Human A&P Test 1 Questions

13. A condition NOT regulated by a negative feedback loop would be: A) childbirth B) body temperature C) blood pressure D) heart rate E) blood sugar

Ans: A Childbirth

16. The brain is located in the A) cranial cavity. B) vertebral cavity. C) abdominal cavity. D) pericardial cavity. E) pleural cavity.

Ans: A Cranial Cavity

51. Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of the chemical regulators in the blood? A) endocrinology B) cardiovascular physiology C) neurophysiology D) immunology E) pathophysiology

Ans: A Endocrinology

53. Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of changes in organ functions due to muscular activity? A) exercise physiology B) renal physiology C) neurophysiology D) immunology E) pathophysiology

Ans: A Exercise physiology

23. This plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions. A) frontal B) sagittal C) transverse D) oblique E) midsagittal

Ans: A Frontal

37. The ribs are ______ to the sternum. A) lateral B) medial C) proximal D) distal E) superior

Ans: A Lateral

5. This is the sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body. A) metabolism B) anabolism C) catabolism D) auscultation E) palpation

Ans: A Metabolism

59. Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the ear? A) otic B) orbital C) ocular D) oral E) occipital

Ans: A Otic

62. Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the thumb? A) pollex B) tarsal C) hallux D) volar E) carpal

Ans: A Pollex

39. The humerus is _____ to the radius. A) proximal B) distal C) medial D) inferior E) anterior

Ans: A Proximal

12. This is the structure of a feedback system that provides input to the control center. A) receptor B) muscle C) response D) effector E) efferent pathway

Ans: A Receptor

27. This directional term is the opposite of deep. A) superficial B) superior C) inferior D) distal E) proximal

Ans: A Superficial

2. This is defined as a group of cells that work together to perform a particular function. A) tissue B) organ C) molecules D) compounds E) organism

Ans: A Tissue

10. Describe the differences between positive and negative feedback systems.

Ans: A positive feedback system will strengthen or reinforce a change in one of the body's controlled conditions while a negative feedback system will reverse a change in a controlled condition.

58. Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the front of the elbow? A) olecranal B) antecubital C) carpal D) digital E) antebrachial

Ans: B Antecubital

29. Choose the directional term that would make the following sentence correct. The sternum is ____ to the heart. A) posterior B) anterior C) inferior D) superior E) lateral

Ans: B Anterior

22. This plane divides the body into equal right and left halves. A) frontal B) midsagittal C) transverse D) oblique E) coronal

Ans: B Midsagittal

8. The two organ systems that regulate and maintain homeostasis are the A) cardiovascular and integumentary systems. B) nervous and endocrine systems. C) cardiovascular and respiratory systems. D) respiratory and muscular systems. E) urinary and integumentary systems.

Ans: B Nervous and endocrine systems

94. Which of the following structures or regions could you clearly see when you are viewing the anterior side of an individual standing in the standard anatomical position? A) shoulder blade B) palm of the hand C) plantar surface of foot D) popliteal region of the knee E) gluteal region

Ans: B Palm of the hand

3. Using your fingers to find your pulse on your wrist is an example of A) auscultation. B) palpation. C) percussion. D) laparoscopy. E) electrocardiography.

Ans: B Palpation

1. This is the study of the functions of body structures. A) anatomy B) physiology C) endocrinology D) histology E) immunology

Ans: B Physiology

52. Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of functions of the kidneys? A) exercise physiology B) renal physiology C) neurophysiology D) immunology E) pathophysiology

Ans: B Renal physiology

86. During a visit to your doctor, you complain about headache and nausea. These changes in your body functions are considered to be A) signs. B) symptoms. C) pharmacology. D) controlled condition. E) epidemiology.

