Human Anatomy
Friction ridges on the tips of fingers are known as ______. conical pegs dermal papillae sensory receptors fingerprints
Fingerprints
______ cuts to the lines of cleavage often results in slow healing and increased scarring. Parallel angles Perpendicular
Perpendicular
The anatomy name for a single hair is also called a(n)
Pilus
Which is a usual treatment for first-degree burns? applying cool compresses skin grafting complete bed rest breaking blisters
applying cool compresses
The predominant type of protein fiber found in the dermis is ______. melanin elastin collagen keratin
collagen
The exposed parts of nails and hair are composed of ______, keratinized cells. living dead
dead
Merocrine sweat production ______ during the aging process. stays the same diminishes stops increases
diminishes
In the second step of wound healing, a blood clot temporarily patches the ______ of the wound together and acts as a barrier to prevent the entry of ______ into the body. collagen, macrophages hypodermis, macrophages edges, pathogens
edges, pathogens
The dermal papillae interlock with deep projections of the epidermis called ______. epidermal ridges collagen fibers melanosomes keratinocytes
epidermal ridges
Second-degree burns involve the ______ and part of the ______. epidermis, dermis dermis, subcutaneous tissue subcutaneous tissue, fascia
epidermis, dermis
There are two types of melanin, _________ and pheomelanin, together they produce various ratios of yellow, reddish, tan, brown, and black shades. carotene eumelanin hemoglobin
eumelanin
Nerve fibers in skin control ______. Select all that apply. blood flow melanocyte growth gland secretion rates keratin production
gland recreation rates
Excessive hair growth is called ______. alopecia hirsutism
hirsutism
The cells of the stratum corneum contain large amounts of the protein called ______. reticulin keratin collagen elastin
keratin
During our lives, we produce three kinds of hair, which are ______ and terminal hair. lanugo, vellus sweat, oil eccrine, apocrine carotene, melanin
lanugo, vellus
Melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes in the stratum basale via the process of ______ or exocytosis. Endocytosis pinocytosis phagocytosis osmosis
phagocytosis
The secretions of sebaceous glands, called ______ is usually deposited into a ______. sebum, hair follicle cerumen, axilla sweat, hair follicle hormone, hair follicle
sebum, hair follicle
Which layer is the most superficial in the epidermis? Stratum spinosum Stratum corneum Stratum basale Stratum lucidum
stratum corneum
The active growing phase of the hair growth cycle is called the ______ phase. catagen telogen anagen
anagen
Skin becomes drier and sometimes scaly because of ______ diminishes the amounts of natural skin lubricants. decreased endocrine gland activity decreased merocrine gland activity decreased apocrine gland activity decreased sebaceous gland activity
decrease sebaceous activity
The vascular connective tissue that initially forms in a healing wound is called ______. epidermal tissue reticular tissue granulation tissue osseous tissue
granulation tissue
The subcutaneous layer is also known as the ______ or superficial fascia. reticular layer papillary layer epidermis hypodermis
hypordermis
Melanin is transferred in membrane-bound vesicles from _____ to keratinocytes in the stratum basale. melanocytes Merkel cells dendritic cells keratinocytes
melanocytes
The ______ layer of the dermis contains areolar connective tissue and dermal papillae. epidermis subcutaneous reticular papillary
papillary
The secretion produced by apocrine sweat glands is viscous, cloudy, and composed of ______ that are acted upon by bacteria, producing a distinct, noticeable odor. phospholipids and cholesterol proteins and lipids carbohydrates and lipids glycoproteins and phospholipids
proteins and lipids
As an individual ages, the skin repair processes take longer to complete because of the reduced number and activity of _______ cells. melanocytes stem fibroblasts dendritic
stem
Differences in hair density are due primarily to differences in its ______ and ______. dryness, distribution texture, pigmentation length, distribution
texture, pigmentation
The major function of merocrine sweat glands is ______. vitamin production thermoregulation absorption insulation
thermoregulation
At puberty, terminal hair replaces ______ hair in the armpits and pubic regions of the body. lanugo vellus melanin papillary
vellus
The apocrine sweat glands become active and produce secretory product after ______. childhood infancy puberty adulthood
Puberty
Hemoglobin exhibits a _______ color Red Yellow Brown Tan
Red
Which are functions of the subcutaneous layer? Select all that apply. Thermal insulation Protection Energy reservoir Red blood cell production
Thermal insulation Protection Energy reservoir
The main structural components of the reticular layer is primarily a network of ______ fibers that extend internally from the reticular layer of the dermis into the underlying subcutaneous layer. reticular cartilage collagen elastic
collagen
The specific orientation of ______ fiber bundles in the dermis is a result of the direction of applied ______ during routine movements. collagen, stress reticulin, pressure elastin, tension
collagen, stress
Sebaceous glands are classified as ______ glands that discharge an oily, waxy secretion called ______. merocrine, hormone merocrine, cerumen merocrine, sweat holocrine, sebum apocrine, sweat
holocrine, sebum
On many parts of the body, the components of the dermis include blood vessels, ______ glands, ______ glands, hair follicles, nail roots, sensory nerve endings, and smooth muscle tissue. sweat, sebaceous ceruminous, skeletal mammary, cardiac
sweat, sebaceous
