Immune System and Vaccinations
When a client in the clinic is offered the influenza vaccine and states, "I had the vaccination already last year, so I won't need it now," which response will the nurse give?
"The immunization changes, so you need to get vaccine annually to stay protected."
Which action would the nurse plan to take with a postpartum client with a negative rubella titer?
Obtaining a prescription for immunization at discharge
Which type of immunity is acquired through the transfer of colostrum from the mother to the child?
natural passive immunity
Which statement indicates the function of natural killer cells within the immune system?
Attack nonselectively on nonself cells, especially mutated and malignant cells
An Rh-negative client has a spontaneous abortion at the end of the second trimester and is prescribed Rho(D) immune globulin. The client asks the nurse, "Why do I need this medication?" Which information would the nurse consider before answering the client's question?
It will prevent the woman from producing antibodies.
Which leukocytes would the nurse include when teaching about antibody-mediated immunity? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
memory cell and B-lymphocyte
A pregnant woman arrives at the local health department requesting a flu shot. Which action would the nurse perform?
Administer the usual dose of the vaccine.
The nurse teaches a client who is scheduled for a kidney transplant about the need for immunosuppressive medications. The nurse determines that the client understands the teaching when the client says that medications must be taken for which period of time?
"For the rest of my life."
Which options are examples of actively acquired specific immunity? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
recovery from measles, recovery from chickenpox, and immunization with live or killed vaccines Clients who recovered from measles or chickenpox or those immunized with a live- or killed-virus vaccine has naturally acquired active-type immunity. Maternal immunoglobulin in a neonate and an injection of human gamma immunoglobulin into a client are examples of passively acquired specific immunity.
Which type of immunity would a 4-year-old child develop during the course of an infection with varicella?
Active natural immunity
Which consideration is most important when counseling the family of a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
Susceptibility to infection
A client taking immunosuppressant medications after receiving an organ transplant has developed hypertension, nephrotoxicity, and gingival hyperplasia. Which medication may have caused these disorders? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
Tacrolimus and cyclosporine Tacrolimus and cyclosporine are calcineurin inhibitors that may cause adverse effects such as hypertension, nephrotoxicity, and gingival hyperplasia. These medications are administered to stop the production and secretion of interleukin, which then prevents the activation of lymphocytes involved in transplant rejection. Basiliximab targets the activation sites of T-lymphocytes, increasing their elimination from circulation. Sirolimus is an antiproliferative medication that may cause adverse immunosuppressive effects such as thrombocytopenia and leucopenia. Basiliximab is a monoclonal antibody that may cause adverse side effects related to the gastrointestinal system. Mycophenolate may cause adverse effects such as leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and nausea.
Which immune preparation contains antibodies that provide passive immunity?
Which immune preparation contains antibodies that provide passive immunity?
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving azathioprine, cyclosporine, and prednisone before receiving a kidney transplant. Which medication action would the nurse identify as the purpose of these medications?
Reduce antibody production
A client who weighs 176 pounds (80 kg) is prescribed 8 mg/kg of cyclosporine each day. How many milligrams will the nurse administer each day? Record your answer using a whole number.
640 mg
Which vaccine would the nurse identify as being safe to administer during pregnancy?
Inactive influenza
A client who had an organ transplant is receiving cyclosporine. The nurse would monitor for which serious adverse effect of cyclosporine?
Increased creatinine level
At her first prenatal clinic visit a primigravida has blood drawn for a rubella antibody screening test, and the results are positive. Which intervention is important when the nurse discusses this finding with the client?
Informing her that her result indicates immunity to rubella
The registered nurse (RN) is organizing a community health care program for administering tetanus vaccinations. Which member of the health care team is most suitable for being delegated the task of administering vaccinations?
Licensed practical nurse (LPN)
Which instruction on infection prevention would the nurse include when providing discharge education to a client who received a cadaveric renal transplant?
avoid eating from buffets, obtain annual flu vaccination, , perform regular hand hygiene, stay away from crowded areas, report a temperature greater than 100.5 Clients who receive an organ transplant need to take immunosuppressant medications for the rest of their lives to prevent organ rejection. These medications put the client at increased risk for infection. The nurse would provide infection prevention teaching to the client after renal transplant, which would include instructions to avoid eating from buffets, get an annual flu vaccine, practice regular hand hygiene, and avoid crowded areas. Clients would also be instructed to report a temperature greater than 100.5°F to their health care provider as it could indicate infection or organ rejection and requires treatment.