Ans: B Symptoms

70. What is the name of the serous membrane in closest proximity to the lungs? A) parietal pleura B) visceral pleura C) parietal pericardium D) visceral pericardium E) mediastinum

Ans: B Visceral pleura

89. Which of the following organs contains the control center for the feedback system that regulates blood pressure? A) skin B) arteries C) brain D) heart E) pituitary gland

Ans: C Brain

61. Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the great toe? A) pollex B) tarsal C) hallux D) pedal E) carpal

Ans: C Hallux

7. This is the condition of equilibrium (balance) in the body's internal environment. A) palpation B) metabolism C) homeostasis D) autopsy E) differentiation

Ans: C Homeostasis

9. The composition of this body fluid, which fills the narrow spaces between cells and tissues, directly affects the proper functioning of cells. A) lymph B) blood plasma C) interstitial fluid D) intracellular fluid E) vitreous body

Ans: C Interstitial fluid

50. Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of the functional properties of nerve cells? A) endocrinology B) cardiovascular physiology C) neurophysiology D) immunology E) pathophysiology

Ans: C Neurophysiology

93. Which of the following correctly list the levels of structural organization in the human body from largest to smallest? A) chemical - cellular - tissue - organ - organ system - organism B) cellular - chemical - tissue - organ - organ system - organism C) organism - organ system - organ - tissue - cellular - chemical D) organ - organ system - organism - tissue - cellular - chemical E) tissue - cellular - organ - organ system - organism - chemical

Ans: C Organism - organ system - organ - tissue - cellular - chemical

71. What is the name of the outer layer of the serous membrane that surrounds the heart? A) diaphragm B) visceral pleura C) parietal pericardium D) visceral pericardium E) mediastinum

Ans: C Parietal pericardium

54. Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of functional changes associated with disease and aging? A) exercise physiology B) renal physiology C) pathophysiology D) cardiovascular physiology E) immunology

Ans: C Pathophysiology

18. The stomach is located in the A) cranial cavity. B) vertebral cavity. C) abdominal cavity. D) pericardial cavity. E) pleural cavity

Ans: C Pericardial cavity

85. Feeling the presence of a mosquito biting your arm is an example of A) growth. B) movement. C) responsiveness. D) reproduction. E) differentiation.

Ans: C Responsiveness

24. A transverse plane will cut a body or organ into A) anterior and posterior portions. B) left and right portions. C) superior and inferior portions. D) portions separated at an angle to its longitudinal axis. E) unequal left and right portions.

Ans: C Superior and inferior portions

95. Which of the following is a safe non-invasive imaging technique that uses the reflection of high frequency sound waves off of body tissues to visualize a fetus during pregnancy? A) computed tomography B) magnetic resonance imaging C) ultrasound scanning D) radionuclide scanning E) amniocentesis

Ans: C Ultrasound scanning

11. This is the structure of a feedback system that receives output from the control center. A) receptor B) stimulus C) response D) effector E) efferent pathway

Ans: D Effector

49. Which of the following noninvasive diagnostic techniques is an example of inspection? A) tapping and listening for an echo to detect fluid in the lungs B) feeling the abdomen to detect tender organs C) listening for crackling sounds during breathing D) examining the surface of patient's skin for presence of a rash E) feeling the gonads to detect abnormal masses

Ans: D Examining the surface of patients's skin for presence of a rash

4. Percussion techniques can be used to detect A) heart beats. B) pulse rate. C) arthritis. D) fluid in the lungs. E) enlarged organs.

Ans: D Fluid in the lungs

88. Which of the following describes a body process that is controlled using a positive feedback loop? A) increasing body temperature in response to a drop in body temperature B) decreasing body temperature in response to elevated body temperature C) decreasing blood [glucose] in response to elevated blood [glucose] D) increasing strength of uterine contractions in response to cervical stretch E) decreasing heart rate in response to elevated blood pressure

Ans: D Increasing strength of uterine contractions in response to cervical stretch

92. Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic types of tissues found in the human body? A) epithelial tissue B) connective tissue C) muscular tissue D) necrotic tissue E) nervous tissue

Ans: D Necrotic tissue

56. Which subspecialty of anatomy deals with the study of structural changes associated with disease? A) embryology B) developmental biology C) radiographic anatomy D) pathological anatomy E) immunology

Ans: D Pathological Anatomy

20. Which cavity contains the heart? A) cranial cavity B) vertebral cavity C) abdominal cavity D) pericardial cavity E) pleural cavity

Ans: D Pericardial cavity

60. Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the body region between the anus and the external genitals? A) gluteal B) crural C) lumbar D) perineal E) inguinal

Ans: D Perineal

21. The function of the secretions of a serous membrane, like the pleura, is to A) separate the thoracic and abdominal cavities. B) protect the central nervous system. C) prevent infection. D) reduce friction between neighboring organs. E) carry nervous impulses.

