HT Internship Presentation 1

What do you think are some Warning Signs that a person may be the victim of Human Trafficking? (PUT THE IDEAS OFFERED ON LARGE WHITE PADS)

((((Identify any that are in the list below, and say "GREAT, THESE ARE ALL ON THE LIST HAVE HERE. THE ONES I HAVE HERE ARE ONES GIVEN TO HOSPITALS, SCHOOLS, and LAW ENFORCEMENT TO BE AWARE OF":))))

What do you think would be Individual Risk Factors which could make a person more likely to be a victim of human trafficking or sexual exploitation? (PUT THE IDEAS OFFERED ON LARGE WHITE PADS)

((((Identify any that are in the list below, and say "GREAT, THESE ARE ALL ON THE LIST I HAVE HERE. SOME OTHERS ARE":)))) *LOOK AT LIST 1*

So these read flags are: *LOOK AT LIST 2*

And again, when you hear these questions, think if they apply to you, or you in the past, or a friend or family member

What is a "risk factor"?

Any characteristic of an individual that increases the likelihood of them developing a disease, or an injury, or becoming a victim of certain types of crime or abuse. Example of a Risk Factor for cancer is smoking

TRUE OR FALSE: If a girl is 16 and she has willingly decided to work for a pimp that does not use force, fraud or coercion in any way, she is a child prostitute and cannot be considered a victim of human trafficking.

FALSE Anyone under 18 is a CHILD. Any child that is being sexually exploited is automatically considered a victim of human trafficking automatically, even if there is no force, fraud or coercion. *Consent is irrelevant*!!!

TRUE OR FALSE: A person cannot be considered a trafficking victim unless there is evidence of physical violence or kidnapping.

FALSE As you know, many victims are controlled by traffickers through psychological means, such as threats of violence, manipulation, and lies In many cases, traffickers use a combination of direct violence and mental abuse. The federal definition of the crime, as defined in the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) of 2000, was created to address the wider spectrum of methods of control used by traffickers *BEYOND "bodily harm."* (This can even include manipulating a person's religious beliefs or superstitions to compel service).

TRUE OR FALSE: Only girls who are brought in from foreign countries to perform prostitution can be considered victims of human trafficking.

FALSE It can also happen to boys, men and women, and transgender individuals. The majority of human trafficking in the U.S. is domestic - which means most victims are from the U.S. (People can be victims of "labor trafficking" as well, where they are compelled to work for little or no money). People can be single or married, impoverished or wealthy, children, adults and the elderly, handicapped, and from ANY race.

TRUE OR FALSE: A woman that is staying at a hotel cannot be a victim of human trafficking because she's obviously not being held against her will.

FALSE Most people get this wrong. A person can be a victim of human trafficking even if there are no elements of physical restraint, physical force, or physical bondage. Being kidnapped, locked up, or chained is not required to be a victim of trafficking. People can be held through psychological means. This misconception is one of the biggest reason more victims of human trafficking are not identified.

TRUE OR FALSE: Victims of human trafficking will always immediately identify themselves as victims to potential rescuers and are desperate to escape.

FALSE Often victims do not identify themselves as trafficking victims due to a lack of knowledge, lack of trust, self-blame, instilled fears of consequences, or specific instructions by the traffickers Sometimes victims have a traumatic bond with their captors and want to stay. Sometimes it takes years of healing before victims understand that they were victims, that they were manipulated and coerced, and that coercion is not the same as consent Victims frequently blame themselves and feel shame when they shouldn't. Sometimes it can take years before survivors understand that their experience qualifies as human trafficking.

TRUE OR FALSE: A person who is paid for his or her work in the commercial sex industry cannot be considered a victim of human trafficking.

FALSE Paying a victim does not invalidate the crime of human trafficking if there is evidence of exploitation, force, fraud, deception, abuse of power, or coercion.

The second group of questions is about a *person's History of Sex Work* (A person who has VOLUNTARILY worked in the adult entertainment, like a strip club, or in pornography may have done this of their own free will. Also, prostitution, if done voluntarily, is not Human Trafficking or Sex Trafficking)

However, sometimes, a person may have been forced to do this work (strip, porn, or prostitution). It may be physical force, but it can be psychological force, what we identify as force, fraud or coercion

Let's take a quick poll to see what is known about Human Trafficking. As I read these questions, use the white index cards to write down any question you may have, OR, if something like this may have happened to you or someone you know. You will keep the cards and you won't have to discuss if you don't want to

Once we are done the group, we can meet with you individually to discuss the presentation more at length. Or, if you think you'd like more information at a later time, we'll leave a sign-in sheet for you to put your name and we, or another intern can talk to you at another time.

For example... did a guy tell you he wanted to take some unclothed photographs of you, but those photos led to performing some kind of sex act? Did the guy make money from the sex act you did? Did the guy give you a place to stay, or food to eat, or did they give you drugs in return for the sex act you did? Did the guy who gave you drugs know you had an addiction and purposely not give you, or tell you he would not give you drugs if you did not do what he wanted? If so, this meets the definition of Sex Trafficking.