The skin houses two types of general exocrine glands, which are ________ glands and _______ glands. sweat, sebaceous merocrine, sweat ceruminous, mammary apocrine, merocrine
sweat, sebaceous
Healing of second degree burns takes approximately ______ weeks, and slight scarring may occur. 5-7 8-10 2-4 11-14
2-4
Skin repair and regeneration usually takes about ______ weeks in a healthy young person but can often take ______ that time for a person in his or her 70s. 3, twice 6, four times 5, three times 4, three times
3, twice
The catagen phase is a very short phase and lasts for about ______ weeks. 5-8 9-12 1-2 3-4
3-4
The telogen phase of the hair growth cycle lasts for about ______ months. 3-4 1-2 6-8 9-12
3-4
What are the three phases of the hair growth cycle? Anagen, alopecia, catagen Anaphase, catagen, and telogen Anagen, catagen, and telogen Alopecia, catagen, and telogen
Anagen, catagen, telogen
A hemangioma is a congenital anomaly that results in skin discoloration due to ______ that proliferate and form a benign tumor. cartilage cells connective tissue epidermal cells blood vessels
Blood Vessels
A type of gland associated with a hair follicle is usually a ______ gland. sweat sebaceous
Sebaceous
The epidermis of thin skin ranges in thickness from ______ millimeters to ______ millimeters thick 0.075, 0.150 0.5, 1.0 6, 10 2, 4
0.075, 0.150
Carotene exhibits a ______ color. red or black white or tan blue or green yellow or orange
Yellow or orange
Hair loss that is normally the result of aging is called ______. hirsutism alopecia telogen patterned
alopecia
In the second step of wound healing, a ______ forms. cystosis scar blood clot fibrosis
blood clot
In the nails, the lunula appears whitish because a thickened underlying stratum basale obscures the underlying ______. blood vessels nerves elastic fibers collagen fibers
blood vessels
Epidermal accessory organs are located in the ______ and may project through the ______ to the surface of skin. dermis, epidermis underlying muscle, dermis hypodermis, epidermis
dermis,epidermis
Gray hair results from the gradual reduction of ______ production. keratin melanin carotene hemoglobin
melanin
The color of hair is the result of ______. melanin production carotene production hemoglobin protein production
melanin production
Merocrine sweat glands are classified as ______ glands that release their secretion onto the surface of the skin. compound, tubuloacinar compound, acinar simple, branched, tubular simple, coiled, tubular
simple, coiled, tubular
The two main functions of hair are______.
Protection and heat retention
Place the following layers of thin skin on order from superficial to deep. Stratum granulosum stratum corneum stratum spinosum stratum basale
1. Stratum Corneum 2. Stratum Granulosum 3. Stratum Spinosum 4. Stratum Basale
In male pattern baldness, hair is first lost mainly from the ______ region of the scalp.
Crown
If skin is exposed to sunlight over extended periods, the UV rays can damage ______ in epidermal cells. DNA rough ER cytoskeleton nuclear pores
DNA
The two types of sweat glands in the skin are ______ sweat glands and ______ sweat glands. holocrine, ceruminous eccrine, sebaceous apocrine, mammary merocrine, apocrine
merocrine, apocrine
In children, ______ is the primary human hair and is found on most of the body. lanugo vellus terminal
vellus
________ skin contains the following accessories: nails, hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.
Thin
Nerve fibers in the skin monitor sensory receptors in the ______. dermis and underlying bone dermis and epidermis epidermis, dermis, and underlying bone
dermis and epidermis
The whitish semilunar area of the proximal end of the nail body is called the ______. semilunar lunula eclipse lunar
lunula
The most numerous and widely distributed sweat glands in the body are ______. endocrine sweat glands mammary glands merocrine sweat glands apocrine sweat glands sebaceous glands
merocrine sweat glands
The accessory organs of the epidermis are hair, ______, ______ glands and sweat glands. nails, sebaceous papillae, eccrine collagen, mammary stratum corneum, basale
nails, sebaceous
Sebaceous glands produce (an) ______ material that coats hair shafts and the epidermal surface slimy watery slippery oily
oily
First-degree burns involve only the ______ and are characterized by ______, pain, and slight edema (swelling). epidermis, redness dermis, bruising hypodermis, bleeding
only involve the epidermis and are characterized by redness, pain, and slight edema
The reticular layer of the dermis is ______. superficial to the papillary layer deep to the papillary layer
deep to the papillary layer
On a normal scalp, about _______% of follicles are in the anagen phase. 60-70 50-60 80-95 70-80
80-95
Anagen is the longest part of the growth cycle and lasts from about ______ months to as much as ______ years, depending on the genetics of the person. 2/2 3/5 18/7 7/9
18/7
Match the structures of hair to their specific functions. Instructions . Protection . Heat retention . Sensory reception Visual identification Scalp hair covers the scalp and shields it from sunburn and injury. Color and density of hairs of scalp Hair root plexuses Blanket of thick hair on scalp
Protection-Scalp hair covers the scalp and shields it from sunburn and injury. . Heat retention-Blanket of thick hair on scalp . Sensory reception-Hair root plexuses Visual identification-Color and density of hairs of scalp
As a person ages, the production of ______ glands in the skin decreases resulting in dry skin. merocrine sweat eccrine sweat apocrine sweat sebaceous
Sebaceous
_____ hair is the type of hair that grows on the scalp, and is also the hair of eyebrows and pubic region. In men, it also grows on the face. Terminal Lanugo Vellus Melanin
Terminal
