HS403C Chapter 7 quiz
4. The Areas of Responsibility that relate most directly to health promotion models and theories of behavior change are a. Area II and Area IV. b. Area I and Area II. c. Area III and Area V. d. Area VI and Area VII.
a. Area II and Area IV.
19. Which of the following models would best explain why women perform monthly self exams to reduce their risk of breast cancer? a. Precaution Adaption Process Model b. Protective Motivation Theory c. Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skill Model d. Social Cognitive Theory
a. Precaution Adaption Process Model
12. Which theory/model was originally designed to explain the effects of fear appeals on health attitudes and behaviors? a. Protective Motivation Theory b. Elaboration Likelihood Model c. Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skill Model d. Social Cognitive Theory
a. Protective Motivation Theory
9. If people are to exercise aerobically, first they must know that aerobic exercise exists, and second they need to know how to do it properly. This is an example of a. behavioral capability. b. expectations. c. self-control. d. self-efficacy.
a. behavioral capability.
1. The primary elements or the building blocks of a theory are a. models. b. concepts. c. constructs. d. variables.
b. concepts.
16. For Janice to lose weight, she must believe both that she is able to lose weight and that the weight loss will benefit her health. These beliefs are examples of a. self-esteem and efficacy. b. efficacy and outcome expectations. c. positive reinforcement and strategic change. d. positive punishment and locus of control.
b. efficacy and outcome expectations.
8. According to the Theory of Reasoned Action, a. attitude is the person's history with the behavior. b. intention is an indication of a person's readiness to perform a behavior. c. subjective norm is the belief that the person can accomplish the change. d. belief is knowing that the health education specialist will be able to make the change for the client.
b. intention is an indication of a person's readiness to perform a behavior.
14. According to the Information Motivation Behavioral Skill Model, prevention motivation includes both a. personal and environmental motivation. b. personal and social motivation. c. internal and external motivation. d. positive and negative motivation.
b. personal and social motivation.
13. Which construct of the Transtheoretical Model focuses on weighing the pros and cons? a. Stages of Change b. Process of Changes c. Decisional Balance d. Self Efficacy
c. Decisional Balance
18. All of the following ways will increase a participant's exercise self-efficacy, EXCEPT a. Walking on a treadmill b. Watching one's peers exercise c. Experiencing delayed-onset soreness from exercising d. Encouraging words from a personal trainer
c. Experiencing delayed-onset soreness from exercising
2. An example of a construct would be the a. Health Belief Model. b. Social Cognitive Theory. c. Perceived Barrier. d. Likert Scale.
c. Perceived Barrier.
10. When a person exercises to achieve weight loss, prevent heart disease, and lower blood pressure he or she is acting according to which component of the Health Belief Model? a. Perceived Barriers b. Perceived Susceptibility c. Perceived Benefits d. Perceived Seriousness
c. Perceived Benefits
15. In what stage of the Transtheoretical Model does a person actively plan change? a. Precontemplation b. Contemplation c. Preparation d. Action
c. Preparation
3. Which of the following is NOT true about theories? a. They aid in identifying information b. They are needed before developing an intervention c. They provide a concrete framework which all health behaviors fit consistently into. d. They aid in providing direction and justification for program activities
c. They provide a concrete framework which all health behaviors fit consistently into.
6. When a group facilitator provides positive verbal feedback to a participant, it is an example of a. self-reinforcement. b. vicarious reinforcement. c. direct reinforcement. d. behavioral capability.
c. direct reinforcement.
17. In the Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion (ELM) a. there is only one route of attitude change, peripheral process. b. the model specifies how persuasion can have an impact on variables. c. elaboration means the amount of cognitive processing that a person puts into receiving messages. d. the process has not been successful with message tailoring.
c. elaboration means the amount of cognitive processing that a person puts into receiving messages.
11. When a person stops smoking because they recently had close friend die of lung cancer, which construct of the Health Belief Model is this consistent with? a. Perceived Barriers b. Perceived Susceptibility c. Perceived Benefits d. Perceived Seriousness
d. Perceived Seriousness
7. The Ecological Perspective recognizes multiple levels of intervention including all of the following EXCEPT a. interpersonal. b. environmental. c. institutional. d. interracial.
d. interracial.
5. According to the Stimulus-Response Theory, reducing health insurance benefits for employees who continue to participate in a health-harming behavior is an example of a. positive reinforcement. b. negative reinforcement. c. positive punishment. d. negative punishment.
d. negative punishment.
37. Describe the differences between global self-control and specific intervention strategies for relapse prevention.
ANSWER: Global strategies are designed to modify the early antecedents of relapse, while specific strategies are designed to help participants anticipate and cope wit the relapse episode itself.
36. What is the difference between the terms lapse and relapse?
ANSWER: Lapse is a single slip or mistake, and relapse is an indication of total failure; a return to old patterns of behavior
34. Differentiate between the maintenance and termination stages of the Transtheoretical Model.
ANSWER: Maintenance refers to subjects having maintained their changed behavior for 6 months. Termination refers to subjects having no chance of returning to the old behavior.
35. The Community Readiness Model has nine stages. What are they?
ANSWER: No awareness, denial, vague awareness, preplanning, preparation, initiation, stabilization, confirmation/expansion, professionalism
33. What are the four main ways individuals gain self-efficacy?
ANSWER: Through performance attainments (personal mastery of a task) Through vicarious experience (observing the performance of others) As a result of verbal persuasion (receiving suggestions from others) Through emotional arousal (interpreting one's emotional state)
22. Program planning models help explain how behavior change takes place.
ANSWER: False
23. An individual who has a lower cholesterol level after improved eating habits is experiencing negative reinforcement.
ANSWER: False
24. Program planners have a much better chance of success if they select one behavior change theory and use it exclusively, rather than trying to use two or more.
ANSWER: False
29. Social networks can impact health, but the specifics of who is the most impacted and how best to set up and use social networks are well known to health education specialists.
ANSWER: False
30. At the intrapersonal level, theories of health behavior assume individuals exist within and are influenced by a social environment.
ANSWER: False
32. Gaining control over our own behavior through monitoring and adjusting is known as reciprocal determinism.
ANSWER: False
20. Variables specify how a construct is to be measured in a specific situation.
ANSWER: True
21. A model is a subclass of a theory.
ANSWER: True
25. According to the Theory of Freeing, education is the key to becoming critically conscious.
ANSWER: True
26. The Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) is a stage model focused on how people come to the decision to take action, and translate the decision into action.
ANSWER: True
27. An ex-smoker who believes that she can turn down a cigarette after a meal is said to have high self-efficacy.
ANSWER: True
28. Motivation to change and self-regulatory processes are two phases of the Health Action Process Model (HAPA).
ANSWER: True
31. Expectancies are values that individuals place on an expected outcome.
ANSWER: True