IB Sports Exercise Health Science: Unit 1
lateral
to the side
joint
two or more bones come in contact with eachother
medial
twords middle
superior
above
gliding joint
allows one bone to slide over another; found in wrist and ankles
synovial joint
freely movable joint
anterior
front
distal
further away from joint
cardiac muscles
heart muscles; involuntary
slow twitch (type I)
high mitochondria slow sugar red/blood>>oxygen
smooth muscel
internal organs; involuntary
cartilaginous joints
limited movement
striation
lines/zebra stripes
fast twitch (type IIB)
low mitochondria high sugar white/sugar
Larissimus Dorsi
mid-back muscles
long bone
most common bone; made of mostly compact bone; cylindrical in shape (tibia, fibula, femur, and humerus)
function of appendicular skeleton
movement
insertion
moves
hinge joint (synovial)
moves in one direction (elbows and knees)
isometric
muscle contracting but no movement (holding a bicep curl)
Isokinetic
muscle contracting with constant speed
eccentric
muscle lengthening
concentric
muscle shortening
tendon
muscle to bone
erector spinae
muscles around spine
fibrous joints
no movement
orgin
stays still
skeletal muscle
striated and voluntary
external
superficial; on surface
function of vertebral column
support head, protects spinal cord and transmits weight from body to legs
ball and socket joint (synovial)
supumduction; shoulder and hip
condyloid joint
synovial joint that does everything except rotating
saddle joint (synovial)
thumb joint
to articulate
to form a joint
thoracic- 2
12 bones
coccyx- 5
4 bones
lumbar- 3
5 bones
sacral- 4
5 bones
cervical- 1
7 bones
posterior
back
trapezius
back muscles
inferior
below
ligaments
bone to bone
Gastrocnemius
calf muscle
proximal
closer to joint
internal
deep; within body
satorius
outer hip to inner knee muscle
function of the axial skeleton
protection and support
pivot joint (synovial)
radioulnar joint
deltiod
shoulder muscle