Immune System (Ch. 70, 71, 47)

A primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection differs from recurrent HSV episodes in that: Select all that apply: 1. Symptoms are less severe during recurrent HSV episodes 2. Systemic manifestations such as fever and myalgia are more common in primary infection 3. Lesions from recurrent HSV are more likely to transmit the virus than lesions from primary HSV 4. Transmission of the virus to a fetus is less likely during primary infection 5. Only primary infections are sexually transmitted

1, 2

The nurse provides home care instructions to a client with systemic lupus erythematosus and tells the client about methods to manage fatigue. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instructions? 1. "I should take hot baths because they are relaxing." 2. "I should sit whenever possible to conserve my energy." 3. "I should avoid long periods of rest because it causes joint stiffness." 4. "I should do some exercises, such as walking, when I am not fatigued."

1. "I should take hot baths because they are relaxing."

A client who is human immunodeficiency virus seropositive has been taking stavudine (d4T, Zerit). The nurse should monitor which most closely while the client is taking this medication? 1. Gait 2. Appetite 3. Level of consciousness 4. Gastrointestinal function

1. Gait

The community health nurse is conducting a research study and is identifying clients in the community at risk for latex allergy. Which client population is at most risk for developing this type of allergy? 1. Hairdressers 2. The homeless 3. Children in day care centers 4. Individuals living in a group home

1. Hairdressers

The camp nurse prepares to instruct a group of children about Lyme disease. Which information should the nurse include in the instructions? 1. Lyme disease is caused by a tick carried by deer. 2. Lyme disease is caused by contamination from cat feces. 3. Lyme disease can be caused by the inhalation of spores from bird droppings. 4. Lyme disease can be contagious through skin contact with an infected individual.

1. Lyme disease is caused by a tick carried by deer.

The nurse is assisting in planning care for a client with a diagnosis of immunodeficiency and should incorporate which action as a priority in the plan? 1. Protecting the client from infection 2. Providing emotional support to decrease fear 3. Encouraging discussion about lifestyle changes 4. Identifying factors that decreased the immune function

1. Protecting the client from infection

A client is diagnosed with scleroderma. Which intervention should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed? 1. Maintain bed rest as much as possible. 2. Administer corticosteroids as prescribed for inflammation. 3. Advise the client to remain supine for 1 to 2 hours after meals. 4. Keep the room temperature warm during the day and cool at night.

2. Administer corticosteroids as prescribed for inflammation.

A client with pemphigus is being seen in the clinic regularly. The nurse plans care based on which description of this condition? 1. The presence of tiny red vesicles 2. An autoimmune disease that causes blistering in the epidermis 3. The presence of skin vesicles found along the nerve caused by a virus 4. The presence of red, raised papules and large plaques covered by silvery scales

2. An autoimmune disease that causes blistering in the epidermis

The clinic nurse is instructing the parent of a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection regarding immunizations. The nurse should provide which instruction to the parent? 1. The hepatitis B vaccine will not be given to the child. 2. The inactivated influenza vaccine will be given yearly. 3. The varicella vaccine will be given before 6 months of age. 4. A Western blot test needs to be performed and the results evaluated before immunizations.

2. The inactivated influenza vaccine will be given yearly.

The nurse prepares to give a bath and change the bed linens of a client with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. The lesions are open and draining a scant amount of serous fluid. Which would the nurse incorporate into the plan during the bathing of this client? 1. Wearing gloves 2. Wearing a gown and gloves 3. Wearing a gown, gloves, and a mask 4. Wear a gown and gloves to change the bed linens and gloves only for the bath

2. Wearing a gown and gloves

The nurse is caring for a client who has been taking a sulfonamide and should monitor for signs/symptoms of which side/adverse effects of the medication? Select all that apply. 1. Ototoxicity 2. Palpitations 3. Nephrotoxicity 4. Bone marrow depression 5. Gastrointestinal (GI) effects 6. Increased white blood cell (WBC) count

3, 4, 5

The nurse is preparing a group of Cub Scouts for an overnight camping trip and instructs the scouts about the methods to prevent Lyme disease. Which statement by one of the Cub Scouts indicates a need for further instructions? 1. "I need to bring a hat to wear during the trip." 2. "I should wear long-sleeved tops and long pants." 3. "I should not use insect repellents because it will attract the ticks." 4. "I need to wear closed shoes and socks that can be pulled up over my pants."

3. "I should not use insect repellents because it will attract the ticks."

