HY 104 CH 15 inquisitive questions

How did the Reconstruction amendments change the Constitution?

-They established the federal government as the protector of rights. -They expanded the definition of citizenship to include non-whites.

Analyze the cartoon "Practical Illustration of the Virginia Constitution" (ca. 1870), and complete the following statement. _______ feared that Reconstruction would result in _______ schools and blacks having representation in the ________, including sitting on juries

Whites feared that Reconstruction would result in integrated schools and blacks having representation in the court system, including sitting on juries

How did Congress attempt to eradicate the power of the Ku Klux Klan?

enforcement acts

How did Congress attempt to eradicate the power of the Ku Klux Klan?

enforcement acts: Congress passed three versions of this law that outlawed terrorist societies and authorized the government to use military force against them. They defined crimes against the rights of citizenship as federal crimes rather than state law

The United States was the only society to experience problems with labor during the transition from slavery to freedom. T or F?

false

The former slaves defined freedom as the right to mobility, education, political participation, and ___________. Southern whites defined freedom as a ____________, not a right. Northern Republicans believed freedom was the right of labor to _________ and advance in society.

land ownership; privilege; compete

civil rights act of 1865

outlawed racial discrimination in places of public accommodation, like hotels and theaters

The Bargain of 1877 decided the election of 1876 in favor of the Republicans, while the Republicans promised to recognize Democratic control of the South, essentially ending Reconstruction. T or F?

true

The Fifteenth Amendment divided the women's movement, as some of its leaders, who were disappointed that it didn't enfranchise woman, separated from their former antislavery allies, while others stayed aligned with them in support of the greater cause for equal rights for all. T or F?

true

True or False; The Fifteenth Amendment prohibited the federal and state governments from denying any citizen the right to vote because of race

true

True or False; The Ku Klux Klan was a racially motivated terrorist organization that spread throughout the entire South during Reconstruction

true

Read and analyze the "Who Is An American?" document from the chapter titled "The Composite Nation," derived from an 1869 Frederick Douglass speech in Boston. In the speech, Douglass presented his vision for America. Select the specific excerpts below where Douglass argues for equal rights for people of all races and national origins

-"all shall here bow to the same law, speak the same language, support the same government, enjoy the same liberty." -"Would you have them naturalized, and have them invested with all the rights of American citizenship? I would. Would you allow them to hold office? I would."

Identify the groups the Ku Klux Klan targeted.

-African-American political leaders -white Republicans -blacks who became landowners

What does "The Barrow Plantation" map reveal about the realities of emancipation?

-Former slaves no longer lived in communal housing, but had their own quarters. -Former slaves built their own churches and schools on the plantation. -Former slaves occupied and farmed their own plots of land.

In 1876, Winslow Homer painted this imaginary scene between a former slave and a slaveowner. What does he suggest about the relationship among freedmen and former slaveowners in his painting?

-Freed blacks no longer had to show reverence to their former owners. -Freed blacks and former slaveowners still interacted frequently after emancipation.

Why did northern Republican support for Reconstruction diminish in the 1870s?

-Many northerners believed that the South should be able to solve its own problems. -Many believed that the federal government had created the conditions of freedom, and success was now up to blacks. -Many of the Radical Republicans who had established the Reconstruction plan had died.

carpetbaggers

-Northern whites relocated to the South after the Civil War. Southern whites believed they had come simply for economic gain. -Their name suggests they packed all of their belongings in a suitcase and left their homes eager to take advantage of opportunities in the South.an insulting term used to describe a northerner who moved to the south after the civil war

Why did southern planters and merchants oppose Reconstruction and the new state governments?

-Reconstruction governments were corrupt. -Southern whites could not accept the idea of blacks' equality. -Poor southern whites did not experience the improvement to their economic situation as they had hoped.

Which of the following are valid statements about the election of 1876?

-Samuel Tilden, the Democratic candidate, won the popular vote. -The disputed electoral votes were in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana

In what ways does the contract limit the freedom of the laborers?

-The freedmen are contractually obligated to "obey" the landowner. -The freedmen are required to compensate the landowner if they miss work for a day.

Read and analyze the "Voices of Freedom" document from the chapter titled "Petition of Committee in Behalf of the Freedmen to Andrew Johnson" (1865) What arguments did the black petitioners make when urging President Johnson to allocate land to them?

-The freedmen had worked the lands and therefore deserved ownership. -Land ownership was a vital element of citizenship.

scalawags

-These were wartime Unionists who cooperated with the Republicans to prevent "rebels" from returning to power. -Southern whites supported the Republican Party and were believed to be traitors to their race by many southern whites.

