IHD
environmental pollutants that can affect human health could be present in A. air, water, soil, and food B. blood and saliva C. incinerators and power plants D. skin and feces
A
Which of the following statements regarding epigenetics is FALSE A. There is no change in the underlying DNA sequence of the organism B. Genetic factors cause the organism's genes to behave (or express themselves) differently
B. Genetic factors cause the organism's genes to behave differently
Epigenetics refers to the modification of genes that affect the DNA sequence itself T or F
F
The epigenome is an inflexible structure that never changes T or F
F
The most comprehensive definition of health is the one offered by the medical model T or F
F
The sociocultural definition of health takes into account the individual's perception of health. T or F
F
cross cultural misunderstandings between providers and patients can lead to mistrust and frustration, but are unlikely to have an impact on objectively measured clinical outcomes T or F
F
Poverty is considered as the principal indicator of health disparities T or F
F - even when income is taken into account health disparities still exist among races
Inequalities are based on unfair and avoidable factors that create health gaps and average indicators of the population health. T or F
F - inequality is the characteristic of being unequal or uneven
According to World Health Organization, Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being T or F
T
According to the medical model's definition of health, an individual is healthy if he/she is free of symptoms and or physical signs T or F
T
An example of a definition of health as a multidimensional concept is the World Health Organizations definition of health T or F
T
when the patient and provider come from different cultural backgrounds, the medical history obtained may not be accurate. T or f
T
social determinants of health do not act in isolation T or F
T- act in complex interactions that affect health
Which of the following constitute the most important challenge in addressing the issue of health disparities in the near future? a. availability of working force with necessary set of competencies to address helaht disparities researc b. availability of sufficient funding provided by governemtn
a
Eliminating disparities in the health status of people from diverse racial, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds has become one of the two most important priorities of Healthy People 2020 because populations with health disparities have a. Increased incidence of disease. b. Lower levels of morbidity. c. Lower mortality rates. d. Decreased incidence of disease.
a. increased incidence of disease
This model still stands as the most effective illustration of health determinants and continues to inform the work of those concerned with understanding and reducing the health inequality gap. It explains how the health inequities are a result of different levels of interaction considering from the individual to the community and socio-economical level. a. social model of health b. ecological model c. diderichsen, evans, whitehead inequality model d. model for the analysis of population health and health disparities
a. social model of health
which of the following will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of health disparities A. advanced bioinformatics B. transdisciplinary and mutilevel research approaches C. proficiency in colloquial language in underserved communities D. better access to health care
b
what is considered the major cause of health disparities a.Employment and unemployment: working conditions b.Lack of access to health services c. Lack of social support networks d. Anxiety and stress related to Social environment
b. lack of access to health services
major sources of air pollutants come from a. industries b. vehicles c. industries and vehicles
c. industries and vehicles
products of personal history, and social geographic economic and political factors
culture and ethnicity
what is the name of the scientific field that examines traits not caused by changes in DNA code A. genogenetics B. methylation c. non-codal genetics d. epigenetics
d. epigenetics
routes by which pollutants could be transferred to humans include the following a. air and water b. soil c.food d. inhalation ingestion and absorption
d. inhalation, ingestion and absorption
why reducing health disparities have been a difficult task in spite of numerous efforts through. the years
determinants for health disparities have not been studied simultaneously
Disparities are
differences in health status between advantaged and disadvantaged populations that are considered unfair and avoidable.
Differences in health status or in the distribution of health determinants between different population group
health inequality
what compounds attach to genes to direct their expression as certain types of cells
methyl groups
social determinants of health
the collective set of conditions in which people are born grow up live and work
environmental health is defined by
the study of factors or pollutants that affect human health