The nurse is obtaining a subjective data assessment from a woman reported as a sexual contact of a man with chlamydial infection. The nurse understands that symptoms of chlamydial infection in women: 1. Are similar to those of genital herpes 2. May involve chancres inside the vagina that are not visable 3. Are frequently absent 4. Include a macular palmar rash in later stages

3. Are frequently absent

The nurse is caring for a postrenal transplantation client taking cyclosporine (Sandimmune). The nurse notes an increase in one of the client's vital signs and the client is complaining of a headache. What vital sign is most likely increased? 1. Pulse 2. Respirations 3. Blood pressure 4. Pulse oximetry

3. Blood pressure

The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is diagnosed with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse understands that this has been confirmed by which finding? 1. Swelling in the genital area 2. Swelling in the lower extremities 3. Positive punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions 4. Appearance of reddish-blue lesions noted on the skin

3. Positive punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions

The nurse is reviewing the results of serum laboratory studies drawn on a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving didanosine (Videx). The nurse interprets that the client may have the medication discontinued by the health care provider if which elevated result is noted? 1. Serum protein level 2. Blood glucose level 3. Serum amylase level 4. Serum creatinine level

3. Serum amylase level

The nurse provides home care instructions to the parent of a child with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which statement by the parent indicates the need for further teaching? 1. "I will wash my hands frequently." 2. "I will keep my child's immunizations up to date." 3. "I will avoid direct unprotected contact with my child's body fluids." 4. "I can send my child to day care if he has a fever, as long as it is a low-grade fever."

4. "I can send my child to day care if he has a fever, as long as it is a low-grade fever."

The mother with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection brings her 10-month-old infant to the clinic for a routine checkup. The health care provider has documented that the infant is asymptomatic for HIV infection. After the checkup, the mother tells the nurse that she is so pleased that the infant will not get HIV. The nurse should make which most appropriate response to the mother? 1. "I am so pleased also that everything has turned out fine." 2. "Because symptoms have not developed, it is unlikely that your infant will develop HIV infection." 3. "Everything looks great, but be sure that you return with your infant next month for the scheduled visit." 4. "Most children infected with HIV develop symptoms within the first 9 months of life, and some become symptomatic sometime before they are 3 years old."

4. "Most children infected with HIV develop symptoms within the first 9 months of life, and some become symptomatic sometime before they are 3 years old."

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The nurse should plan care with the understanding that which childhood psychosocial need occurs at this age? 1. Expressing fear, withdrawal, and denial 2. Beginning to understand that something is wrong 3. Unable to grasp the concept of illness and death 4. Beginning to conceptualize the death process as involving physical harm

4. Beginning to conceptualize the death process as involving physical harm

The home care nurse is performing an assessment on a client who has been diagnosed with an allergy to latex. In determining the client's risk factors, the nurse should question the client about an allergy to which food item? 1. Eggs 2. Milk 3. Yogurt 4. Bananas

4. Bananas

An infant of a mother infected with HIV is seen in the clinic each month and is being monitored for symptoms indicative of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The nurse assesses the infant, knowing that which infection is the most common opportunistic infection of children infected with HIV? 1. Meningitis 2. Gastroenteritis 3. Cytomegalovirus infection 4. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

4. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis jiroveci infection has been receiving pentamidine (Pentam 300). The client develops a temperature of 101° F. The nurse continues to assess the client, knowing that this sign most likely indicates which condition? 1. That the dose of the medication is too low 2. That the client is experiencing toxic effects of the medication 3. That the client has developed inadequacy of thermoregulation 4. That the client has developed another infection caused by leukopenic effects of the medication

4. That the client has developed another infection caused by leukopenic effects of the medication

The nurse is conducting allergy skin testing on a client. Which postprocedure interventions are most appropriate for the nurse to perform? Select all that apply. 1. Record site, date, and time of the test. 2. Give the client a list of potential allergens if identified. 3. Estimate the size of the wheal and document the finding. 4. Tell the client to return to have the site inspected only if there is a reaction. 5. Have the client wait in the waiting room for at least 1 to 2 hours after injection.

1, 2

A client develops an anaphylactic reaction after receiving morphine sulfate. The nurse should plan to institute which actions? Select all that apply. 1. Administer oxygen. 2. Quickly assess the client's respiratory status. 3. Document the event, interventions, and client's response. 4. Leave the client briefly to contact a health care provider. 5. Keep the client supine regardless of the blood pressure readings. 6. Start an intravenous (IV) infusion of D5W and administer a 500-mL bolus.