How did the new state constitutions drafted during Radical Reconstruction expand public responsibilities and provide for equal rights?

-They created state-run and funded institutions like orphanages, prisons, and homes for the insane .-They established a state-funded free public education system

List the following events of Reconstruction in chronological order

-Thirteenth Amendment -Civil Rights Bill of 1866 -Fourteenth Amendment -Ku Klux Klan established -Enforcement Acts

Identify the functions of the black churches in the Reconstruction South.

-a political gathering spot -a place of worship -housed schools -a place for social gatherings

Identify the components of Andrew Johnson's plan for Presidential Reconstruction

-abolition of slavery -pardon nearly all white southerners who took an oath of allegiance to the Union -appointment of provisional governors -refusal to pay Confederate debts -repudiation of secession -state conventions to establish new, loyal state governments

Identify some of the ways in which blacks demonstrated their freedom following the end of the Civil War

-by attending mass meetings and religious services -by traveling -by locating and reuniting with loved ones from whom they had been separated under slavery

Identify the statements below that describe the Reconstruction amendments

-consisted of three amendments, which ultimately led to the incorporation of black Americans into society as citizens -served as the constitutional basis for the civil rights movement of the 1960s

Identify the provisions of the Radical plan for Reconstruction

-creation of new state governments -temporary division of the South into military districts -state guarantees of black men's right to vote -the Fourteenth Amendment

Identify the statements that describe the objectives of the Freedmen's Bureau.

-establish schools for blacks -settle disputes between blacks and whites -secure equal treatment for blacks before the courts -provide aid to the poor and aged -reorganize abandoned and confiscated land in the South into forty-acre plots to allocate to former slaves

How did the Black Codes attempt to regulate the lives of former slaves?

-prohibited blacks from serving on juries -denied blacks the right to serve in state militias -not allowed blacks to vote -denied blacks right to testify in court against whites

Identify the statements that describe sharecropping

-required farmers to divide the crop with the landowner at the end of the year -preferred by former slaves because it allowed them to work without white supervision -guaranteed planters a stable labor force -a compromise between blacks' desire for landownership and whites' desire to discipline their labor force

Identify the factors that contributed to the weakening of northern support for Reconstruction.

-the Supreme Court's failure to fully uphold the rights of blacks -the economic depression of the early 1870s -the growth of Democratic power in Congress -northern journalists' depictions of the failure of southern black leadership

Why was education so important to freed blacks during this era?

-wanted opportunity to take part in politics -wanted to read the Bible -wanted to participate in the economic marketplace

The competing visions of Reconstruction between President Johnson and the Radical Republicans brought forth the nation's first impeachment charges. Place the following events in chronological order. Note that not all options must be used

1) Congress authorized the Tenure of Office Act in March 1867. 2) Johnson removed Secretary of War Edwin Stanton. 3) The House of Representatives initiated impeachment charges.

Read and analyze the "Who Is An American?" document from the chapter titled "The Composite Nation," derived from an 1869 Frederick Douglass speech in Boston. Complete the following statement. Douglass believed that the United States was a nation of _______ races. He believed that _________ and the right to hold office both were essential to freedom and citizenship. In this speech, in particular, Douglass argued for the rights and liberties of the _______ in America.

Douglass believed that the United States was a nation of innumerable races. He believed that migration and the right to hold office both were essential to freedom and citizenship. In this speech, in particular, Douglass argued for the rights and liberties of the Chinese in America.

True of False; The Republicans in Congress were unified in their vision for Reconstruction.

False

According to the video, why was Frederick Douglass's perspective on the question, "Who is an American?" considered radical for the time?

He believed people of all races and national origins could become good Americans.

The _______ survived in the rice kingdoms of South Carolina and Georgia, while __________ was preferred in Louisiana's sugar plantations. ________ came to dominate in the cotton and tobacco regions of Virginia and North Carolina.

The task system survived in the rice kingdoms of South Carolina and Georgia, while wage labor was preferred in Louisiana's sugar plantations. Sharecropping came to dominate in the cotton and tobacco regions of Virginia and North Carolina.

True or False The Liberal Republican Party began to side with Democrats in believing that the federal government's power had grown too much during the war and needed to be curtailed

True

Andrew Johnson _______ the Civil Rights Bill because he _______ in black equality. Ultimately, Johnson believed that political power rested with the _______

vetoed; did not believe; states

Why did Congress bring articles of impeachment against Andrew Johnson?

violated the Tenure of Office Act