Sex Traffickers may tell you that they are a "pimp". They mays say you work for them. Or it is a business. But a pimp is a trafficker by law if they use force, fraud or coercion to get you to do a sex act and make any kind of profit from it

Sex trafficking is the crime of using FORCE, FRAUD, or COERCION to induce another individual to perform commercial sex. Some common types include: - Escort services, pornography, illicit massage businesses, brothels, or outdoor solicitation

Sex traffickers use threats, manipulation, lies, debt bondage, and other forms of coercion to COMPEL adults and/or children to engage in commercial sex acts against their will

So these Red Flags are about what is happening to you while you are here, if you have been here or in another prison system before, or if you know someone who experienced these things while in Delaware or another prison system: *LOOK AT LIST 4*

So that concludes our presentation. if you would like to look more into human trafficking, we have brochures available. we can also provide you with other resources through the DOC counselors or the Connections Reentry Navigators to assist you before you transition to the community. i, along with the other interns are available to meet with you guys one-on-one if you would like to discuss anything in private, or just want some more information. THANK YOU!!!

Hi! my name is Dani and I am a senior at the University of Delaware I was extremely interested in being a part of this internship because I am a criminal justice major and want to get involved in helping those within the criminal justice system and also looking for a potential career

So this presentation is about Human Trafficking. It is meant to educate you and help you identify risk factors and warning signs.

FIRST QUESTION- TRUE OR FALSE: A trafficking victim might be free to go places, appear happy, and even advertise for more customers?

TRUE Human trafficking is about EXPLOITATION. Not movement. Not restraint. Human trafficking can be compelled by force, fraud, deception, abuse of power, or coercion - which includes psychological coercion. Also, as we know prostituted women are required to appear happy. Sometimes trafficked individuals are compelled to advertise because they are under pressure to bring in money.

TRUE OR FALSE: Pimp-controlled prostitution is a form of human trafficking.

TRUE RARELY is there a case where a pimp is nothing more than a kind facilitator. Any woman whose actions are controlled and coerced by a pimp can be considered a victim of human trafficking regardless of whether she received money (This is hard for people to understand, but it is key in identifying victims of trafficking). Just because a woman appears to be prostituting herself *does not mean she is free*.

TRUE OR FALSE: A woman who agrees to engage in prostitution can still be a victim of human trafficking.

TRUE REMEMBER, it is IMPOSSIBLE to consent to being trafficked. If fraud, coercion, or force was used to compel service, evidence of consent is irrelevant and cannot be used as a defense.

As we go through these, write down on the INDEX CARD if you have any of the red flags which sound familiar to you or sound like something that may have happened to you or someone you know. some of these descriptions may sound weird so if you don't understand any of them just ask and we can discuss more about what they mean!

The first group of questions about Red Flags is about *work and Common Work and Living Conditions in Community* FIRST QUESTION: Is a person free to leave or come and go as they wish at home or work? NEXT QUESTION: Do high security measures exist at work and/or living locations (e.g. opaque windows, boarded up windows, bars on windows, barbed wire, security cameras, etc.)?

Human Trafficking is a crime! The Department of Corrections has evidence that this crime has been committed against women within the criminal justice system. It does not have to involve movement or transportation, but it does involve three important terms: FORCE, FRAUD, and COERCION

There are several types of human trafficking that occur within the US. One is labor trafficking which is the crime of using FORCE, FRAUD, or COERCION to induce another individual to work or provide service... HOWEVER, the type of trafficking we are here to talk to you about today is SEX TRAFFICKING which is where a person is exploited sexually from profit

These Red Flags are about Mental Health or a Person's Behavior: (Remember, these are questions teachers, nurses & doctors, police officers, and probations officers are asking themselves about people they see or work with) - Is the person fearful, anxious, depressed, submissive, tense, or nervous/paranoid? - Does the person avoid eye contact?

These NEXT Red Flags are about a person's Physical Health. All types of people have health problems. But, if a person is being trafficked, they are more likely to be assaulted, raped, and otherwise physically abused. They are at higher risk of having sexually transmitted infections (STI's) and, Hepatitis, HIV, and unexpected/unwanted pregnancies. They also are less likely to take care of their physical health, or not likely to seek medical care until symptoms become severe So the Red Flags are: *LOOK AT LIST 3*

Some pimps may give you things and tell you they love you. That may last a while, but at a point, *they tell you what they NEED you to do*. They may eventually use force (smack you, choke you, punch you). Some pimps may use force immediately. Other pimps may force you to work for them by THREAT of an addiction and being CUT OFF from a regular supply of a drug or alcohol

This set of Red Flags are on this list because if you have participated in sex work, voluntarily, YOU may be more susceptible to being trafficked!

The situations that sex trafficking victims face, vary. Many victims begin by being romantically involved with someone who eventually forces or manipulates them into prostitution. Others can be lured in with false promises of a job, or just for a place to stay if they have nowhere to go. Some are forced to sell sex by their family members because they need the money

Victims can be involved in trafficking situations for a few days, weeks, or even years some situations involve extreme force, while others do not

What are RED FLAGS?

Warning signs- right?

The last part of our presentation is about persons, especially women, when they are incarcerated. These Red Flags are about men in the community, who find out what women in prison are vulnerable, and use this vulnerability to exploit them.

We know that: - women who have been in Delaware's prison system have been the victims of sex trafficking. - some women have been identified by their name being part of an arrest that was covered by a newspaper. - some women have had friends or family in the community help a Trafficker make contact with a woman who was inside a facility. - women have left the prison system without a place to live, or money to support themselves and we know that these Traffickers have taken them in and eventually Trafficked them for a place to stay, or for something to eat, or for a drug addiction to to feed. - some Traffickers have written directly to their victims inside BWCI. - some Traffickers have put money on the books for women in BWCI. - some other women inside BWCI have recruited victims for Traffickers they may know in the community.