Housing & Interior Unit 2 Test Review:

gable roof

-2 sloping sides that meet at a ridge -Looks like an inverted "V" -Pitch depends on environment

Landscape nursery worker

-A company/ building that sells plants and landscape features to the public or contractors -Nursery worker: A professional who sells and installs landscape plants and related materials.

Garrison House

-A house with a second story that overhangs or projects from the first story. -Overhang used to prevent attackers from scaling walls.

1. Symmetrical balance

-A mirror image of 1 side -A duplicate of other side -Most formal type of balance

Louis Sullivan

-American architect -"Father of the skyscraper" -Elaborate, ornamentation in wood, terracotta, stone -Wainwright building in STL

4 branches of landscape

-Architect -Contract -Maintenance -Nursery

Split level

-At least 2 levels connected by stairs -Takes advantage of sloping lot -Provides space of ranch without a large lot

3. Proximal/ distal

-Balances right and left, and near and far

Saltbox house

-Began as two story pitched roof house. -Added additional set of rooms along back -Long slope on roof

Pueblos

-Built on top of each other into cliffs and caves -Made from clay-formed into sun dried bricks (adobe)

Butterfly roof

-Called a "V" roof -London -Inversion thought -slopes meet in the middle of the roof shaped like a butterfly

Eero Saarinen

-Creator of Arch (built of stainless steel) -Ground break: 1959 -Began work in 1961 -Catenary Curve -Features: Trams, 630 feet wide, tall=wide

Barrel Roof

-Curved like a half cut barrel -Used in gyms, schools, and airplane hangers -+ can cover a rectangular base building vs dome roof

Contemporary Style

-Different textures, materials, and window placement -Influenced by craftsman, prairie, and ranch -Blends into surroundings

2. Asymmetrical

-Each side has as much interest as the other -NOT a duplicate

Identify doors

-Flush, sliding door, screen, pocket, folding, dutch, louvered

Georgian Style

-Formal, balanced design -Large symmetrical windows -Central chimney -Contrasting materials -Door way-pilasters, pediment, hip roof, cornice

Mansard Roof

-Four sloping sides -Becomes steeper halfway down -Curved inward -Dormer Windows

Parts of a window

-Frame, sash, casing, glass, sill, apron

International Style

-Function emphasized -Ornamentation avoided -Geometric shapes -Asymmetrical -Flat, smooth roofs -Many windows -Was often used for business

Tutor Style

-Half timbered look -Some gothic revival

A-Frame

-High pitched gable roof that forms an "A" -Meets ground -Roof is building -Ideal for high precipitation/snow

Landscape Contractor

-Install and apply the actual construction of the architects plan -Use subcontractors to do specialized work (pool, electrical, stonework

Karahafu

-Japanese -Tile and bark Found in castles, temples, and shrines -Main feature: curve at top

Landscape Architects

-Licensed -Plan the outdoor environment or landscape -Consists of hand drawn and CAD work design -Use symbols to indicate types of plant life -Use principals and elements of design

Purpose of windows

-Light, ventilation, beauty, energy (heat/cold, in/out), and view

Craftsman Style

-Low pitched gable roofs -Decorative beams or brackets under caves -Full or partial width porches with roof supported by columns

Praire Style

-Low pitched roofs -Wide porches (Draws in environment) -Built in furniture -Picture window

Mansard Style

-Mansard rood -Decorative brackets -Long windows -Top windows are typically dormer

Queen Anne Style

-Most fanciful of victorian styles -Irregular steep roof -Decorative wood shingles Wrap around porch -Circular tower

Tented Roof

-Polygonal hipped roof -Steeply pitched -Rise to peak -Iconic -Russian -Medieval religious

Frank Lloyd Wright

-Prairie and international style -American Architect -Organic Design -"Falling water" -House in STL (Ebsworth park-Kirkwood)

Adams Style

-Rectangular, 1 or more stones -Gable roof -Decorative cornice -Fanlight -decorative interiors

Saw-tooth Roof

-Series of small parallel triangle cross sections -Used in factories because it allows for natural lighting

Cape Cod House

-Simple rectangular design & Central Chimney -Pitched roof -Gable roof -Gambrel roof -Symmetrical on both sides

Types of windows

-Sliding, swinging, fixed

Italianate Style

-Square, 2 story -Wide, overhanging wood roof -Decorative brackets -Cupola -Narrow windows -"U" verted shaped structures

Ludwig Mies Van der Rhoe

-Style designed around simplicity and clarity -Utilizing modern materials of time- steel, plate glass -Passionate about minimalism -"Less is more"

Radial

-Surrounding a focus point

Greek Revival Style

-Temples of Ancient Greece -2nd story, rectangular -Windows, symmetrical -Gable roof -Elaborate enterace -Columns supporting porch

Landscape Maintenance

-The care and upkeep of the landscape -Company who maintains the life and beauty of the landscape

Cantenary Roof

-The curve idealized a hanging chain or cable -"U" shaped

Identify windows

-Transom, French, sidelight, Palladian, bow, bay, jalousie

Geodesic Dome

-Triangular frames -Structurally self supporting -No need for interior walls -Interior flexibility

Cross-gable roof

-Two or more gable roofs that intersect -Looks like a cross

Gambrel Roof

-Two sides -Barns -Wet climates -shallow slopes above each one

Le Corbusier

-Urban planner -Passionate about creating better living conditions in crowded cities -United Nations building in NYC

Half-timbered houses

-Wood frame of house formed part of outside wall. -Roof-thatch=bundles of reeds or straw

Originators of International Style

1. Le Corbusier of Switzerland 2. Walter Gropius of Germany 3. Ludwig Mies Van der Rhoe of Germany

Types of Landscape balance

1. Symmetrical balance 2. Asymmetrical 3. Proximal/distal 4. Radial

Adobe

A brick or building material made of sun-dried earth and straw.

Sidelights

A long narrow window usually on either side of the entrance door

cupola

A piece of roof in the form of a dome.

portico

A porch or entrance to a building consisting of a covered and often columned area.

Landscape

A profession that includes designing, installing, and maintaining the outdoor environment.

Roof

A protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

Pilasters

A rectangular column, especially one projecting from a wall.

Hip roof

A roof with four sloped sides.

Fanlight

A semicircular, round, or oval window with fan-shaped panes of glass.

Dentil Trim

A small block used as repeating ornament on a cornice.

bungalow

A small house with a single story

Coquina

A soft porous limestone composed of shell and coral. Very common in Spanish settlement households.

pitched roof

A two-sided roof with a steep angle.

Ell

An extension built at right angles to the length of the structure. As families grew this became necessary.

CAD

Computer aided design

gingerbread

Lacy-looking cutout wood trim

Ranch Style

Long, low, 1 story -Low-pitched gable or hip roof -Shutter and picture windows -50s and 60s

Dormers

Structures projecting through a steeply sloping roof (Dormer windows).

Pediment

The triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style, typically surmounting a portico of columns. Usually around a door or window

Keystone

Wedge shaped stone at top of window or archway

Colonial Revival Style

_Brought back features such as Georgian, Saltbox, and Cape cod. -Prominent front door -Porch made of decorative pediment and columns

Thatch

a roof covering of straw, reeds, palm leaves, or a similar material.

cornice

projecting molding on building (usually above columns or pillars)