Ans: D Reduce friction between neighboring organs.

28. Choose the directional term that would make the following sentence correct. The heart is _____ to the liver. A) inferior B) anterior C) contralateral D) superior E) superficial

Ans: D Superior

84. Which of the following is an example of the basic life process called growth? 1 muscle contraction 2 digestion of proteins 3 lifting weights and gaining muscle mass 4 mineral deposits accumulating between bone cells to cause a bone to lengthen A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 4 only E) 3 and 4

Ans: E 3 and 4 only

30. Which of the following organs is not found in the abdominal cavity? A) stomach B) spleen C) liver D) gallbladder E) diaphragm

Ans: E Diaphragm

87. An embryonic stem cell undergoes ______ to become a neuron. A) catabolism B) growth C) reproduction D) anabolism E) differentiation

Ans: E Differentiation

26. This directional term means farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk or farther from the origination of a structure. A) deep B) contralateral C) lateral D) cephalic E) distal

Ans: E Distal

55. Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of the body's defense against disease-causing agents? A) exercise physiology B) renal physiology C) pathophysiology D) cardiovascular physiology E) immunology

Ans: E Immunology

57. Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the groin? A) pelvic B) umbilical C) sternal D) otic E) inguinal

Ans: E Inguinal

25. This directional term means farther from the midline. A) medial B) anterior C) proximal D) deep E) lateral

Ans: E Lateral

96. Mammography and bone densitometry are good examples of which of the following types of medical imaging. A) computed tomography B) magnetic resonance imaging C) ultrasound scanning D) radionuclide scanning E) low-dose radiography

Ans: E Low-dose radiography

91. Which of the following represents the largest and most complex level of structural organization in the human body? A) chemical level B) cellular level C) tissue level D) organ level E) organismal level

Ans: E Organismal level

19. This cavity is located inferior to the abdominal cavity. A) vertebral canal B) cranial cavity C) abdominal cavity D) pericardial cavity E) pelvic cavity

Ans: E Pelvic cavity

31. This serous membrane covers the viscera within the abdominal cavity, and lines the abdominal wall and the inferior surface of the diaphragm. A) pericardium B) pleura C) mediastinum D) dura mater E) peritoneum

Ans: E Peritoneum

17. The lungs are located in the A) cranial cavity. B) vertebral cavity. C) abdominal cavity. D) pericardial cavity. E) pleural cavity.

Ans: E Pleural cavity

14. Objective changes in a patient's normal body function that can be directly observed or measured by a clinician are referred to as A) symptoms. B) disorders. C) disturbance. D) diseases E) signs.

Ans: E Signs

38. The stomach is ____ to the urinary bladder. A) lateral B) medial C) distal D) inferior E) superior

Ans: E Superior

90. Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of a negative feedback system? A) regulates conditions in body that remain fairly stable over long periods B) important in maintaining homeostasis C) involves control centers in the nervous or endocrine systems D) stimulates changes that reverse the direction of the stimulus E) usually requires an event outside the feedback system to shut it off

Ans: E Usually requires an event outside the feedback system to shut it off

15. Describe the anatomical position.

In the anatomical position, the subject stands erect facing the observer with the head level and the eyes facing forward. The feet are flat on the floor and directed forward and the arms are at the sides with the palms turned forward.

6. List the basic processes of life.

The basic processes of life include: metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation and reproduction.

45. List the eleven organ systems of the human body.

The eleven organ systems of the human body include the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, digestive, urinary, respiratory, immune and lymphatic, cardiovascular, endocrine, and reproductive systems.