INQUIZITIVE; Chapter 25
This city was known as the "citadel of segregation."
Birmingham
An unlikely coalition of individuals thought that the social institutions needed to be corrected. Because of their sheer numbers and the power of television, they believed direct confrontation could alter that imbalance. Which two groups made up that unlikely coalition?
Black freedom movement and white children of the middle class
One of the leaders of the Free Speech Movement at UCLA was Ronald Reagan. His experience as a student leader of the movement gave Reagan the national exposure he needed to launch his political career.
False
Roe v. Wade was a controversial Supreme Court case that ended the ban on marriage between races that had been the law since the colonial era.
False
The Great Society was the most sweeping attempt at social and economic adjustment by the federal government since the New Deal during the Great Depression. Which of the following provisions were part of the Great Society?
Food Stamp program Medicare Head Start
Identify the statements that describe the rise of Black Power.
It proposed an agenda of electing more black officials and leading a revolutionary fight for freedoms. The idea of Black Power reflected the radicalization of young civil rights activists and an explosion of racial self-assertion. The term was coined by Stokely Carmichael, the leader of SNCC, during a civil rights march.
Identify the statements that describe the March on Washington in August 1963.
It was the largest public demonstration in American history (up until that time). It represented significant collaboration between whites and blacks to further the civil rights cause. Martin Luther King Jr. cited the Declaration of Independence in his speech
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the New Left. The Old Left largely focused on economic equality and social citizenship, whereas the New Left challenged mainstream America. The New Left, inspired largely by the black freedom movement, hungered for authenticity that affluence could not provide.
Old Left, New Left, the black freedom movement
The rebellion/riot here is considered the beginning of the LGBT movement.
Stonewall Inn
acknowledged that American society had lost a vast reservoir of human potential by suppressing women's personal growth in the 1950s
The Feminine Mystique
What response did the Freedom Riders receive when they rode buses from Washington, D.C., through the Deep South?
They were violently attacked by a mob when they reached Alabama
Race relations were strained in the mid-1960s to such a large degree that even those who fought side by side for the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 abandoned each other. What caused such animosity after such successful collaboration?
Whites felt that the landmark civil right legislation from 1964 and 1965 adequately assured black equality, whereas blacks pushed for further action.
Match the legislation to its correlating objectives.
allowed federal officials to register voters Correct label: Voting Rights Act abandoned the national-origins quota system of immigration Correct label: Hart-Celler Act outlawed the poll tax Correct label: 24th Amendment
Lyndon Johnson forcefully pushed a comprehensive civil rights bill through Congress. Identify the elements of this legislation.
banned racial discrimination in public accommodations prohibited gender discrimination prohibited discrimination by employers and unions
The counterculture was a youth movement that exposed the generation gap between the baby boomers and their parents. What were the values endorsed by the counterculture?
community
Identify the statements that describe the War on Poverty.
created the Office of Economic Opportunities, which oversaw initiatives to lift the poor into the social and economic mainstream attributed poverty to a lack of skills and lack of proper attitudes about work
What was the significance of the Stonewall Inn riot as a source for the rights revolution of the late 1960s?
it marked the advent of gay liberation after homosexuals at the Stonewall Inn fought back against routine police harassment.
What made the New Left new was that it spoke of loneliness in the face of bureaucratic institutions and a hunger for authenticity that affluence could not provide.
loneliness, bureaucratic institutions, authenticity
Identify the statements that describe the Civil Rights Act.
prohibited racial discrimination in employment, schools, and privately owned businesses prohibited discrimination based on sex
Before Fidel Castro ousted Fulgencio Batista from Cuba, Cuba had been economically dependent on the United States. Why did the United States prove hesitant to support Castro's new regime?
when castro came into power and announced his plan for cuba the U.S. became afraid he would nationalize u.s. land holdings in cuba
The Kennedy administration lasted less than three years and saw few tangible accomplishments, yet President Kennedy's short term in office remains significant today among the general public. Which of the following characteristics describe Kennedy and his administration?
youthful glamour He inspired hope and belief that tomorrow could be better.
