Human Biology Chapter 5
arteries
-carry blood away from the heart -includes aorta -thick muscular walls
capillaries
-permit exchange of material with the tissues -join arterioles to venules -may be bypassed by arteriovenous shunts
veins
-return blood to the heart -have valves that regulate the flow of blood -blood flow due to skeletal muscle contraction
How is the structure of veins different from arteries
Veins carry blood at a lower pressure and can function with thinner walls with less muscle and elastic fiber. They have valves to help move the blood back to the heart
Blood moves from the atria to the ventricles through which valves?
atrioventricular valves
aorta and pulmonary veins
attached to left side of the heart
vena cava and pulmonary trunk
attached to the right side of the heart
superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
carry oxygen-poor blood that is high in carbon dioxide from body veins to the right atrium
four pulmonary veins
carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs, enters the left atrium
right atrum
chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood returning from the body sends blood through the triscuspid valve to the right ventricle
Heart
cone-shaped, muscular organ located between the lunch, directly behind the sternum (breastbone).
Intercalated discs
contain gap junctions that allow muscle cells to simultaneously contract
Myocardium
interion wall of tissue
Blood received into the heart from the systemic circuit is
low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide
blood vessels
red if they carry O2- rich blood blue if they carry O2-poor blood
Blood from the systemic circuit enters the heart and flows into the ______ before being pumped into the lungs.
right atrium, and then the right ventricle
left ventricle
send blood through the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta to the rest of the body
right ventricle
send blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary trunk and through the two pulmonary arteries to the lungs
The pulmonary circuit delivers blood to and from _____, while the systemic circuit delivers blood to and from _____.
the lugs; the tissues of the body
Blood leaving the left ventricle enters ______, while blood leaving the right ventricle enters ______.
the systemic system; the pulmonary system
