Human Body Systems
Villi
This can be found in the lining of the small intestine and contains capillaries and lymphatic vessels that aid in absorption of nutrients?
Reproductive System
This organ system produces gametes and then transports them to a place where fertilization can occur.
Connective
This tissue stores essential vitamins and nutrients for use in the body.
Muscle
This tissue type is primarily responsible for internal and external movement of the body and its internal components.
Nervous
This type of tissue conducts IMPULSES and transmits electricalchemical signals throughout the body to direct movement and function.
Movement, Warmth, Posture
Three functions of the muscular system are ____________, ___________, and ______________.
blood
Waste is removed from the _________ by the kidney and excreted through urine.
Excretory system
the body system that helps rid the body of wastes, toxins, and excess water or nutrients; major organs include kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, skin, and lungs
Right
Deoxygenated blood circulates through the __________ side of the heart.
regulates metabolism and development
Describe the main function of the thyroid gland.
sperm
Male gamete is referred to as __________.
Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous
Name the four types of tissue found in the human body.
Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac
Name the three muscle types in the human body?
Zygote
Once an egg is fertilized is called a ____________.
Left
Oxygenated blood circulates through the __________ side of the heart.
lower brain stem (midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata)
Portion of the brain that relays information and helps maintain homeostasis (heart rate, breathing rate, body temperature, and sleep).
Red
Red marrow produces __________ blood cells.
multinucleated
Skeletal muscle tissue consists of long, straight _____________ cells with bands, or "striations."
Muscular
The "Deltoid" is part of which organ system?
cerebrum
The __________ is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for memory, intelligence, learning and judgment.
Organ
The circulatory system is also known an ___________ system.
cardiovascular, lymphatic
The circulatory system is comprised of both the ____________ system and the _____________ system.
embryo
The division of a zygote results in the creation of an ___________.
Central Nervous System, Peripheral Nervous System
The human nervous system is comprised of two subsystems known as the ________ and ________
Excretory
The kidney is part of which organ system?
cerebrum
The largest part of the brain is known as the ___________.
Small Intestine
The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the ______________.
Excretory
The organ system containing the skin, lungs, and kidneys is known as the ___________ system.
Digestive
The organ system that is made up the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine is called the __________ system.
ovaries
The primary female reproductive organs are known as the ___________.
testes (testicals)
The primary male reproductive organs are known as the ___________.
interferon
The protein ____________ from cells infected by viruses stimulates surrounding cells to produce enzymes making them immune from the attacking virus.
cover
The word integument is derived from a Latin word meaning to _________.
Skeletal system
the body system that protect and supports the body; has five functions - provides shape and support, allows movement, protects tissues and organs, stores certain materials, produces blood cells; major organs include the bones
Muscular system
the body system that supports the body and enables it to move; major organs include skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, cardiac muscles
Digestive system
the body system that takes in, breaks down, and absorbs nutrients that are necessary for growth and maintenance; major organs include mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum/anus
Cell
the smallest unit of an organism that can perform life functions; may be specialized such as nerve, blood, or bone cells
Tissues
similar type cells that perform the same function (e.g. all muscle tissue contracts); four types - nerve, muscle, epithelial, connective
Respiratory system
the body system in which oxygen is brought into the body and carbon dioxide is released; major organs include nose, trachea, bronchi, lungs, diaphragm
Nervous system
the body system of specialized cells that carry messages throughout the body; directs behavior, movement, and processes of the body; major organs include brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
Circulatory system
the body system responsible for carrying materials through out the body; major organs include heart, blood vessels
Integumentary system
the body system that covers and protects the body; major organ is the skin and includes hair and nails
Epiglottis
A flap of cartilage which is depressed during swallowing to cover the opening of the windpipe/trachea?
Connective
Blood is considered to be a _____________ tissue.
red, yellow
Bone marrow can be found inside our bones and contains both _______ and _______ marrow.
nerves
Bundles of neurons are called __________.
puberty
Eggs are produced in the ovary and then released into the fallopian tube following the onset of ____________.
Removes waste from the body including toxic chemicals, excess water, carbon dioxide, and salts.
Explain the role of the excretory system.
To kill pathogens that can only survive in a narrow temperature range.
Explain why the body may raise temperature when invaded by a virus or bacteria?
integumentary system
Hair and nails are found in this organ system.
4
How many "main valves" are found in the human heart?
4
How many chambers are found in the human heart?
3
How many muscle types are found in the human body?
11
How many organ systems exist in the human body?
Dendrites, Axon
Impulse enter through neurons via the _________ and exit via the ____________.
Mechanical Digestion, Chemical Digestion, and Absorption
What are the three principle processes in digestion?
Skin and mucous membranes
What is the body's first layer of defense found in the immune system?
Cell body
What is the largest portion of a nerve cell?
Endocrine System
What organ system is responsible for producing hormones that travel through the blood stream and affect activities throughout the body.
Epithelial
What type of tissue can be found in the epidermis, dermis, and lining of the intestine?
Alveoli
Where does the oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occur within the lungs?
Pineal Gland
Which gland in the endocrine system is responsible for release of melatonin that regulates sleep?
Adrenal Gland
Which gland in the endocrine system regulates the body's stress response?
Respiratory System
Which organ system contains the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, and alveoli?
Skeletal
Which organ system functions to protect the internal organs?
White
Yellow marrow produces ___________ blood cells.
Organ systems
a group of two or more organs working together for a specific job; e.g. the digestive system
Organs
a structure made up of different types if tissues that work together to do a specific job; e.g. the heart is made of muscle and connective tissue