Match each of the following cities/towns with its significance to the civil rights movement.
This city was known as the "citadel of segregation." Correct label: Birmingham Protesters attempted to march to the state capitol to demand voter registration fairness. Correct label: Selma A. Philip Randolph's march for "jobs and freedom" took place in this city in August 1963. Correct label: Washington, D.C. Riots occurred here when James Meredith enrolled at the University of Mississippi. Correct label: Oxford
Match each influential book with the movement with which it was associated in the 1960s.
civil rights Correct label: The Fire Next Time economic imbalance/poverty Correct label: The Other America environmental science Correct label: Silent Spring consumer protection Correct label: Unsafe at any Speed
The 1960s counterculture had a profound influence on the world of religion and spirituality. Match the movements and organizations listed below with their correct description.
evangelical movement that began on the West Coast and connected the "hippie" lifestyle with the early church Correct label: the Jesus People religious cult that ended in the deaths of hundreds of the movement's followers Correct label: the People's Temple populist movement primarily within Latin American Catholicism Correct label: "liberation theology"
The Peace Corps was a special unit of the Marine Corps designed, by John Kennedy's brother-in-law, to infiltrate rebel units in developing countries and fan the flames of revolution.
false
Analyze the map below. The presidential election of 1968 revived the political life of Richard Nixon. Based on the election map above, what region of the United States seemed to be the only one to support Lyndon Johnson's Great Society?
the Northeast
In the mid-1960s, violent outbreaks in predominately African-American communities outside the South drew attention to the national scope of racial injustice and to inequalities in jobs, education, and housing that existed across the country. Match each event below to the location on the map where it took place. 01. the site of the first large-scale confrontations between police and black protesters in 1964 02. 50,000 protestors faced off against 15,000 National Guardsmen in the 1965 uprising that began days after the Voting Rights Act was signed into law. 03. More than forty people died in this 1967 uprising that also caused hundreds of millions of dollars in property damage.
01. New Jersey 02. California 03. Michigan
Identify the statements that describe the Bay of Pigs invasion.
As a result of the failed operation, Cuba became even more closely tied to the Soviet Union. It was a CIA-led operation with Cuban exiles living in the United States.
Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence describing the priorities of President Kennedy and President Johnson. While Kennedy focused on the Cold War for most of his administration, Johnson focused on domestic reform.
Cold War, Domestic Reform
agnostics and atheists: voters in cities: citizens who are indicted on criminal charges: journalists and newspaper editors: married couples who wanted privacy:
Engel v. Vitale (1962) Baker v. Carr (1962) Miranda v. Arizona (1966) New York Times v. Sullivan (1964) Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
In the 1960s, the issue of human trafficking came to the fore when Rachel Carson published her book, Silent Spring, about the mistreatment of seasonal migrant workers.
False
The shift from nonviolent protest to violent confrontation during the mid-1960s also had a geographic difference. The nonviolent protests took place in the South while the violent confrontations took place outside of the South. Place the locations of confrontations outside of the South in chronological order.
Harlem, Watts, Chicago, Detroit.
During the Sixties, the baby boomers were more politically involved than their parents. Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the diverse political beliefs of this group. On the political right, the Young Americans for Freedom supported the Sharon Statement manifesto, while those on the political left, including the Students for a Democratic Society, supported the Port Huron Statement manifesto. The moderates in the middle muddled through without a manifesto. Nixon would dub these moderates the Silent Majority later in the decade.
Right, Left, Silent majority
Which of the following people would most likely have supported the Republican candidate Barry Goldwater for president in 1964?
Ronald Reagan Pat Boone
As early as August 1963, members of Johnson's cabinet were discussing whether they should withdraw from Vietnam. Why did Johnson's advisors recommend staying in Indochina?
The advisors believed they could control the tide of Third World revolutions through intervention. The Truman administration was blamed for losing another Asian country, China, to communism, and it didn't want to experience the same fate. It was an example of Cold War geopolitics as usual.
The Alliance for Progress was Kennedy's attempt to do for Latin America what the Marshall Plan did for Western Europe. Why did the Alliance fail in Latin America?
