Implicit Bias

Examples of Explicit Biases/Stereotypes

- both men and women hold the belief that men are better in leadership positions - women are angrier around a particular time of the month - women are more emotional - women are allowed more gender fluidity - men are better at math, and with their hands - little boys cannot dress up as princesses

Implicit biases are

- widely held - contradict our explicit beliefs - favour the ingroup (but not always) - NOT fixed, malleable

Dearth of Women in Orchestras

1970s - 5% of instrumentalists are women 1990s - 30% of instrumentalists are women

Moss-Racusin et al., 2012

Science faculty's subtle gender biases favour male students. Identical applicant, half male name half female name. Male reported as more competent.

Controlled Cognitive Process

Intentional and voluntary

Example of a bias

asking teenage girls to be babysitters

Stereotypes cause

biases

Implicit biases in children

children respond faster to stereotype congruent conditions than in the stereotype incongruent conditions

Explicit Bias

consciously and deliberately report. May not been seen as a bias.

Implicit bias test reveals that

cultural biases are so ingrained it is easier to associate certain negative connotations with particular groups Have to work harder to break these associations

Biases are largely based on

cultural stereotypes

Gender stereotypes are

descriptive and prescriptive

Implicit biases are obtained by

direct experiences, family upbringing, pervasive cultural stereotypes, and media influences

Despite waning explicit biases

evidence for implicit biases still remains

Biases

exhibiting a preference/inclination/partiality to someone or something

Middle school age

explicit biases stated that girls are better at arts and boys are better at math

Gender Blind Auditions

in the 70s, auditions were live and in person. Now occur behind a screen on a carpeted stage

Are implicit biases merely concealed?

no, you are truly unaware of your implicit biases

Female professors of colour are

scored even lower than their white female colleagues

Sorting objects is easiest when

stereotypes are congruent e.x. insects and flowers

Implicit Association Tests

test to uncover implicit associations

"The Brain's Blindspot"

the opinions that you hold, that you are not aware of, that impact your actions and decision making

In University, you can see implicit biases in

the ways in which students fill out profession evaluations. Female professors are scored lower. Less prevalent in female dominated departments.

Unconscious Biases

unintentional involuntary not using attentional resources

Orchestra judges had

very strong implicit biases that suggested men were better musicians

Implicit biases are often found to be according to

widely held cultural stereotypes and according to ingroup

Stereotype

widely held oversimplification of a group based on pre-existing ideas in society e.x. asian boys are better at math