1, 2, 3

In assessing patients for STI's the nurse needs to know that many STI's can be asymptomatic. Which STI's can be asymptomatic? Select all that apply: 1. Genital herpes 2. Gonorrhea 3. Syphilis 4. Chlamydial infection 5. Genital warts

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Which home care instructions should the nurse provide to the parent of a child with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? Select all that apply. 1. Monitor the child's weight. 2. Frequent hand-washing is important. 3. The child should avoid exposure to other illnesses. 4. The child's immunization schedule will need revision. 5. Clean up body fluid spills with bleach solution (10:1 ratio of water to bleach). 6. Fever, malaise, fatigue, weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhea are expected to occur and do not require special intervention.

1, 2, 3, 5

Which interventions apply in the care of a client at high risk for an allergic response to a latex allergy? Select all that apply. 1. Use nonlatex gloves. 2. Use medications from glass ampules. 3. Place the client in a private room only. 4. Keep a latex-safe supply cart available in the client's area. 5. Avoid the use of medication vials that have rubber stoppers. 6. Use a blood pressure cuff from an electronic device only to measure the blood pressure.

1, 2, 4, 5

The home care nurse provides instructions regarding basic infection control to the parent of an infant with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Which statement, if made by the parent, indicates the need for further instruction? 1. "I will clean up any spills from the diaper with diluted alcohol." 2. "I will wash baby bottles, nipples, and pacifiers in the dishwasher." 3. "I will be sure to prepare foods that are high in calories and high in protein." 4. "I will be sure to wash my hands carefully before and after caring for my infant."

1. "I will clean up any spills from the diaper with diluted alcohol."

A female client arrives at the health care clinic and tells the nurse that she was just bitten by a tick and would like to be tested for Lyme disease. The client tells the nurse that she removed the tick and flushed it down the toilet. Which nursing actions are most appropriate? Select all that apply. 1. Tell the client that testing is not necessary unless arthralgia develops. 2. Tell the client to avoid any woody, grassy areas that may contain ticks. 3. Instruct the client to immediately start to take the antibodies that are prescribed. 4. Inform the client to plan to have a blood test 4 to 6 weeks after a bite to detect the presence of the disease. 5. Tell the client if this happens again to never remove the tick but vigorously scrub the area with an antiseptic.

2, 3, 4

The nurse caring for a client who is taking an aminoglycoside should monitor the client for which adverse effects of the medication? Select all that apply. 1. Seizures 2. Ototoxicity 3. Renal toxicity 4. Dysrhythmias 5. Hepatotoxicity

2, 3, 4

Ketoconazole is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of candidiasis. Which interventions should the nurse include when administering this medication? Select all that apply. 1. Restrict fluid intake. 2. Monitor liver function studies. 3. Instruct the client to avoid alcohol. 4. Administer the medication with an antacid. 5. Instruct the client to avoid exposure to the sun. 6. Administer the medication on an empty stomach.

2, 3, 5

A client calls the nurse in the emergency department and states that he was just stung by a bumble bee while gardening. The client is afraid of a severe reaction because the client's neighbor experienced such a reaction just 1 week ago. Which nursing action should the nurse take? 1. Advise the client to soak the site in hydrogen peroxide. 2. Ask the client if he ever sustained a bee sting in the past. 3. Tell the client to call an ambulance for transport to the emergency department. 4. Tell the client not to worry about the sting unless difficulty with breathing occurs.

2. Ask the client if he ever sustained a bee sting in the past.

A 6-year-old child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been admitted to the hospital for pain management. The child asks the nurse if the pain will ever go away. The nurse should make which best response to the child? 1. "The pain will go away if you lie still and let the medicine work." 2. "Try not to think about it. The more you think it hurts, the more it will hurt." 3. "I know it must hurt, but if you tell me when it does, I will try and make it hurt a little less." 4. "Every time it hurts, press on the call button and I will give you something to make the pain go all away."

3. "I know it must hurt, but if you tell me when it does, I will try and make it hurt a little less."

Amikacin (Amikin) is prescribed for a client with a bacterial infection. The nurse instructs the client to contact the health care provider (HCP) immediately if which occurs? 1. Nausea 2. Lethargy 3. Hearing loss 4. Muscle aches

3. Hearing loss

The nurse is assigned to care for a client with cytomegalovirus retinitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving foscarnet, an antiviral medication. The nurse should monitor the results of which laboratory study while the client is taking this medication? 1. CD4 cell count 2. Lymphocyte count 3. Serum albumin level 4. Serum creatinine level

4. Serum creatinine level

A health care provider prescribes laboratory studies for an infant of a woman positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to determine the presence of HIV antigen in the infant. The nurse anticipates that which laboratory study will be prescribed for the infant? 1. Chest x-ray 2. Western blot 3. CD4+ cell count 4. p24 antigen assay

4. p24 antigen assay