The plan involved far smaller sums of money than the Marshall Plan. The local elites resisted land reform and equitable tax systems.
Analyze the image below. What does it reveal about public reaction to the president's death?
The president's death captivated the nation. The shock of the president's death overshadowed the upcoming presidential election.
In both pictures below, the protesters can be seen wearing their "Sunday best." What message are they trying to convey about their purpose by wearing their best clothes?
They are trying to show the seriousness and religious-like conviction of their endeavor
In 1963, Betty Friedan launched the second wave of feminism with her book The Feminine Mystique, which infamously described the suburban home as a "comfortable concentration camp."
True
The city in which A. Philip Randolph's march for "jobs and freedom" took place in August 1963.
Washington, D.C.
Throughout most of its existence, the U.S. Supreme Court (SCOTUS) thwarted change. When Chief Justice Earl Warren's SCOTUS moved from the political right (ideologically) to the political center, enough to allow for more rights for many more groups in the United States, conservatives dubbed it "judicial activism." Match the following court cases with the group that benefited from SCOTUS decisions during Warren's leadership.
citizens who are indicted on criminal charges Correct label: Miranda v. Arizona (1966) married couples who wanted privacy Correct label: Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) voters in cities Correct label: Baker v. Carr (1962) agnostics and atheists Correct label: Engel v. Vitale (1962) journalists and newspaper editors Correct label: New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)
Place the following events regarding the Cuban missile crisis in chronological order.
01 A U-2 spy plane discovers Soviet missile silos in Cuba 02 U.S military advisers propose invasion of Cuba from Florida. 03 JFK orders quartntine of the Cuban island by the U.S. Navy 04 Soviets remove missiles from Cuba, and the United States removes missiles from Turkey.
Initially an integrated group of people, their focus was on integrating interstate busses and bus terminals. National organization created to improve the lives of all minorities. Initially made up of college students, their focus was on integrating public restaurants and stores.
CORE NAACP SNCC
Malcolm X argued that African-Americans must control the political and economic resources of their communities. Identify the statements that describe Malcolm X.
He abandoned his last name to symbolize his break from his slave ancestry. His work left a legacy that is still recognized and honored today. His racial vitriol was severely lessened after a trip to Mecca in 1964.
Why did social and political upheaval reach global proportions in 1968?
Martin Luther King Jr., a leader of the civil rights movement, was assassinated. The international community was outraged over the Tet offensive in Vietnam. The international community was outraged over the Tet offensive in Vietnam.
In the election of 1964, Lyndon Johnson won by an electoral landslide. His opponent, ultra conservative Barry Goldwater, who had voted against the Civil Rights Act of 1964, won the Deep South. What did this election demonstrate about the country?
Most Americans were ready to grant African-Americans rights
What social changes does NOW believe are necessary to enable women to enjoy equality and freedom?
NOW wanted more women to participate in the public sphere.
Consumer rights became an important social issue in the 1960s. Identify the correct statements regarding consumer advocate Ralph Nader and the impact of his consumer activism.
Nader's consumer movement inspired many new consumer protection laws in the 1970s. Nader's 1965 exposé, Unsafe at Any Speed, focused on car manufacturers.
founded in 1966 to work actively for women's equality, after seeing the need for a civil rights organization specifically focused on women's rights
National Organization for Women
The civil rights movement of the late 1950s was a conglomeration of people from different economic and social backgrounds and faiths. Identify the missions of the following groups.
National organization created to improve the lives of all minorities. Correct label: NAACP Initially an integrated group of people, its focus was on integrating interstate busses and bus terminals. Correct label: CORE Initially made up of college students, its focus was on integrating public restaurants and stores. Correct label: SNCC
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing President Johnson's actions toward perceived communist threats in Vietnam. When North Vietnamese patrol boats fired on an American vessel, Johnson proclaimed that the United States was a victim of "aggression." In response, Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin resolution, authorizing the president to take "all necessary measures to repel armed attack" in Vietnam. Only two members of the U.S. Senate voted against it and everyone in the House of Representatives approved it, giving Johnson a blank check in his attempt to expand military involvement in Indochina.
