Hydrosphere

Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding? (EEn 2.4.1) a. Building artificial levees b. Reducing water consumption c. Recycling bottled-water containers d. Building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants

a. Building artificial levees

The following is an example of point source pollution: (EEn 2.4.2) a. Discharge from a wastewater treatment plant. b. Run-off from urban areas c. Run-off from a pasture. d. Agricultural facilities.

a. Discharge from a wastewater treatment plant.

Which is formed when a section of impermeable rock forces groundwater to move laterally and emerge onto the surface of the Earth? (EEn 2.3.2) a. a spring b. an aquifer c. a geyser d. a well

a. a spring

The drilling for freshwater increases along a coastal area. What is a likely consequence for this action? (EEn 2.4.2) a. an intrusion of saltwater into aquifers<br /><br /> b. The loss of water resources in estuaries<br /> c. The destruction of estuaries because of an increase in sea levels<br /> d. A decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways

a. an intrusion of saltwater into aquifers<br /><br />

The density of seawater is _____________ fresh water? (EEn 2.3.1) a. greater than b. less than c. equal to d. half of

a. greater than

Which is the most common contamination source for freshwater resources? (EEn 2.4.2) a. runoff b. digging wells c. melting of glaciers d. lightning

a. runoff

Where is the water table located? a. At the bottom of the zone of saturation<br /><br /> b. At the top of the zone of saturation<br /> c. At the top of the zone of aeration<br /> d. At sea level

b. At the top of the zone of saturation<br />

Salinity means ________________. (EEn 2.3.1) a. Density of a body fo water b. dissolved salt content in a body of water c. organisms present per unit area of a body of water d. all of the above

b. dissolved salt content in a body of water

The bottom of an aquifer is made by a rock that is ___________ to water. a. permeable b. impermeable c. both A and B.

b. impermeable

Which of the following is not a negative effects of groundwater depletion? (EEn 2.4.2) a. drying up of wells b. increase of water in streams and lakes c. deterioration of water quality d. increased pumping cost

b. increase of water in streams and lakes

Increasing a stream's suspended sediment has which effect on the stream's physical characteristics? (EEn 2.4.2) a. increased turbidity and increased plant life<br /><br /> b. increased turbidity and decreased plant life<br /> c. decreased turbidity and increased plant life<br /> d. decreased turbidity and decreased plant life

b. increased turbidity and decreased plant life<br />

What is most responsible for the presence of groundwater in an area? (EEn 2.3.2) a. the movement of water from a confined aquifer into surface water <br /> b. the movement of surface water and precipitation through soil and rock <br /> c. the movement of water from streams and rivers to watersheds <br /> d. the movement of surface water through impermeable rock

b. the movement of surface water and precipitation through soil and rock <br />

Which consequence could an exponentially growing human population have on a drinkable water? a. It could cause a decrease in the amount of waste and pollutants in the water supply<br /> b. It could cause an increase in the amount of water available for the population<br /><br /> c. It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases<br /> d. It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival

c. It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases<br />

how could a long-term decrease in precipitation impact an area? a. It could increase the average water level of lakes in the area<br /> b. It could increase the amount of flooding in the area c. It could decrease the amount of possible infiltration in the area d. It could decrease the possible amount of damage to crops in the area

c. It could decrease the amount of possible infiltration in the area

Which of the following is an example of non-point source pollution of fresh water? (EEn 2.4.2) a. Sewage from a sewage treatment plant<br /><br /> b. Cholera in a town's water supply from a local hospital<br /> c. Oil and chemical runoff from several urban streets<br /> d. Factory waste piped into a stream

c. Oil and chemical runoff from several urban streets<br />

What human activity uses the most water, worldwide? (EEn 2.4.1) a. drinking b. industry c. agriculture d. bathing

c. agriculture

A rural, forested area receives a lot of rain in a short amount of time. What would most likely cause potential flooding in the area? (EEn 2.4.1) a. if the area has a large uncharged aquifer beneath it b. if the water level in the area is below the zone of saturation c. if the ground of the area is already saturated with water d. if the ground of the area is mostly sandy soil

c. if the ground of the area is already saturated with water

Oceans contain nearly _______ % of Earth's water. (EEn 2.3.1) a. 3 b. 66 c. 50 d. 97

d. 97

Where is groundwater stored on Earth? a. Clouds b. Water table c. Wells d. Aquifers

d. Aquifers

According to the diagram of the river, at which location would the water probably be most polluted? (EEn 2.4.2) a. Location A b. Location B c. Location C d. Location D

d. Location D

The amount of water that is available to enter groundwater in a region is influenced by (EEn 2.3.2): a. The vegetation cover b. the slope of the land c. the type of rock found at the surface d. all of the above

d. all of the above

A local government is considering whether to build a dam. Which is an advantage of building this structure? (EEn 2.4.1) a. it can decrease the accumulation of sediment in the water b. it can improve the natural habitat of plants and animals c. it is an inexpensive process d. it can create a storage place for water.

d. it can create a storage place for water.

Which is the best way to conserve worldwide freshwater resources? (EEn 2.4.1) a. build more roads and highways for cars and trucks <br /> b. increase the amount of land used to raise cattle <br /><br /> c. develop more modern coal-powered plants <br /> d. use more efficient irrigation techniques

d. use more efficient irrigation techniques

All of the following factors contribute to run-off, except: (EEn 2.3.1) a. Deforestation (e.g., lack of vegetation) b. Heavy rainfall events c. Soil type (e.g., clay soils allow less infiltration) d. Slope angle (e.g., steeper slopes have more runoff) e. Evapotranspiration (e.g., the combined processes of evaporation and transpiration)

e. Evapotranspiration (e.g., the combined processes of evaporation and transpiration)