry, batik, jewelry, pottery, mosaic, glassware, book illustrations
Ziggurat
massive structure in ancient Mesopotamia & western Iranian plateau, form of a terraced step pyramid of receding levels, part of temples, in town centers, built tall to be closer to gods, assyrians and babylonians built them, people left offerings to gods on the steps
Free Form - Non-realistic interpretive
not individual parts, how they are grouped, immediate impact on how they look, only one design standing alone.
Characteristics of Art Deco
simplified geometric shapes, unblended color fields, symmetry, line emphasis, cubism influence, tasteful sensuality, classical yet contemporary, blocky figures, nationalist spirit, fine art and design merge, speed.
Parallel design
stems not radial, are parallel, multiple stems vertical or horizontal, clean and neat, contemporary, architecturally strong (like homes w/ exposed beams, or church organs)
Flapper
term for a woman attractive yet rebellious, a foolish girl with an attitude.
ziggurat
term for building a raised area
major philosophy
the idea of art and design as a part of everyday life
Egyptian
what period had the earliest known flowering arranging?
Flemish Bouquet
what term is synonymous with mass and lots of different flowers?