North Vietnamese, Gulf of Tonkin, Indochina
At the 1964 Republican National Convention, Arizona senator Barry Goldwater delivered a speech accepting his party's nomination for president. In the brief excerpt below, identify the passage that illustrates Goldwater's belief in a small federal government that empowers government at the local level.
Our towns and our cities, then our counties, then our states, then our regional contacts and only then, the national government. That, let me remind you, is the ladder of liberty, built by decentralized power.
Riots occurred here when James Meredith enrolled at the University of Mississippi.
Oxford
Protesters attempted to march to the state capitol to demand voter registration fairness.
Selma
Both the left-wing Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) and the conservative Young Americans for Freedom (YAF) emphasized the importance of youth in bringing about social change. Which assertions belong to the SDS's Port Huron Statement and which belong to the YAF's Sharon Statement?
Sharon Statement: -The gravest threat facing the world is international communism. -The workings of the free market are the greatest guarantor of personal freedom. Port Huron Statement: -Society would be improved by the adoption of the principle of "participatory democracy" in all aspects of life. -Existing institutions such as political parties and corporations are deeply undemocratic and corrupt.
Read the selection below from "Statement of Purpose," National Organization for Women (1966). What social changes does NOW believe are necessary to enable women to enjoy equality and freedom?
Society needs an increase in child-care options to ensure mothers have the opportunities to grow their careers outside the home. Society needs to value the contributions of women in their work as homemakers and mothers.
Analyze the following passage from the "Statement of Purpose" by the National Organization for Women. What social changes does NOW believe are necessary to enable women to enjoy equality and freedom?
Society should recognize the social and economic contributions of women who work as homemakers and mothers. Society needs an increase in child-care options so that men and women have equal opportunities to grow their careers outside the home. NOW wanted more women to have the opportunity to participate in the public sphere.
When Barry Goldwater ran for president in 1964, he was already a nationally known author. Complete the following paragraph concerning the content of Goldwater's best-known book. Barry Goldwater's The Conscience of a Conservative warned against domestic dangers to freedom. He advocated for the substitution of private charity for public welfare programs and Social Security, and the abolition of the graduated income tax. He also called for a more aggressive U.S. military policy, arguing that nuclear war might be "the price of freedom."
The Conscience of a Conservative, graduated income tax, more
Analyze the map below. What does the map showing the Vietnam War (1964-1975) reveal about the events of the war?
The Ho Chi Minh Trail was the North Vietnamese supply route, which extended from North Vietnam to South Vietnam. Major battles took place in both South and North Vietnam.
As early as 1963, President Kennedy questioned the United States' involvement in Vietnam. Why did both the Kennedy and Johnson administrations opt to stay in Vietnam?
The Johnson administration did not want to be responsible for losing another country to communism. Military advisers believed they could control internal uprisings in Vietnam.
By 1960, Kennedy's plan for Cuba had escalated from fanning a revolt to an amphibious landing by several hundred Cubans trained by the CIA in Guatemala. Identify the results of this planned expedition.
The invasion failed with more than 100 killed and many more captured.
Identify the statements that describe Freedom Summer of 1964.
The most notorious act of violence during the summer occurred near Philadelphia, Mississippi, when three college students were kidnapped and murdered. A coalition of civil rights groups converged on Mississippi to register African-Americans to vote.
As a result of the civil rights movement's success, many other groups were moved to fight for rights in the late 1960s. The most successful was the women's rights movement, but others made progress as well. Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing another group's activism. In the late 1960s, the American Indian Movement made great strides when it staged protests and occupied Alcatraz Island claiming that it had been illegally seized from its original inhabitants. This protest ultimately launched the Red Power movement.
the American Indian Movement, Alcatraz Island, Red Power
In the late 1960s, the American Indian Movement made great strides when it staged protests and occupied Alcatraz.
the American Indian Movement, when it staged protests, occupied
The New Left was made up of an unlikely coalition of youth who thought that social institutions needed to be corrected, allowing full access to liberty and freedom through participation in democracy. Which two groups made up that unlikely coalition?
the black freedom movement and white college students of the middle class